CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5397 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PW3X-HMV2-VXQ2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-17 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-23 00:00Totolink X5000R_Firmware v9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function setNtpCfg, via the tz parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26213"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-15T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Totolink X5000R_Firmware v9.1.0u.6118_B20201102 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the function setNtpCfg, via the tz parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.",
"id": "GHSA-pw3x-hmv2-vxq2",
"modified": "2022-03-23T00:00:36Z",
"published": "2022-03-17T00:00:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26213"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pjqwudi1/my_vuln/blob/main/totolink/vuln_21/21.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PWC9-Q4HJ-PG8G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-16 09:33 – Updated: 2024-09-13 19:34A vulnerability in the parisneo/lollms, specifically in the /unInstall_binding endpoint, allows for arbitrary code execution due to insufficient sanitization of user input. The issue arises from the lack of path sanitization when handling the name parameter in the unInstall_binding function, allowing an attacker to traverse directories and execute arbitrary code by loading a malicious __init__.py file. This vulnerability affects the latest version of the software. The exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to remote code execution on the system where parisneo/lollms is deployed.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "lollms"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4078"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-13T19:34:51Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-16T09:15:15Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the parisneo/lollms, specifically in the `/unInstall_binding` endpoint, allows for arbitrary code execution due to insufficient sanitization of user input. The issue arises from the lack of path sanitization when handling the `name` parameter in the `unInstall_binding` function, allowing an attacker to traverse directories and execute arbitrary code by loading a malicious `__init__.py` file. This vulnerability affects the latest version of the software. The exploitation of this vulnerability could lead to remote code execution on the system where parisneo/lollms is deployed.",
"id": "GHSA-pwc9-q4hj-pg8g",
"modified": "2024-09-13T19:34:51Z",
"published": "2024-05-16T09:33:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4078"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/parisneo/lollms/commit/7ebe08da7e0026b155af4f7be1d6417bc64cf02f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/parisneo/lollms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/a55a8c04-df44-49b2-bcfa-2a2b728a299d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "LoLLMS Command Injection vulnerability"
}
GHSA-PWHF-39XG-4RXW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-06-04 19:09 – Updated: 2021-06-04 19:23Impact
A malicious internal actor is able to upload documentation content with malicious scripts. These scripts would normally be sanitized by the TechDocs frontend, but by tricking a user to visit the content via the TechDocs API, the content sanitazion will be bypassed. If the TechDocs API is hosted on the same origin as the Backstage app or other backend plugins, this may give access to sensitive data.
The ability to upload malicious content may be limited by internal code review processes, unless the chosen TechDocs deployment method is to use an object store and the actor has access to upload files directly to that store.
Patches
The vulnerability is patched in the 0.6.4 release of @backstage/techdocs-common.
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:
- Open an issue in the Backstage repository
- Visit our chat, linked to in Backstage README
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "@backstage/techdocs-common"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.6.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32660"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434",
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-06-03T22:02:53Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-03T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA malicious internal actor is able to upload documentation content with malicious scripts. These scripts would normally be sanitized by the TechDocs frontend, but by tricking a user to visit the content via the TechDocs API, the content sanitazion will be bypassed. If the TechDocs API is hosted on the same origin as the Backstage app or other backend plugins, this may give access to sensitive data.\n\nThe ability to upload malicious content may be limited by internal code review processes, unless the chosen TechDocs deployment method is to use an object store and the actor has access to upload files directly to that store.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability is patched in the `0.6.4` release of `@backstage/techdocs-common`.\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Open an issue in the [Backstage repository](https://github.com/backstage/backstage)\n* Visit our chat, linked to in [Backstage README](https://github.com/backstage/backstage)",
"id": "GHSA-pwhf-39xg-4rxw",
"modified": "2021-06-04T19:23:33Z",
"published": "2021-06-04T19:09:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/backstage/backstage/security/advisories/GHSA-pwhf-39xg-4rxw"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32660"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/backstage/backstage/commit/aad98c544e59369901fe9e0a85f6357644dceb5c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/backstage/backstage/releases/tag/release-2021-06-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Script injection"
}
GHSA-PWMQ-CVCM-R5P2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-09-28 00:00The submission service in Dovecot before 2.3.15 allows STARTTLS command injection in lib-smtp. Sensitive information can be redirected to an attacker-controlled address.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33515"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-28T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The submission service in Dovecot before 2.3.15 allows STARTTLS command injection in lib-smtp. Sensitive information can be redirected to an attacker-controlled address.",
"id": "GHSA-pwmq-cvcm-r5p2",
"modified": "2022-09-28T00:00:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33515"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://dovecot.org/security"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/09/msg00032.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/JB2VTJ3G2ILYWH5Y2FTY2PUHT2MD6VMI"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TK424DWFO2TKJYXZ2H3XL633TYJL4GQN"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/06/28/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PWW9-97J5-GQJG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:48IBM Security Identity Manager (ISIM) Virtual Appliance 7.0.0.0 through 7.0.1.0 before 7.0.1-ISS-SIM-FP0001 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with administrator privileges via unspecified vectors. IBM X-Force ID: 111640.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-0324"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-01-12T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Security Identity Manager (ISIM) Virtual Appliance 7.0.0.0 through 7.0.1.0 before 7.0.1-ISS-SIM-FP0001 allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary code with administrator privileges via unspecified vectors. IBM X-Force ID: 111640.",
"id": "GHSA-pww9-97j5-gqjg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:48:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:48:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-0324"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/111640"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21981438"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PWX9-99JM-FX95
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-20 15:31 – Updated: 2026-05-01 18:31OS Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in UI in Progress ADC Products allows an authenticated attacker with “All” permissions to execute arbitrary commands on the LoadMaster appliance by exploiting unsanitized input in a custom WAF rule file during the file upload process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-4048"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-20T14:16:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OS Command Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in UI in Progress ADC Products allows an authenticated attacker with \u201cAll\u201d permissions to execute arbitrary commands on the LoadMaster appliance by exploiting unsanitized input in a custom WAF rule file during the file upload process.",
"id": "GHSA-pwx9-99jm-fx95",
"modified": "2026-05-01T18:31:20Z",
"published": "2026-04-20T15:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4048"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.progress.com/s/article/LoadMaster-Security-Vulnerabilites-CVE-2026-3517-CVE-2026-3518-CVE-2026-3519-CVE-2026-4048-CVE-2026-21876"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PX53-89VH-3Q6F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-21 06:33 – Updated: 2024-09-04 21:30Distrobox before 1.7.0.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via command injection into exported executables.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-29864"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-21T04:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Distrobox before 1.7.0.1 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via command injection into exported executables.",
"id": "GHSA-px53-89vh-3q6f",
"modified": "2024-09-04T21:30:31Z",
"published": "2024-03-21T06:33:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29864"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/89luca89/distrobox/issues/1275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/89luca89/distrobox/commit/82a69f0a234e73e447d0ea8c8b3443b84fd31944"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PX5R-QW43-PQCC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-31 00:00An authenticated mySCADA myPRO 8.26.0 user may be able to modify parameters to run commands directly in the operating system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2234"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An authenticated mySCADA myPRO 8.26.0 user may be able to modify parameters to run commands directly in the operating system.",
"id": "GHSA-px5r-qw43-pqcc",
"modified": "2022-08-31T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-08-25T00:00:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2234"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-235-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PX82-82WP-3W57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-22 18:31 – Updated: 2024-08-22 18:31An issue was discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting 17.0 to 17.1.6, 17.2 prior to 17.2.4, and 17.3 prior to 17.3.1 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary command in a victim's pipeline through prompt injection.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7110"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-22T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting 17.0 to 17.1.6, 17.2 prior to 17.2.4, and 17.3 prior to 17.3.1 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary command in a victim\u0027s pipeline through prompt injection.",
"id": "GHSA-px82-82wp-3w57",
"modified": "2024-08-22T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2024-08-22T18:31:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/472603"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-PX98-8QFG-FM83
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:19 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:52A vulnerability in the web UI of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system of an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper input sanitization. An attacker who has valid administrative access to an affected device could exploit this vulnerability by supplying a crafted input parameter on a form in the web UI and then submitting that form. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the device, which could lead to complete system compromise.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3211"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-03T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web UI of Cisco IOS XE Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the underlying operating system of an affected device. The vulnerability is due to improper input sanitization. An attacker who has valid administrative access to an affected device could exploit this vulnerability by supplying a crafted input parameter on a form in the web UI and then submitting that form. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges on the device, which could lead to complete system compromise.",
"id": "GHSA-px98-8qfg-fm83",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:52:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:19:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3211"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-web-cmdinj4-S2TmH7GA"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.