CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-35HV-J72M-JMFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-09 09:31 – Updated: 2024-10-09 09:31In linkturbonative service, there is a possible command injection due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39438"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-09T07:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In linkturbonative service, there is a possible command injection due to improper input validation. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-35hv-j72m-jmfm",
"modified": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"published": "2024-10-09T09:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1843898270204624897"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-35JH-R3H4-6JHM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-06 16:05 – Updated: 2025-08-12 21:44lodash versions prior to 4.17.21 are vulnerable to Command Injection via the template function.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash-es"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash.template"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "lodash-template"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "lodash-rails"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.17.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-23337"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-31T23:59:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-15T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "`lodash` versions prior to 4.17.21 are vulnerable to Command Injection via the template function.",
"id": "GHSA-35jh-r3h4-6jhm",
"modified": "2025-08-12T21:44:24Z",
"published": "2021-05-06T16:05:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23337"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lodash/lodash/commit/3469357cff396a26c363f8c1b5a91dde28ba4b1c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-LODASH-1040724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-1074929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSBOWERGITHUBLODASH-1074931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSBOWER-1074928"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARS-1074930"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGFUJIONWEBJARS-1074932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210312-0006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/lodash-rails/CVE-2021-23337.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lodash/lodash/blob/ddfd9b11a0126db2302cb70ec9973b66baec0975/lodash.js#L14851"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/lodash/lodash"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-637483.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Command Injection in lodash"
}
GHSA-363H-22W6-HCRM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-19 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:33Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-59689"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T20:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Libraesva ESG 4.5 through 5.5.x before 5.5.7 allows command injection via a compressed e-mail attachment. For ESG 5.0 a fix has been released in 5.0.31. For ESG 5.1 a fix has been released in 5.1.20. For ESG 5.2 a fix has been released in 5.2.31. For ESG 5.4 a fix has been released in 5.4.8. For ESG 5.5. a fix has been released in 5.5.7.",
"id": "GHSA-363h-22w6-hcrm",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:33:20Z",
"published": "2025-09-19T21:31:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.libraesva.com/knowledgebase/security-advisory-command-injection-vulnerability-cve-2025-59689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-59689"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.libraesva.com/security-blog"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-364W-FGC6-8XR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-01 09:30 – Updated: 2023-03-10 21:30Authenticated remote command injection vulnerabilities exist in the ArubaOS web-based management interface. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities result in the ability to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system. This allows an attacker to fully compromise the underlying operating system on the device running ArubaOS.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-22761"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-01T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Authenticated remote command injection vulnerabilities exist in the ArubaOS web-based management interface. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities result in the ability to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system. This allows an attacker to fully compromise the underlying operating system on the device running ArubaOS.",
"id": "GHSA-364w-fgc6-8xr3",
"modified": "2023-03-10T21:30:24Z",
"published": "2023-03-01T09:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-22761"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.arubanetworks.com/assets/alert/ARUBA-PSA-2023-002.txt"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3666-CQ3X-QWX9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:16 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:16QNAP has already patched this vulnerability. This security concern allows a remote attacker to run arbitrary commands on the QNAP Video Station 5.1.3 (for QTS 4.3.3), 5.2.0 (for QTS 4.3.4), and earlier.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-13071"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-22T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "QNAP has already patched this vulnerability. This security concern allows a remote attacker to run arbitrary commands on the QNAP Video Station 5.1.3 (for QTS 4.3.3), 5.2.0 (for QTS 4.3.4), and earlier.",
"id": "GHSA-3666-cq3x-qwx9",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:16:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:16:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-13071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/nas-201711-21"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3672-644Q-JCFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-10-08 00:00Multiple camera devices by UDP Technology, Geutebrück and other vendors are vulnerable to command injection, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33551"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-78"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-13T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple camera devices by UDP Technology, Geutebr\u00c3\u00bcck and other vendors are vulnerable to command injection, which may allow an attacker to remotely execute arbitrary code.",
"id": "GHSA-3672-644q-jcfr",
"modified": "2022-10-08T00:00:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33551"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-208-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.randorisec.fr/fr/udp-technology-ip-camera-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-3685-2V7G-3C6V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:33 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:33tdpServer on TP-Link Archer A7 AC1750 devices before 201029 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the slave_mac parameter. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-10882 in which shell quotes are mishandled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28347"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-08T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "tdpServer on TP-Link Archer A7 AC1750 devices before 201029 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via the slave_mac parameter. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2020-10882 in which shell quotes are mishandled.",
"id": "GHSA-3685-2v7g-3c6v",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:33:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:33:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/pull/14365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pedrib/PoC/blob/master/advisories/Pwn2Own/Tokyo_2019/lao_bomb/lao_bomb.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pedrib/PoC/blob/master/advisories/Pwn2Own/Tokyo_2020/minesweeper.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rdomanski/Exploits_and_Advisories/blob/master/advisories/Pwn2Own/Tokyo2019/lao_bomb.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rdomanski/Exploits_and_Advisories/blob/master/advisories/Pwn2Own/Tokyo2020/minesweeper.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-3695-47QV-RC3X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-01-07 18:30Multiple command injection vulnerabilities exist in the web interface of the 501 Wireless Client Bridge which could lead to authenticated remote command execution. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities result in the ability of an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system. Exploitation requires administrative authentication credentials on the host system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54007"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T18:15:20Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple command injection vulnerabilities exist in the web interface of the 501 Wireless Client Bridge which could lead to authenticated remote command execution. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities result in the ability of an attacker to execute arbitrary commands as a privileged user on the underlying operating system. Exploitation requires administrative authentication credentials on the host system.",
"id": "GHSA-3695-47qv-rc3x",
"modified": "2025-01-07T18:30:52Z",
"published": "2025-01-07T18:30:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpesc/public/docDisplay?docId=hpesbnw04763en_us\u0026docLocale=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-369J-MQ74-56G3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-16 09:31 – Updated: 2025-07-16 09:31Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an attacker to inject commands with root privileges on the access point, potentially leading to the loss of confidentiality, integrity, availability, and full control of the access point.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52688"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-16T07:15:23Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Successful exploitation of the vulnerability could allow an attacker to inject commands with root privileges on the access point, potentially leading to the loss of confidentiality, integrity, availability, and full control of the access point.",
"id": "GHSA-369j-mq74-56g3",
"modified": "2025-07-16T09:31:03Z",
"published": "2025-07-16T09:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jro.sg/CVEs/CVE-2025-52688"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.al-enterprise.com/-/media/assets/internet/documents/sa-n0150-omniaccess-stellar-multiple-vulnerabilities.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.csa.gov.sg/alerts-and-advisories/alerts/al-2025-072"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-36J9-MX87-2CFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 20:28 – Updated: 2026-01-13 20:28Summary
The user-provided string depName in the hermit manager is appended to the ./hermit install and ./hermit uninstall commands without proper sanitization.
Details
Adversaries can provide a maliciously named hermit dependency in conjunctions with a tweaked Renovate configuration file to trick Renovate to execute arbitrary code.
All values added to the packagesToInstall and packagesToUninstall variables in lib/modules/manager/hermit/artifacts.ts are not being escaped using the quote function from the shlex package.
This lack of proper sanitization for installing packages has been present in the product since the introduction of the hermit manager in version 32.135.0 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/b696abb3c2741508fbb4029f39153140a3722e1e), released on July 30 of 2022.
In version 37.199.1 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/eaec10d7c8afadbdd783ac47bd2adbfab444d6df) some use of the quote function from the shlex package was added, but not in a way that usefully prevented this arbitrary code injection vulnerability.
When support for replacements was introduced with version 37.214.4 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/41e8b99f86a6e2a56f80f7aa1a08a59d76f2358c), the same faulty approach was replicated for uninstalling packages.
PoC
- Create a git repo with the following content:
renovate.json5:
{
$schema: "https://docs.renovatebot.com/renovate-schema.json",
customDatasources: {
always: {
defaultRegistryUrlTemplate: "https://docs.renovatebot.com/search/search_index.json",
transformTemplates: ['{"releases":[{"version":"99999.0.0"}]}'],
},
},
packageRules: [
{
// Target of the day
matchManagers: ["hermit"],
// Trick the manager in believing there's a new version
overrideDatasource: "custom.always",
},
],
}
bin/hermit:
#!/bin/bash
#
# THIS FILE IS GENERATED; DO NOT MODIFY
set -eo pipefail
export HERMIT_USER_HOME=~
if [ -z "${HERMIT_STATE_DIR}" ]; then
case "$(uname -s)" in
Darwin)
export HERMIT_STATE_DIR="${HERMIT_USER_HOME}/Library/Caches/hermit"
;;
Linux)
export HERMIT_STATE_DIR="${XDG_CACHE_HOME:-${HERMIT_USER_HOME}/.cache}/hermit"
;;
esac
fi
export HERMIT_DIST_URL="${HERMIT_DIST_URL:-https://github.com/cashapp/hermit/releases/download/stable}"
HERMIT_CHANNEL="$(basename "${HERMIT_DIST_URL}")"
export HERMIT_CHANNEL
export HERMIT_EXE=${HERMIT_EXE:-${HERMIT_STATE_DIR}/pkg/hermit@${HERMIT_CHANNEL}/hermit}
if [ ! -x "${HERMIT_EXE}" ]; then
echo "Bootstrapping ${HERMIT_EXE} from ${HERMIT_DIST_URL}" 1>&2
INSTALL_SCRIPT="$(mktemp)"
# This value must match that of the install script
INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256="09ed936378857886fd4a7a4878c0f0c7e3d839883f39ca8b4f2f242e3126e1c6"
if [ "${INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256}" = "BYPASS" ]; then
curl -fsSL "${HERMIT_DIST_URL}/install.sh" -o "${INSTALL_SCRIPT}"
else
# Install script is versioned by its sha256sum value
curl -fsSL "${HERMIT_DIST_URL}/install-${INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256}.sh" -o "${INSTALL_SCRIPT}"
# Verify install script's sha256sum
openssl dgst -sha256 "${INSTALL_SCRIPT}" | \
awk -v EXPECTED="$INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256" \
'$2!=EXPECTED {print "Install script sha256 " $2 " does not match " EXPECTED; exit 1}'
fi
/bin/bash "${INSTALL_SCRIPT}" 1>&2
fi
exec "${HERMIT_EXE}" --level=fatal exec "$0" -- "$@"
bin/.|| kill 1 ||@0.0.1.pkg (symlink):
A symlink to hermit
- Run Renovate against the repo from a Docker container. Notice that the process terminates without reporting "Repository finished", because the ACI vulnerability allowed for execution of
kill 1, terminating the root process of the container.
[!NOTE] This specific proof of concept was made a lot simpler with the introduction of the
overrideDatasourceconfiguration since version 38.120.0 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/a70a6a376d31148e80be5a5c885ac33ff5ddb30c), released on October 12 of 2024, because it means that there is no more need for a proper response from an actual hermit-packages repository during resolution.
Impact
TThis is a Arbitrary Command Injection vulnerability, allowing those with write access on repositories configured to be scanned by Renovate to cause the execution of commands of their choice on the machine that runs Renovate.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "renovate"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "32.135.0"
},
{
"fixed": "40.33.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-13T20:28:41Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nThe user-provided string `depName` in the `hermit` manager is appended to the `./hermit install` and `./hermit uninstall` commands without proper sanitization.\n\n### Details\nAdversaries can provide a maliciously named hermit dependency in conjunctions with a tweaked Renovate configuration file to trick Renovate to execute arbitrary code.\nAll values added to the `packagesToInstall` and `packagesToUninstall` variables in [lib/modules/manager/hermit/artifacts.ts](https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/blob/41e8b99f86a6e2a56f80f7aa1a08a59d76f2358c/lib/modules/manager/hermit/artifacts.ts) are not being escaped using the `quote` function from the `shlex` package.\nThis lack of proper sanitization for installing packages has been present in the product since the introduction of the hermit manager in version 32.135.0 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/b696abb3c2741508fbb4029f39153140a3722e1e), released on July 30 of 2022.\nIn version 37.199.1 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/eaec10d7c8afadbdd783ac47bd2adbfab444d6df) some use of the `quote` function from the `shlex` package was added, but not in a way that usefully prevented this arbitrary code injection vulnerability.\nWhen support for replacements was introduced with version 37.214.4 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/41e8b99f86a6e2a56f80f7aa1a08a59d76f2358c), the same faulty approach was replicated for uninstalling packages.\n\n### PoC\n1. Create a git repo with the following content:\n\n`renovate.json5`:\n\n```json5\n{\n $schema: \"https://docs.renovatebot.com/renovate-schema.json\",\n customDatasources: {\n always: {\n defaultRegistryUrlTemplate: \"https://docs.renovatebot.com/search/search_index.json\",\n transformTemplates: [\u0027{\"releases\":[{\"version\":\"99999.0.0\"}]}\u0027],\n },\n },\n packageRules: [\n {\n // Target of the day\n matchManagers: [\"hermit\"],\n // Trick the manager in believing there\u0027s a new version\n overrideDatasource: \"custom.always\",\n },\n ],\n}\n\n```\n\n\n`bin/hermit`:\n\n```bash\n#!/bin/bash\n#\n# THIS FILE IS GENERATED; DO NOT MODIFY\n\nset -eo pipefail\n\nexport HERMIT_USER_HOME=~\n\nif [ -z \"${HERMIT_STATE_DIR}\" ]; then\n case \"$(uname -s)\" in\n Darwin)\n export HERMIT_STATE_DIR=\"${HERMIT_USER_HOME}/Library/Caches/hermit\"\n ;;\n Linux)\n export HERMIT_STATE_DIR=\"${XDG_CACHE_HOME:-${HERMIT_USER_HOME}/.cache}/hermit\"\n ;;\n esac\nfi\n\nexport HERMIT_DIST_URL=\"${HERMIT_DIST_URL:-https://github.com/cashapp/hermit/releases/download/stable}\"\nHERMIT_CHANNEL=\"$(basename \"${HERMIT_DIST_URL}\")\"\nexport HERMIT_CHANNEL\nexport HERMIT_EXE=${HERMIT_EXE:-${HERMIT_STATE_DIR}/pkg/hermit@${HERMIT_CHANNEL}/hermit}\n\nif [ ! -x \"${HERMIT_EXE}\" ]; then\n echo \"Bootstrapping ${HERMIT_EXE} from ${HERMIT_DIST_URL}\" 1\u003e\u00262\n INSTALL_SCRIPT=\"$(mktemp)\"\n # This value must match that of the install script\n INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256=\"09ed936378857886fd4a7a4878c0f0c7e3d839883f39ca8b4f2f242e3126e1c6\"\n if [ \"${INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256}\" = \"BYPASS\" ]; then\n curl -fsSL \"${HERMIT_DIST_URL}/install.sh\" -o \"${INSTALL_SCRIPT}\"\n else\n # Install script is versioned by its sha256sum value\n curl -fsSL \"${HERMIT_DIST_URL}/install-${INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256}.sh\" -o \"${INSTALL_SCRIPT}\"\n # Verify install script\u0027s sha256sum\n openssl dgst -sha256 \"${INSTALL_SCRIPT}\" | \\\n awk -v EXPECTED=\"$INSTALL_SCRIPT_SHA256\" \\\n \u0027$2!=EXPECTED {print \"Install script sha256 \" $2 \" does not match \" EXPECTED; exit 1}\u0027\n fi\n /bin/bash \"${INSTALL_SCRIPT}\" 1\u003e\u00262\nfi\n\nexec \"${HERMIT_EXE}\" --level=fatal exec \"$0\" -- \"$@\"\n\n```\n\n\n`bin/.|| kill 1 ||@0.0.1.pkg` (symlink):\n\nA symlink to `hermit`\n\n2. Run Renovate against the repo from a Docker container. Notice that the process terminates without reporting \"Repository finished\", because the ACI vulnerability allowed for execution of `kill 1`, terminating the root process of the container.\n\n\u003e [!NOTE]\n\u003e This specific proof of concept was made a lot simpler with the introduction of the `overrideDatasource` configuration since version 38.120.0 (https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/commit/a70a6a376d31148e80be5a5c885ac33ff5ddb30c), released on October 12 of 2024, because it means that there is no more need for a proper response from an actual hermit-packages repository during resolution.\n\n### Impact\nTThis is a Arbitrary Command Injection vulnerability, allowing those with write access on repositories configured to be scanned by Renovate to cause the execution of commands of their choice on the machine that runs Renovate.",
"id": "GHSA-36j9-mx87-2cff",
"modified": "2026-01-13T20:28:41Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T20:28:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate/security/advisories/GHSA-36j9-mx87-2cff"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/renovatebot/renovate"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Renovate vulnerable to arbitrary command injection via hermit manager and maliciously named dependencies"
}
Mitigation
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.