Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-77
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
5383 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2023-47562 (GCVE-0-2023-47562)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:05 – Updated: 2025-05-07 20:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Photo Station
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect Photo Station. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated users to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:
Photo Station 6.4.2 ( 2023/12/15 ) and later
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | Photo Station |
Affected:
6.4.x , < 6.4.2 ( 2023/12/15 )
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-47560 (GCVE-0-2023-47560)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-05 16:18 – Updated: 2025-06-17 20:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
QuMagie
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QuMagie. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated users to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following version:
QuMagie 2.2.1 and later
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuMagie |
Affected:
2.2.x , < 2.2.1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-47218 (GCVE-0-2023-47218)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-13 02:44 – Updated: 2025-05-07 21:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.5.2645 build 20240116 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.5.2647 build 20240118 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.5.2645 build 20240116
(custom)
Unaffected: 4.x |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.5.2647 build 20240118
(custom)
Unaffected: h4.x |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-46687 (GCVE-0-2023-46687)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-09 03:49 – Updated: 2025-06-17 21:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Emerson Rosemount GC370XA, GC700XA, GC1500XA Command Injection
Summary
In Emerson Rosemount GC370XA, GC700XA, and GC1500XA products, an unauthenticated user with network access could execute arbitrary commands in root context from a remote computer.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Command Injection
Assigner
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emerson | Rosemount GC370XA |
Affected:
0 , ≤ Version 4.1.5
(custom)
|
|
| Emerson | Rosemount GC700XA |
Affected:
0 , ≤ Version 4.1.5
(custom)
|
|
| Emerson | Rosemount GC1500XA |
Affected:
0 , ≤ Version 4.1.5
(custom)
|
Date Public
2024-01-30 17:00
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CVE-2023-45025 (GCVE-0-2023-45025)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:05 – Updated: 2025-06-16 18:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow users to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QTS 4.5.4.2627 build 20231225 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTS hero h4.5.4.2626 build 20231225 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
Affected: 4.5.x , < 4.5.4.2627 build 20231225 (custom) |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
Affected: h4.5.x , < h4.5.4.2626 build 20231225 (custom) |
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
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CVE-2023-43477 (GCVE-0-2023-43477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-20 12:41 – Updated: 2024-09-24 19:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Post-Auth Command Injection in Telstra Smart Modem Gen 2 (Arcadyan LH1000)
Summary
The ping_from parameter of ping_tracerte.cgi in the web UI of Telstra Smart Modem Gen 2 (Arcadyan LH1000), firmware versions < 0.18.15r, was not properly sanitized before being used in a system call, which could allow an authenticated attacker to achieve command injection as root on the device.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Telstra | Smart Modem Gen 2 (Arcadyan LH1000) |
Affected:
0 , < 0.18.15r
(custom)
|
|
| telstra | arcadyan_lh1000 |
Affected:
0 , < 0.18.15r
(custom)
cpe:2.3:h:telstra:arcadyan_lh1000:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-42810 (GCVE-0-2023-42810)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-09-21 17:11 – Updated: 2024-09-24 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
systeminformation SSID Command Injection Vulnerability
Summary
systeminformation is a System Information Library for Node.JS. Versions 5.0.0 through 5.21.6 have a SSID Command Injection Vulnerability. The problem was fixed with a parameter check in version 5.21.7. As a workaround, check or sanitize parameter strings that are passed to `wifiConnections()`, `wifiNetworks()` (string only).
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/sebhildebrandt/systeminformati… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://systeminformation.io/security.html | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sebhildebrandt | systeminformation |
Affected:
>= 5.0.0, < 5.21.7
|
|
| systeminformation | systeminformation |
Affected:
5.0.0 , < 5.21.7
(custom)
cpe:2.3:a:systeminformation:systeminformation:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:* |
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CVE-2023-42136 (GCVE-0-2023-42136)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-01-15 13:28 – Updated: 2024-10-10 15:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
PAX Android based POS devices with PayDroid_8.1.0_Sagittarius_V11.1.50_20230614 or earlier can allow the execution of arbitrary commands with system account privilege by shell injection starting with a specific word.
The attacker must have shell access to the device in order to exploit this vulnerability.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://ppn.paxengine.com/release/development | vendor-advisory |
| https://blog.stmcyber.com/pax-pos-cves-2023/ | technical-description |
| https://cert.pl/en/posts/2024/01/CVE-2023-4818/ | third-party-advisory |
| https://cert.pl/posts/2024/01/CVE-2023-4818/ | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PAX Technology | POS terminals |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 11.1.50_20230614
(custom)
|
|
| paxtechnology | paydroid |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 8.1.0_sagittarius_11.1.50_20230614
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:paxtechnology:paydroid:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2024-01-15 11:00
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CVE-2023-41334 (GCVE-0-2023-41334)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-18 18:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
astropy vulnerable to RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function
Summary
Astropy is a project for astronomy in Python that fosters interoperability between Python astronomy packages. Version 5.3.2 of the Astropy core package is vulnerable to remote code execution due to improper input validation in the `TranformGraph().to_dot_graph` function. A malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to the `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`. Although an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully. Version 5.3.3 fixes this issue.
Severity
8.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d9880… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| astropy | astropy |
Affected:
= 5.3.2
|
|
| astropy_project | astropy |
Affected:
5.3.2
cpe:2.3:a:astropy_project:astropy:5.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2023-41283 (GCVE-0-2023-41283)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-02 16:04 – Updated: 2024-09-06 17:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
QTS, QuTS hero, QuTScloud
Summary
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. If exploited, the vulnerability could allow authenticated administrators to execute commands via a network.
We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions:
QTS 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTS hero h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128 and later
QuTScloud c5.1.5.2651 and later
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
5.1.x , < 5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTS hero |
Affected:
h5.1.x , < h5.1.4.2596 build 20231128
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QuTScloud |
Affected:
c5.x.x , < c5.1.5.2651
(custom)
|
|
| qnap | qts |
Affected:
5.1.0 , < 5.1.4.2596_build 20231128
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qts:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| qnap | quts_hero |
Affected:
5.1.0 , < 5.1.4.2596_build 20231128
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:quts_hero:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| qnap | qutscloud |
Affected:
5.0.0 , < 5.1.5.2651
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:qnap:qutscloud:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
Mitigation
Implementation
If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Operation
Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Assign permissions that prevent the user from accessing/opening privileged files.
CAPEC-136: LDAP Injection
An attacker manipulates or crafts an LDAP query for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some applications use user input to create LDAP queries that are processed by an LDAP server. For example, a user might provide their username during authentication and the username might be inserted in an LDAP query during the authentication process. An attacker could use this input to inject additional commands into an LDAP query that could disclose sensitive information. For example, entering a * in the aforementioned query might return information about all users on the system. This attack is very similar to an SQL injection attack in that it manipulates a query to gather additional information or coerce a particular return value.
CAPEC-15: Command Delimiters
An attack of this type exploits a programs' vulnerabilities that allows an attacker's commands to be concatenated onto a legitimate command with the intent of targeting other resources such as the file system or database. The system that uses a filter or denylist input validation, as opposed to allowlist validation is vulnerable to an attacker who predicts delimiters (or combinations of delimiters) not present in the filter or denylist. As with other injection attacks, the attacker uses the command delimiter payload as an entry point to tunnel through the application and activate additional attacks through SQL queries, shell commands, network scanning, and so on.
CAPEC-183: IMAP/SMTP Command Injection
An adversary exploits weaknesses in input validation on web-mail servers to execute commands on the IMAP/SMTP server. Web-mail servers often sit between the Internet and the IMAP or SMTP mail server. User requests are received by the web-mail servers which then query the back-end mail server for the requested information and return this response to the user. In an IMAP/SMTP command injection attack, mail-server commands are embedded in parts of the request sent to the web-mail server. If the web-mail server fails to adequately sanitize these requests, these commands are then sent to the back-end mail server when it is queried by the web-mail server, where the commands are then executed. This attack can be especially dangerous since administrators may assume that the back-end server is protected against direct Internet access and therefore may not secure it adequately against the execution of malicious commands.
CAPEC-248: Command Injection
An adversary looking to execute a command of their choosing, injects new items into an existing command thus modifying interpretation away from what was intended. Commands in this context are often standalone strings that are interpreted by a downstream component and cause specific responses. This type of attack is possible when untrusted values are used to build these command strings. Weaknesses in input validation or command construction can enable the attack and lead to successful exploitation.
CAPEC-40: Manipulating Writeable Terminal Devices
This attack exploits terminal devices that allow themselves to be written to by other users. The attacker sends command strings to the target terminal device hoping that the target user will hit enter and thereby execute the malicious command with their privileges. The attacker can send the results (such as copying /etc/passwd) to a known directory and collect once the attack has succeeded.
CAPEC-43: Exploiting Multiple Input Interpretation Layers
An attacker supplies the target software with input data that contains sequences of special characters designed to bypass input validation logic. This exploit relies on the target making multiples passes over the input data and processing a "layer" of special characters with each pass. In this manner, the attacker can disguise input that would otherwise be rejected as invalid by concealing it with layers of special/escape characters that are stripped off by subsequent processing steps. The goal is to first discover cases where the input validation layer executes before one or more parsing layers. That is, user input may go through the following logic in an application: <parser1> --> <input validator> --> <parser2>. In such cases, the attacker will need to provide input that will pass through the input validator, but after passing through parser2, will be converted into something that the input validator was supposed to stop.
CAPEC-75: Manipulating Writeable Configuration Files
Generally these are manually edited files that are not in the preview of the system administrators, any ability on the attackers' behalf to modify these files, for example in a CVS repository, gives unauthorized access directly to the application, the same as authorized users.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.