Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-770
AllowedAllocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product allocates a reusable resource or group of resources on behalf of an actor without imposing any intended restrictions on the size or number of resources that can be allocated.
4204 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-20431 (GCVE-0-2026-20431)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-07 03:25 – Updated: 2026-04-07 12:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to a logic error. This could lead to remote denial of service, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01106496; Issue ID: MSV-4467.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-07 12:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
- CWE-noinfo Not enough information
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT6813
Affected: MT6815 Affected: MT6835 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6986 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8668 Affected: MT8676 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8755 Affected: MT8775 Affected: MT8792 Affected: MT8793 Affected: MT8863 Affected: MT8873 Affected: MT8883 |
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CVE-2026-20406 (GCVE-0-2026-20406)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-02 08:14 – Updated: 2026-03-30 13:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to an uncaught exception. This could lead to remote denial of service, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01726634; Issue ID: MSV-5728.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-17 14:13 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MediaTek, Inc. | MediaTek chipset |
Affected:
MT2735
Affected: MT2737 Affected: MT6813 Affected: MT6815 Affected: MT6833 Affected: MT6835 Affected: MT6853 Affected: MT6855 Affected: MT6858 Affected: MT6873 Affected: MT6875 Affected: MT6877 Affected: MT6878 Affected: MT6879 Affected: MT6880 Affected: MT6883 Affected: MT6885 Affected: MT6886 Affected: MT6889 Affected: MT6890 Affected: MT6891 Affected: MT6893 Affected: MT6895 Affected: MT6896 Affected: MT6897 Affected: MT6899 Affected: MT6980 Affected: MT6983 Affected: MT6985 Affected: MT6986 Affected: MT6989 Affected: MT6990 Affected: MT6991 Affected: MT6993 Affected: MT8668 Affected: MT8673 Affected: MT8675 Affected: MT8676 Affected: MT8678 Affected: MT8755 Affected: MT8771 Affected: MT8791 Affected: MT8791T Affected: MT8792 Affected: MT8793 Affected: MT8795T Affected: MT8797 Affected: MT8798 Affected: MT8863 Affected: MT8873 Affected: MT8883 Affected: MT8893 |
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CVE-2026-20216 (GCVE-0-2026-20216)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 16:27 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ClamAV InstallShield File Format Processing Resource Exhaustion Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the InstallShield file format parser of ClamAV could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause a DoS condition on an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper handling of temporary resources during file scanning. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by submitting a crafted InstallShield file to be scanned by ClamAV on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to terminate the ClamAV scanning process and temporarily consume available system resources, resulting in a DoS condition on the affected software.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-01 17:18 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Endpoint |
Affected:
7.0.5
Affected: 6.2.19 Affected: 7.3.3 Affected: 7.2.13 Affected: 6.1.5 Affected: 6.3.1 Affected: 6.2.5 Affected: 7.3.5 Affected: 6.2.1 Affected: 7.2.7 Affected: 7.1.1 Affected: 6.3.5 Affected: 6.2.9 Affected: 7.3.1 Affected: 6.1.7 Affected: 7.2.11 Affected: 7.2.3 Affected: 7.1.5 Affected: 6.3.3 Affected: 7.3.9 Affected: 6.2.3 Affected: 6.1.9 Affected: 6.0.9 Affected: 7.2.5 Affected: 6.0.7 Affected: 6.3.7 Affected: 1.12.3 Affected: 1.8.0 Affected: 1.11.1 Affected: 1.12.4 Affected: 1.10.0 Affected: 1.12.0 Affected: 1.8.1 Affected: 1.10.1 Affected: 1.12.1 Affected: 1.12.6 Affected: 1.14.0 Affected: 1.10.2 Affected: 1.12.7 Affected: 1.12.2 Affected: 1.6.0 Affected: 1.9.0 Affected: 1.11.0 Affected: 1.7.0 Affected: 1.13.0 Affected: 1.8.4 Affected: 1.13.1 Affected: 1.9.1 Affected: 1.12.5 Affected: 1.13.2 Affected: 8.1.7.21512 Affected: 8.1.7 Affected: 8.1.5 Affected: 8.1.3.21242 Affected: 8.1.3 Affected: 8.1.5.21322 Affected: 8.1.7.21417 Affected: 1.14.1 Affected: 1.15.1 Affected: 1.15.2 Affected: 1.15.3 Affected: 1.15.4 Affected: 1.15.5 Affected: 1.15.6 Affected: 1.16.0 Affected: 1.16.1 Affected: 1.16.2 Affected: 1.16.3 Affected: 1.18.0 Affected: 1.18.1 Affected: 1.20.0 Affected: 1.21.0 Affected: 1.21.1 Affected: 1.21.2 Affected: 1.21.3 Affected: 1.22.0 Affected: 1.22.1 Affected: 1.22.2 Affected: 1.22.3 Affected: 1.22.4 Affected: 1.24.0 Affected: 1.24.1 Affected: 1.24.2 Affected: 1.24.3 Affected: 1.24.4 Affected: 1.26.0 Affected: 1.24.5 Affected: 1.26.1 Affected: 1.27.0 Affected: 1.15.0 Affected: 1.17.0 Affected: 1.17.1 Affected: 1.17.2 Affected: 1.19.0 Affected: 1.20.1 Affected: 1.20.2 Affected: 1.20.3 Affected: 1.20.4 Affected: 1.20.5 Affected: 1.20.6 Affected: 1.23.0 Affected: 1.23.1 Affected: 1.20.7 Affected: 1.20.8 Affected: 1.25.0 Affected: 1.25.1 Affected: 1.25.2 Affected: 1.27.1 Affected: 1.27.2 Affected: 7.3.13 Affected: 7.3.15 Affected: 7.4.1 Affected: 7.4.1.20425 Affected: 7.4.1.20439 Affected: 7.4.3 Affected: 7.4.3.20679 Affected: 7.4.5 Affected: 7.5.1.20813 Affected: 7.5.1.20833 Affected: 7.5.3 Affected: 7.5.5 Affected: 8.0.1.21160 Affected: 8.0.1.21164 Affected: 7.5.7 Affected: 7.5.9 Affected: 7.5.11 Affected: 8.1.7.21585 Affected: 7.5.13.21586 Affected: 7.5.13.21598 Affected: 8.2.1.21612 Affected: 8.2.1.21650 Affected: 7.5.15.21611 Affected: 7.5.17.21680 Affected: 8.2.3.30119 Affected: 8.2.4.30130 Affected: 8.4.0 Affected: 7.5.19 Affected: 8.4.1.30298 Affected: 8.4.2.30317 Affected: 8.4.1.30307 Affected: 7.5.20 Affected: 8.4.3 Affected: 8.4.4.30419 Affected: 8.4.4.30467 Affected: 7.5.21.21732 Affected: 8.4.5.30483 |
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CVE-2026-20177 (GCVE-0-2026-20177)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-19 16:16 – Updated: 2026-08-20 15:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Industrial Ethernet 1000 Series Switches Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the handling of management plane packets by Cisco Industrial Ethernet (IE) 1000 Series Switches could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to cause the device manager, SSH, or API to become inaccessible.This vulnerability is due to insufficient protection against management plane flooding attacks. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a high rate of ICMP, SSH, or HTTP traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the CPU of the device to increase, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition on the device manager web GUI, SSH, or API. Data traffic through the device is not affected.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-20 15:39 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switches |
Affected:
1.1
Affected: 1.2 Affected: 1.8.0 Affected: 1.8.2 Affected: 1.7.0 Affected: 1.3 Affected: 1.9.1 Affected: 1.6 Affected: 1.8.1 Affected: 1.9.2 Affected: 1.9.2a Affected: 1.9.3 Affected: 1.9.4 Affected: 1.9.5 |
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CVE-2026-20173 (GCVE-0-2026-20173)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 16:12 – Updated: 2026-10-07 17:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco NX-OS Software Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in Cisco NX-OS Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to exhaust system resources, causing a denial of service (DoS) condition.
This vulnerability exists because rate limiting was improperly applied to some protocols. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a high rate of UDP or TCP connections to a data plane interface on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause instability to various routing and control plane protocols through some packet loss and temporary disruptions, causing a DoS condition. This DoS condition will clear without manual intervention soon after the high rate of traffic is stopped.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 17:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco NX-OS Software |
Affected:
8.2(5)
Affected: 7.3(5)D1(1) Affected: 8.4(2) Affected: 8.4(3) Affected: 9.2(3) Affected: 9.2(2v) Affected: 7.3(4)D1(1) Affected: 8.2(1) Affected: 9.2(1) Affected: 9.2(2t) Affected: 9.2(3y) Affected: 9.3(2) Affected: 8.1(1) Affected: 8.2(2) Affected: 8.3(2) Affected: 7.3(2)D1(3a) Affected: 9.2(4) Affected: 8.1(2) Affected: 7.3(3)D1(1) Affected: 8.2(3) Affected: 8.4(1) Affected: 7.3(0)DX(1) Affected: 7.3(2)D1(1) Affected: 9.3(1) Affected: 7.3(2)D1(2) Affected: 8.2(4) Affected: 9.3(1z) Affected: 9.2(2) Affected: 8.1(2a) Affected: 7.3(2)D1(3) Affected: 8.3(1) Affected: 7.3(1)D1(1) Affected: 7.3(0)D1(1) Affected: 9.3(3) Affected: 7.3(2)D1(1d) Affected: 9.3(4) Affected: 7.3(6)D1(1) Affected: 8.2(6) Affected: 9.3(5) Affected: 9.3(6) Affected: 8.4(4) Affected: 7.3(7)D1(1) Affected: 9.3(5w) Affected: 8.2(7) Affected: 9.3(7) Affected: 9.3(7k) Affected: 7.3(8)D1(1) Affected: 9.3(7a) Affected: 8.2(7a) Affected: 9.3(8) Affected: 8.4(4a) Affected: 8.4(5) Affected: 8.2(8) Affected: 9.3(9) Affected: 7.3(9)D1(1) Affected: 8.4(6) Affected: 9.3(10) Affected: 8.2(9) Affected: 10.3(1) Affected: 8.4(7) Affected: 10.3(2) Affected: 8.4(6a) Affected: 9.3(11) Affected: 10.3(3) Affected: 8.2(10) Affected: 9.3(12) Affected: 10.4(1) Affected: 8.4(8) Affected: 10.3(99w) Affected: 10.3(3w) Affected: 10.3(99x) Affected: 10.3(3o) Affected: 8.4(9) Affected: 10.3(4) Affected: 10.3(3p) Affected: 10.3(4a) Affected: 10.4(2) Affected: 10.3(3q) Affected: 9.3(13) Affected: 8.2(11) Affected: 10.3(5) Affected: 10.4(3) Affected: 10.3(3x) Affected: 10.3(4g) Affected: 10.5(1) Affected: 8.4(10) Affected: 10.3(3r) Affected: 10.3(6) Affected: 9.3(14) Affected: 10.4(4) Affected: 10.3(4h) Affected: 10.5(2) Affected: 8.4(11) Affected: 10.3(7) Affected: 10.4(5) Affected: 10.5(3) Affected: 9.3(15) Affected: 10.4(4g) Affected: 10.5(4) Affected: 8.4(12) Affected: 10.5(3t) Affected: 10.3(8) Affected: 10.4(6) Affected: 10.5(3s) Affected: 10.5(3e) Affected: 10.5(3o) Affected: 9.3(16) Affected: 10.5(3p) Affected: 10.4(7) Affected: 10.5(5) Affected: 9.3(17) |
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"title": "Cisco NX-OS Software Denial of Service Vulnerability"
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},
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"dateReserved": "2025-10-08T11:59:15.392Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T17:42:39.672Z",
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GCVE-1-2026-20158 (CVE-2026-92003)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-09-15 11:43 – Updated: 2026-09-15 11:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP Unthrottled Authentication Failure Log Writes Enable Resource Exhaustion
Summary
Affected versions of MISP do not consistently apply the existing authentication-failure logging throttle.
Two API authentication failure branches wrote directly to the Log model:
- API requests with no authentication key;
- requests supplying an API key with an incorrect length
Unlike other authentication failures, these paths bypassed _shouldLog(), so every request could create another durable auth_fail entry.
Version affected: ≤2.5.45
Severity
CWE
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/2bf887433 | patch |
GCVE extensions
AI-generated
Confidence: medium
Model
qwen3.8:27b
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-09-15 11:37 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/2bf887433.patch
db6f78e69079… - Confidence
- medium
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
2bf887433651
|
fix: [logging] Throttle the two unguarded auth_fail writes | db6f78e69079… |
Fix summary
The fix applies the existing hourly per-key log throttle to the two previously unguarded authentication-failure log writes. The throttle key is now derived from the client's source IP address rather than from caller-supplied input, preventing an attacker from generating unbounded Redis throttle entries. A per-request memo (stored in Configure::read('CurrentRequestAuthFailKeys')) is added to _shouldLog() to prevent duplicate log entries when beforeFilter() executes a second time via CakeErrorController on an exception, ensuring one request produces at most one log entry per key regardless of the operator's log_each_individual_auth_fail setting.
Patch summary
In app/Controller/AppController.php: (1) The 'no authkey' branch in beforeFilter() now calls _shouldLog('noauthkey:' . $this->User->_remoteIp()) before writing the log entry. (2) The 'incorrect length' branch in __loginByAuthKey() now calls _shouldLog('badauthkeylength:' . $this->User->_remoteIp()) before writing the log entry. (3) _shouldLog() is refactored to first check a per-request memo array (Configure 'CurrentRequestAuthFailKeys') to suppress duplicate logging across the double beforeFilter() invocation, then evaluate the log_each_individual_auth_fail setting, then fall through to the Redis EXISTS/SETEX 3600-second throttle, and finally record the key in the memo. The Redis-unavailable fallback (log everything) is preserved.
CVSS rationale
The vulnerable paths are reachable over the network (AV:N) with no authentication (PR:N) and no user interaction (UI:N). The attack complexity is low (AC:L): an attacker simply sends repeated HTTP requests to the MISP API without an API key or with a key of the wrong length. No attack target is required (AT:N). There is no impact on confidentiality (VC:N, SC:N) or integrity (VI:N, SI:N). The availability impact is high (VA:H) because unbounded log writes can exhaust database storage, degrade query performance, and ultimately make the MISP instance unavailable. No secondary availability impact (SA:N) is evident from the patch.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-770 Two authentication-failure log write paths lacked any rate-limiting or throttling mechanism, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to generate an unbounded number of database log entries and exhaust storage or I/O resources. The fix adds the missing hourly per-key throttle.
- CWE-400 The unthrottled log writes constitute uncontrolled consumption of database write capacity and disk storage, enabling a denial-of-service condition. CWE-770 is the more specific primary weakness; CWE-400 captures the broader resource-exhaustion impact.
Assumptions to verify
- The tag_version_boundary (v2.5.46, 188 commits after fix) is used as an approximate upper bound for affected versions; the exact fixed release tag is not stated in the patch metadata.
- The log entries are written to a relational database (MySQL/PostgreSQL) via MISP's Log model, based on the createLogEntry() call pattern; the specific backend is not confirmed in the patch.
- The Redis instance used for throttling is assumed to be co-located with the MISP application; a Redis outage degrades to logging everything (fail-open), which is a design choice documented in the patch comments.
- CVSS VA:H assumes that sustained unthrottled log writes can exhaust storage or I/O capacity sufficient to degrade or halt the MISP service; actual impact depends on deployment sizing and disk capacity.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
6 | 9 | medium | 4 |
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}
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"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
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}
],
"title": "MISP Unthrottled Authentication Failure Log Writes Enable Resource Exhaustion",
"x_gcve": [
{
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"subject": "fix: [logging] Throttle the two unguarded auth_fail writes",
"tagVersionBoundary": {
"commits_after_fix": 188,
"repository": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP",
"tag": "v2.5.46",
"version": "2.5.46",
"version_type": "semver"
},
"weaknessRationale": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-770",
"rationale": "Two authentication-failure log write paths lacked any rate-limiting or throttling mechanism, allowing an unauthenticated remote attacker to generate an unbounded number of database log entries and exhaust storage or I/O resources. The fix adds the missing hourly per-key throttle."
},
{
"cweId": "CWE-400",
"rationale": "The unthrottled log writes constitute uncontrolled consumption of database write capacity and disk storage, enabling a denial-of-service condition. CWE-770 is the more specific primary weakness; CWE-400 captures the broader resource-exhaustion impact."
}
]
}
}
},
"recordType": "advisory",
"vulnId": "GCVE-1-2026-20158"
}
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"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-92003",
"datePublished": "2026-09-15T11:43:10.471950Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-15T11:43:17.522Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-15T11:43:17.611571Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED",
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CVE-2026-20103 (GCVE-0-2026-20103)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 17:19 – Updated: 2026-03-04 21:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A vulnerability in the Remote Access SSL VPN functionality of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to exhaust device memory resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition to new Remote Access SSL VPN connections. This does not affect the management interface, though it may become temporarily unresponsive.
This vulnerability is due to trusting user input without validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted packets to the Remote Access SSL VPN server. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device web interface to stop responding, resulting in a DoS condition.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-04 21:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software |
Affected:
9.12.4.48
Affected: 9.12.4.50 Affected: 9.12.4.52 Affected: 9.12.4.54 Affected: 9.12.4.55 Affected: 9.12.4.56 Affected: 9.12.4.58 Affected: 9.12.4.62 Affected: 9.12.4.65 Affected: 9.12.4.67 Affected: 9.16.3.15 Affected: 9.16.3.19 Affected: 9.16.3.23 Affected: 9.16.4 Affected: 9.16.4.9 Affected: 9.16.4.14 Affected: 9.16.4.19 Affected: 9.16.4.27 Affected: 9.16.4.38 Affected: 9.16.4.39 Affected: 9.16.4.42 Affected: 9.16.4.48 Affected: 9.16.4.55 Affected: 9.16.4.57 Affected: 9.16.4.61 Affected: 9.16.4.62 Affected: 9.16.4.67 Affected: 9.16.4.70 Affected: 9.16.4.71 Affected: 9.16.4.76 Affected: 9.16.4.82 Affected: 9.16.4.84 Affected: 9.17.1.20 Affected: 9.17.1.30 Affected: 9.17.1.33 Affected: 9.17.1.39 Affected: 9.17.1.45 Affected: 9.17.1.46 Affected: 9.18.1.3 Affected: 9.18.2 Affected: 9.18.2.5 Affected: 9.18.2.7 Affected: 9.18.2.8 Affected: 9.18.3 Affected: 9.18.3.39 Affected: 9.18.3.46 Affected: 9.18.3.53 Affected: 9.18.3.55 Affected: 9.18.3.56 Affected: 9.18.4 Affected: 9.18.4.5 Affected: 9.18.4.8 Affected: 9.18.4.22 Affected: 9.18.4.24 Affected: 9.18.4.29 Affected: 9.18.4.34 Affected: 9.18.4.40 Affected: 9.18.4.47 Affected: 9.18.4.50 Affected: 9.18.4.52 Affected: 9.18.4.53 Affected: 9.18.4.57 Affected: 9.19.1 Affected: 9.19.1.5 Affected: 9.19.1.9 Affected: 9.19.1.12 Affected: 9.19.1.18 Affected: 9.19.1.22 Affected: 9.19.1.24 Affected: 9.19.1.27 Affected: 9.19.1.28 Affected: 9.19.1.31 Affected: 9.19.1.37 Affected: 9.19.1.38 Affected: 9.19.1.42 Affected: 9.20.1 Affected: 9.20.1.5 Affected: 9.20.2 Affected: 9.20.2.10 Affected: 9.20.2.21 Affected: 9.20.2.22 Affected: 9.20.3 Affected: 9.20.3.4 Affected: 9.20.3.7 Affected: 9.20.3.9 Affected: 9.20.3.10 Affected: 9.20.3.13 Affected: 9.20.3.16 Affected: 9.20.3.20 Affected: 9.22.1.1 Affected: 9.22.1.3 Affected: 9.22.1.2 Affected: 9.22.1.6 Affected: 9.22.2 Affected: 9.22.2.4 Affected: 9.23.1 Affected: 9.23.1.3 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software |
Affected:
6.4.0.16
Affected: 6.4.0.17 Affected: 6.4.0.18 Affected: 7.0.4 Affected: 7.0.5 Affected: 7.0.6 Affected: 7.0.6.1 Affected: 7.0.6.2 Affected: 7.0.6.3 Affected: 7.0.7 Affected: 7.0.8 Affected: 7.0.8.1 Affected: 7.1.0.3 Affected: 7.2.1 Affected: 7.2.2 Affected: 7.2.3 Affected: 7.2.4 Affected: 7.2.4.1 Affected: 7.2.5 Affected: 7.2.5.1 Affected: 7.2.6 Affected: 7.2.7 Affected: 7.2.5.2 Affected: 7.2.8 Affected: 7.2.8.1 Affected: 7.2.9 Affected: 7.2.10 Affected: 7.2.10.2 Affected: 7.3.0 Affected: 7.3.1 Affected: 7.3.1.1 Affected: 7.3.1.2 Affected: 7.4.0 Affected: 7.4.1 Affected: 7.4.1.1 Affected: 7.4.2 Affected: 7.4.2.1 Affected: 7.4.2.2 Affected: 7.4.2.3 Affected: 7.4.2.4 Affected: 7.6.0 Affected: 7.6.1 Affected: 7.6.2 Affected: 7.6.2.1 Affected: 7.7.0 Affected: 7.7.10 Affected: 7.7.10.1 |
{
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"versions": [
{
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"version": "9.12.4.48"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.12.4.50"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.12.4.52"
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.12.4.58"
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.12.4.65"
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{
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"version": "9.12.4.67"
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{
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.3.23"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.9"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.14"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.19"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.27"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.38"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.39"
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.48"
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{
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{
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.61"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.62"
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{
"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.70"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.71"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.76"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.82"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.16.4.84"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.17.1.20"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.17.1.30"
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{
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{
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{
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"version": "9.17.1.45"
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{
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"version": "9.17.1.46"
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{
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"version": "9.18.1.3"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.2"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.2.5"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.2.7"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.2.8"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3.39"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3.46"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3.53"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3.55"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.3.56"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.5"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.8"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.22"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.24"
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"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.34"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.40"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.47"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.50"
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"version": "9.18.4.52"
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{
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.18.4.57"
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{
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"version": "9.19.1"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.5"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.9"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.12"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.18"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.22"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.24"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.27"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.28"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.31"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.37"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.38"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.19.1.42"
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{
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{
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{
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.2.10"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.2.21"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.2.22"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.7"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.9"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.10"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.13"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.16"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.20.3.20"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.22.1.1"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.22.1.3"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "9.22.1.2"
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{
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"version": "9.22.1.6"
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{
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"vendor": "Cisco",
"versions": [
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"status": "affected",
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{
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{
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"status": "affected",
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{
"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.0.8"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.1.0.3"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.1"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.2"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.9"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.10"
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"status": "affected",
"version": "7.2.10.2"
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{
"status": "affected",
"version": "7.3.0"
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"version": "7.3.1.1"
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"version": "7.4.0"
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability in the Remote Access SSL VPN functionality of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to exhaust device memory resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition to new Remote Access SSL VPN connections. This does not affect the management interface, though it may become temporarily unresponsive. \r\n\r This vulnerability is due to trusting user input without validation. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted packets to the Remote Access SSL VPN server. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the device web interface to stop responding, resulting in a DoS condition."
}
],
"exploits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerabilities that are described in this advisory."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.6,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "cvssV3_1"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
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"description": "Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling",
"lang": "en",
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}
]
}
],
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"orgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
"shortName": "cisco"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "cisco-sa-asaftd-vpn-m9sx6MbC",
"url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asaftd-vpn-m9sx6MbC"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "cisco-sa-asaftd-vpn-m9sx6MbC",
"defects": [
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],
"discovery": "INTERNAL"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
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"assignerShortName": "cisco",
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"datePublished": "2026-03-04T17:19:36.377Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-08T11:59:15.371Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-04T21:36:10.914Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
GCVE-1-2026-20096 (CVE-2026-78321)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-24 08:45 – Updated: 2026-08-24 08:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DJI Drone HTTP Media Server Denial of Service via Connection Pool Exhaustion
Summary
The HTTP media server on DJI drones does not enforce sufficient limits on incoming connections or request rates. An attacker with access to the drone's internal network can exhaust the server's connection pool by repeatedly requesting a stored media file, preventing the server from handling legitimate requests and causing a denial of service that prevents the DJI Fly application from retrieving photos and videos from the aircraft in QuickTransfer mode.
Affected models are DJI Neo until 01.00.0400, DJI Neo 2 until 01.00.0500, DJI Flip until 01.00.1200, DJI Air 3 until 01.00.1600, DJI Air 3S until 01.00.1400, DJI Avata 2 until 01.00.0400, DJI Avata 360 until 01.00.0300, DJI Mavic 3 until 01.00.1400, DJI Mavic 3 Classic until 01.00.0800, DJI Mavic 3 Pro until 01.01.0700, DJI Mavic 4 Pro until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 2 until 01.07.0200, DJI Mini 3 until 01.00.0500, DJI Mini 3 Pro until 01.00.0900, DJI Mini 4 Pro until 01.00.1100, and DJI Mini 5 Pro until 01.00.0600.
Remediation requires a firmware update from the vendor.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://support.dji.com/help/content?customId=en-… | product |
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DJI | Neo |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0400,
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Neo 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Flip |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1200
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Air 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1600
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Air 3S |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Avata 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Avata 360 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0300
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1400
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 Classic |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0800
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 3 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.01.0700
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mavic 4 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 2 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.07.0200,
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 3 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0500
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 3 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0900
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 4 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.1100
(semver)
|
|
| DJI | Mini 5 Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 01.00.0600
(semver)
|
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GCVE-1-2026-20093 (CVE-2026-86452)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-09-07 13:03 – Updated: 2026-09-14 06:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MISP Unauthenticated Mail Endpoints Allow Unbounded Storage Consumption and Request Flooding
Summary
Affected versions of MISP permit unauthenticated or weakly constrained request paths to perform persistent work without adequate input bounds or rate limiting.
The users/forgot password-reset endpoint accepted an attacker-controlled email value without first imposing a reasonable length bound or validating its format. That value was then used to create an audit log entry and queue a password-reset job, causing the supplied value to be persisted more than once per request. The commit explicitly states that an unbounded unauthenticated request field was stored twice per call with no throttle.
The fix adds:
- a maximum email input length of 1024 bytes;
- email-format validation before persistent work;
- a per-source pre-authentication request budget;
- HTTP 429 responses when that budget is exceeded;
- a 15-minute cooldown for API-access request emails;
- POST-only handling and CSRF protection for the API-access request endpoint.
The new flood filter is specifically intended to limit persistent storage costs from anonymous requests such as password resets, registrations, and failed REST authentication attempts.
Version affected: ≤2.5.45
Severity
CWE
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/d75d899be | patch |
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GCVE-1-2026-20064 (CVE-2026-69079)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-03 09:20 – Updated: 2026-08-03 09:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unauthenticated Denial of Service via Unbounded Activity-Timeline Range in CTI-Transmute
Summary
CTI-Transmute contains an uncontrolled resource-consumption vulnerability in the unauthenticated /activity_timeline endpoint. The endpoint accepts a user-controlled days query parameter that was not restricted to a reasonable range.
A remote, unauthenticated attacker could submit an excessively large value for this parameter, causing the application to retrieve and process activity data over an arbitrarily large period. This could consume excessive database, CPU, or memory resources, delay the processing of concurrent requests, or trigger an internal server error. Repeated requests could further degrade the availability of the CTI-Transmute website.
The vulnerability is corrected by clamping the requested timeline range to a minimum of one day and a maximum of 1,095 days.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/cti-transmute/commit/3218… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| misp | cti-transmute |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.4.0
(semver)
|
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-69079",
"datePublished": "2026-08-03T09:20:06.797951Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-03T09:20:23.702Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-03T09:20:23.777077Z",
"requesterUserId": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
"serial": 1,
"state": "PUBLISHED",
"vulnId": "gcve-1-2026-20064"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation
Requirements
Clearly specify the minimum and maximum expectations for capabilities, and dictate which behaviors are acceptable when resource allocation reaches limits.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Limit the amount of resources that are accessible to unprivileged users. Set per-user limits for resources. Allow the system administrator to define these limits. Be careful to avoid CWE-410.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Design throttling mechanisms into the system architecture. The best protection is to limit the amount of resources that an unauthorized user can cause to be expended. A strong authentication and access control model will help prevent such attacks from occurring in the first place, and it will help the administrator to identify who is committing the abuse. The login application should be protected against DoS attacks as much as possible. Limiting the database access, perhaps by caching result sets, can help minimize the resources expended. To further limit the potential for a DoS attack, consider tracking the rate of requests received from users and blocking requests that exceed a defined rate threshold.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Mitigation of resource exhaustion attacks requires that the target system either:
- The first of these solutions is an issue in itself though, since it may allow attackers to prevent the use of the system by a particular valid user. If the attacker impersonates the valid user, they may be able to prevent the user from accessing the server in question.
- The second solution can be difficult to effectively institute -- and even when properly done, it does not provide a full solution. It simply requires more resources on the part of the attacker.
- recognizes the attack and denies that user further access for a given amount of time, typically by using increasing time delays
- uniformly throttles all requests in order to make it more difficult to consume resources more quickly than they can again be freed.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that protocols have specific limits of scale placed on them.
Mitigation MIT-38.1
Architecture and Design
Implementation
- If the program must fail, ensure that it fails gracefully (fails closed). There may be a temptation to simply let the program fail poorly in cases such as low memory conditions, but an attacker may be able to assert control before the software has fully exited. Alternately, an uncontrolled failure could cause cascading problems with other downstream components; for example, the program could send a signal to a downstream process so the process immediately knows that a problem has occurred and has a better chance of recovery.
- Ensure that all failures in resource allocation place the system into a safe posture.
Mitigation MIT-47
Operation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Resource Limitation
- Use quotas or other resource-limiting settings provided by the operating system or environment. For example, when managing system resources in POSIX, setrlimit() can be used to set limits for certain types of resources, and getrlimit() can determine how many resources are available. However, these functions are not available on all operating systems.
- When the current levels get close to the maximum that is defined for the application (see CWE-770), then limit the allocation of further resources to privileged users; alternately, begin releasing resources for less-privileged users. While this mitigation may protect the system from attack, it will not necessarily stop attackers from adversely impacting other users.
- Ensure that the application performs the appropriate error checks and error handling in case resources become unavailable (CWE-703).
CAPEC-125: Flooding
An adversary consumes the resources of a target by rapidly engaging in a large number of interactions with the target. This type of attack generally exposes a weakness in rate limiting or flow. When successful this attack prevents legitimate users from accessing the service and can cause the target to crash. This attack differs from resource depletion through leaks or allocations in that the latter attacks do not rely on the volume of requests made to the target but instead focus on manipulation of the target's operations. The key factor in a flooding attack is the number of requests the adversary can make in a given period of time. The greater this number, the more likely an attack is to succeed against a given target.
CAPEC-130: Excessive Allocation
An adversary causes the target to allocate excessive resources to servicing the attackers' request, thereby reducing the resources available for legitimate services and degrading or denying services. Usually, this attack focuses on memory allocation, but any finite resource on the target could be the attacked, including bandwidth, processing cycles, or other resources. This attack does not attempt to force this allocation through a large number of requests (that would be Resource Depletion through Flooding) but instead uses one or a small number of requests that are carefully formatted to force the target to allocate excessive resources to service this request(s). Often this attack takes advantage of a bug in the target to cause the target to allocate resources vastly beyond what would be needed for a normal request.
CAPEC-147: XML Ping of the Death
An attacker initiates a resource depletion attack where a large number of small XML messages are delivered at a sufficiently rapid rate to cause a denial of service or crash of the target. Transactions such as repetitive SOAP transactions can deplete resources faster than a simple flooding attack because of the additional resources used by the SOAP protocol and the resources necessary to process SOAP messages. The transactions used are immaterial as long as they cause resource utilization on the target. In other words, this is a normal flooding attack augmented by using messages that will require extra processing on the target.
CAPEC-197: Exponential Data Expansion
An adversary submits data to a target application which contains nested exponential data expansion to produce excessively large output. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. However, this capability can be abused to create excessive demands on a processor's CPU and memory. A small number of nested expansions can result in an exponential growth in demands on memory.
CAPEC-229: Serialized Data Parameter Blowup
This attack exploits certain serialized data parsers (e.g., XML, YAML, etc.) which manage data in an inefficient manner. The attacker crafts an serialized data file with multiple configuration parameters in the same dataset. In a vulnerable parser, this results in a denial of service condition where CPU resources are exhausted because of the parsing algorithm. The weakness being exploited is tied to parser implementation and not language specific.
CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads
Applications often need to transform data in and out of a data format (e.g., XML and YAML) by using a parser. It may be possible for an adversary to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the parser when it is being processed. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. By nesting these structures, causing the data to be repeatedly substituted, an adversary can cause the parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization.
CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads
An adversary injects oversized serialized data payloads into a parser during data processing to produce adverse effects upon the parser such as exhausting system resources and arbitrary code execution.
CAPEC-469: HTTP DoS
An attacker performs flooding at the HTTP level to bring down only a particular web application rather than anything listening on a TCP/IP connection. This denial of service attack requires substantially fewer packets to be sent which makes DoS harder to detect. This is an equivalent of SYN flood in HTTP. The idea is to keep the HTTP session alive indefinitely and then repeat that hundreds of times. This attack targets resource depletion weaknesses in web server software. The web server will wait to attacker's responses on the initiated HTTP sessions while the connection threads are being exhausted.
CAPEC-482: TCP Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using the TCP protocol with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a service. These attacks exploit the weakness within the TCP protocol where there is some state information for the connection the server needs to maintain. This often involves the use of TCP SYN messages.
CAPEC-486: UDP Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using the UDP protocol with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a service by consuming the available network bandwidth. Additionally, firewalls often open a port for each UDP connection destined for a service with an open UDP port, meaning the firewalls in essence save the connection state thus the high packet nature of a UDP flood can also overwhelm resources allocated to the firewall. UDP attacks can also target services like DNS or VoIP which utilize these protocols. Additionally, due to the session-less nature of the UDP protocol, the source of a packet is easily spoofed making it difficult to find the source of the attack.
CAPEC-487: ICMP Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using the ICMP protocol with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a service by consuming the available network bandwidth. A typical attack involves a victim server receiving ICMP packets at a high rate from a wide range of source addresses. Additionally, due to the session-less nature of the ICMP protocol, the source of a packet is easily spoofed making it difficult to find the source of the attack.
CAPEC-488: HTTP Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using the HTTP protocol with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a service by consuming resources at the application layer such as web services and their infrastructure. These attacks use legitimate session-based HTTP GET requests designed to consume large amounts of a server's resources. Since these are legitimate sessions this attack is very difficult to detect.
CAPEC-489: SSL Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using the SSL protocol with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a service by consuming all the available resources on the server side. These attacks take advantage of the asymmetric relationship between the processing power used by the client and the processing power used by the server to create a secure connection. In this manner the attacker can make a large number of HTTPS requests on a low provisioned machine to tie up a disproportionately large number of resources on the server. The clients then continue to keep renegotiating the SSL connection. When multiplied by a large number of attacking machines, this attack can result in a crash or loss of service to legitimate users.
CAPEC-490: Amplification
An adversary may execute an amplification where the size of a response is far greater than that of the request that generates it. The goal of this attack is to use a relatively few resources to create a large amount of traffic against a target server. To execute this attack, an adversary send a request to a 3rd party service, spoofing the source address to be that of the target server. The larger response that is generated by the 3rd party service is then sent to the target server. By sending a large number of initial requests, the adversary can generate a tremendous amount of traffic directed at the target. The greater the discrepancy in size between the initial request and the final payload delivered to the target increased the effectiveness of this attack.
CAPEC-491: Quadratic Data Expansion
An adversary exploits macro-like substitution to cause a denial of service situation due to excessive memory being allocated to fully expand the data. The result of this denial of service could cause the application to freeze or crash. This involves defining a very large entity and using it multiple times in a single entity substitution. CAPEC-197 is a similar attack pattern, but it is easier to discover and defend against. This attack pattern does not perform multi-level substitution and therefore does not obviously appear to consume extensive resources.
CAPEC-493: SOAP Array Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a web service that uses SOAP messages in communication. By sending a very large SOAP array declaration to the web service, the attacker forces the web service to allocate space for the array elements before they are parsed by the XML parser. The attacker message is typically small in size containing a large array declaration of say 1,000,000 elements and a couple of array elements. This attack targets exhaustion of the memory resources of the web service.
CAPEC-494: TCP Fragmentation
An adversary may execute a TCP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of avoiding filtering rules of network controls, by attempting to fragment the TCP packet such that the headers flag field is pushed into the second fragment which typically is not filtered.
CAPEC-495: UDP Fragmentation
An attacker may execute a UDP Fragmentation attack against a target server in an attempt to consume resources such as bandwidth and CPU. IP fragmentation occurs when an IP datagram is larger than the MTU of the route the datagram has to traverse. Typically the attacker will use large UDP packets over 1500 bytes of data which forces fragmentation as ethernet MTU is 1500 bytes. This attack is a variation on a typical UDP flood but it enables more network bandwidth to be consumed with fewer packets. Additionally it has the potential to consume server CPU resources and fill memory buffers associated with the processing and reassembling of fragmented packets.
CAPEC-496: ICMP Fragmentation
An attacker may execute a ICMP Fragmentation attack against a target with the intention of consuming resources or causing a crash. The attacker crafts a large number of identical fragmented IP packets containing a portion of a fragmented ICMP message. The attacker these sends these messages to a target host which causes the host to become non-responsive. Another vector may be sending a fragmented ICMP message to a target host with incorrect sizes in the header which causes the host to hang.
CAPEC-528: XML Flood
An adversary may execute a flooding attack using XML messages with the intent to deny legitimate users access to a web service. These attacks are accomplished by sending a large number of XML based requests and letting the service attempt to parse each one. In many cases this type of an attack will result in a XML Denial of Service (XDoS) due to an application becoming unstable, freezing, or crashing.