Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-674

Allowed-with-Review

Uncontrolled Recursion

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product does not properly control the amount of recursion that takes place, consuming excessive resources, such as allocated memory or the program stack.

740 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-41311 (GCVE-0-2026-41311)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 04:03 – Updated: 2026-05-11 15:04
VLAI
Title
LiquidJS is vulnerable to Denial of Service via circular block reference in layout
Summary
LiquidJS is a Shopify / GitHub Pages compatible template engine in pure JavaScript. Prior to version 10.25.7, a circular block reference in {% layout %} / {% block %} causes an infinite recursive loop, consuming all available memory (~4GB) and crashing the Node.js process with FATAL ERROR: JavaScript heap out of memory. This allows any user who can submit a Liquid template to perform a Denial of Service attack. This issue has been patched in version 10.25.7.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 15:04 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
harttle liquidjs Affected: < 10.25.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40989 (GCVE-0-2026-40989)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 17:49 – Updated: 2026-06-01 19:35
VLAI
Title
Self Routing guard bypassed via function composition
Summary
Under infinite recursion in the routing layer, request-handling can cause OOM error. Affected Spring Products and Versions: Spring Cloud Function 3.2.x: versions prior to 3.2.16 Spring Cloud Function 4.1.x: versions prior to 4.1.10 Spring Cloud Function 4.2.x: versions prior to 4.2.6 Spring Cloud Function 4.3.x: versions prior to 4.3.3 Spring Cloud Function 5.0.x: versions prior to 5.0.2 Older, unsupported versions are also affected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-01 19:34 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Spring Spring Cloud Function Affected: 3.2.0 , < 3.2.16 (custom)
Affected: 4.1.0 , < 4.1.10 (custom)
Affected: 4.2.0 , < 4.2.6 (custom)
Affected: 4.3.0 , < 4.3.3 (custom)
Affected: 5.0.0 , < 5.0.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40879 (GCVE-0-2026-40879)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 19:14 – Updated: 2026-04-21 19:38
VLAI
Title
Nest: DoS via Recursive handleData in JsonSocket (TCP Transport)
Summary
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. Prior to 11.1.19, when an attacker sends many small, valid JSON messages in one TCP frame, handleData() recurses once per message; the buffer shrinks each call. maxBufferSize is never reached; call stack overflows instead. A ~47 KB payload is sufficient to trigger RangeError. This vulnerability is fixed in 11.1.19.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 19:37 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nestjs nest Affected: < 11.1.19
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40612 (GCVE-0-2026-40612)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 17:16 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:23
VLAI
Title
jq: Stack overflow via unbounded recursion in jv_contains
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. In 1.8.1 and earlier, jv_contains recurses into nested arrays/objects with no depth limit. With a sufficiently nested input structure (built programmatically with reduce, since the JSON parser caps at depth 10000), the C stack is exhausted.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-11 18:23 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jqlang jq Affected: <= 1.8.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40345 (GCVE-0-2026-40345)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 16:33 – Updated: 2026-08-21 16:28
VLAI
Title
deepmerge-ts: Stack exhaustion when merging recursive object graphs
Summary
deepmerge-ts is a typescript library providing functionality to deep merging of javascript objects. Prior to 8.0.0, the deepmerge, deepmergeCustom, deepmergeInto, and deepmergeIntoCustom APIs do not track visited objects or object pairs when recursively merging records. When two input values contain self-references at the same property path, the merge logic repeatedly revisits the same pair until Node.js raises RangeError: Maximum call stack size exceeded. Applications that merge attacker-controlled recursive object graphs can synchronously crash the affected process or cause repeated worker restarts. Plain JSON input alone cannot create the recursive graph required to trigger the issue. This issue is fixed in version 8.0.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 16:27 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40324 (GCVE-0-2026-40324)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 23:05 – Updated: 2026-04-20 16:16
VLAI
Title
Hot Chocolate's Utf8GraphQLParser has Stack Overflow via Deeply Nested GraphQL Documents
Summary
Hot Chocolate is an open-source GraphQL server. Prior to versions 12.22.7, 13.9.16, 14.3.1, and 15.1.14, Hot Chocolate's recursive descent parser `Utf8GraphQLParser` has no recursion depth limit. A crafted GraphQL document with deeply nested selection sets, object values, list values, or list types can trigger a `StackOverflowException` on payloads as small as 40 KB. Because `StackOverflowException` is uncatchable in .NET (since .NET 2.0), the entire worker process is terminated immediately. All in-flight HTTP requests, background `IHostedService` tasks, and open WebSocket subscriptions on that worker are dropped. The orchestrator (Kubernetes, IIS, etc.) must restart the process. This occurs before any validation rules run — `MaxExecutionDepth`, complexity analyzers, persisted query allow-lists, and custom `IDocumentValidatorRule` implementations cannot intercept the crash because `Utf8GraphQLParser.Parse` is invoked before validation. The `MaxAllowedFields=2048` limit does not help because the crashing payloads contain very few fields. The fix in versions 12.22.7, 13.9.16, 14.3.1, and 15.1.14 adds a `MaxAllowedRecursionDepth` option to `ParserOptions` with a safe default, and enforces it across all recursive parser methods (`ParseSelectionSet`, `ParseValueLiteral`, `ParseObject`, `ParseList`, `ParseTypeReference`, etc.). When the limit is exceeded, a catchable `SyntaxException` is thrown instead of overflowing the stack. There is no application-level workaround. `StackOverflowException` cannot be caught in .NET. The only mitigation is to upgrade to a patched version. Operators can reduce (but not eliminate) risk by limiting HTTP request body size at the reverse proxy or load balancer layer, though the smallest crashing payload (40 KB) is well below most default body size limits and is highly compressible (~few hundred bytes via gzip).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-20 16:14 UTC
CWE
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ChilliCream graphql-platform Affected: < 12.22.7
Affected: >= 13.0.0, < 13.9.16
Affected: >= 14.0.0, < 14.3.1
Affected: >= 15.0.0, < 15.1.14
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-40007 (GCVE-0-2026-40007)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 07:12 – Updated: 2026-07-10 14:54
VLAI
Title
Apache IoTDB: Unauthenticated unbounded recursion in IoTDB AirGap receiver's E-language prefix parser causes per-connection StackOverflowError
Summary
Uncontrolled Recursion, Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Apache IoTDB. When pipe_air_gap_receiver_enabled=true, the IoTDB AirGap receiver's readLength method calls itself recursively each time it recognises the E-language prefix in socket data, with no depth limit. An unauthenticated attacker can send a stream of repeated E-language prefixes that drives the recursion arbitrarily deep, exhausting the receiver thread's JVM stack and raising StackOverflowError. This issue affects Apache IoTDB: from 1.0.0 before 2.0.10. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.10, which fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 14:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache IoTDB Affected: 1.0.0 , < 2.0.10 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-39396 (GCVE-0-2026-39396)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 00:44 – Updated: 2026-04-21 19:49
VLAI
Title
OpenBao has Decompression Bomb via Unbounded Copy in OCI Plugin Extraction (DoS)
Summary
OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. Prior to version 2.5.3, `ExtractPluginFromImage()` in OpenBao's OCI plugin downloader extracts a plugin binary from a container image by streaming decompressed tar data via `io.Copy` with no upper bound on the number of bytes written. An attacker who controls or compromises the OCI registry referenced in the victim's configuration can serve a crafted image containing a decompression bomb that decompresses to an arbitrarily large file. The SHA256 integrity check occurs after the full file is written to disk, meaning the hash mismatch is detected only after the damage (disk exhaustion) has already occurred. This allow the attacker to replace **legit plugin image** with no need to change its signature. Version 2.5.3 contains a patch.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 15:57 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
  • CWE-770 - Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openbao openbao Affected: < 2.5.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-39376 (GCVE-0-2026-39376)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-07 19:46 – Updated: 2026-04-08 19:22
VLAI
Title
FastFeedParser has an infinite redirect loop DoS via meta-refresh chain
Summary
FastFeedParser is a high performance RSS, Atom and RDF parser. Prior to 0.5.10, when parse() fetches a URL that returns an HTML page containing a <meta http-equiv="refresh"> tag, it recursively calls itself with the redirect URL — with no depth limit, no visited-URL deduplication, and no redirect count cap. An attacker-controlled server that returns an infinite chain of HTML meta-refresh responses causes unbounded recursion, exhausting the Python call stack and crashing the process. This vulnerability can also be chained with the companion SSRF issue to reach internal network targets after bypassing the initial URL check. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.5.10.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-08 19:17 UTC
CWE
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
kagisearch fastfeedparser Affected: < 0.5.10
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-38755 (GCVE-0-2026-38755)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 00:00 – Updated: 2026-07-20 15:30
VLAI
Summary
A heap overflow in the evalcommand() function (shell/ash.c) of Busybox v1.38.0 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via supplying a crafted input.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-16 15:19 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-674 - Uncontrolled Recursion
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
BusyBox BusyBox Affected: 0.52 , ≤ 1.38.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:busybox:busybox:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that an end condition will be reached under all logic conditions. The end condition may include checking against the depth of recursion and exiting with an error if the recursion goes too deep. The complexity of the end condition contributes to the effectiveness of this action.

Mitigation
Implementation

Increase the stack size.

CAPEC-230: Serialized Data with Nested Payloads

Applications often need to transform data in and out of a data format (e.g., XML and YAML) by using a parser. It may be possible for an adversary to inject data that may have an adverse effect on the parser when it is being processed. Many data format languages allow the definition of macro-like structures that can be used to simplify the creation of complex structures. By nesting these structures, causing the data to be repeatedly substituted, an adversary can cause the parser to consume more resources while processing, causing excessive memory consumption and CPU utilization.

CAPEC-231: Oversized Serialized Data Payloads

An adversary injects oversized serialized data payloads into a parser during data processing to produce adverse effects upon the parser such as exhausting system resources and arbitrary code execution.