CWE-639
Weakness AllowedAuthorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.
One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Maintenance
As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.
Content history
Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type
updated Description
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updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships
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updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences
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updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships
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updated Detection_Factors, Relationships
updated Mapping_Notes
updated Observed_Examples
updated Demonstrative_Examples
updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References
updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction
5662 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-49FM-7W64-4WQC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-29 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-29 18:31Teable before 2026-06-15T04-43-24Z.1912 contains an improper access control vulnerability that allows anonymous attackers to access hidden field data by supplying arbitrary field IDs in the projection parameter of the share view records endpoint. Attackers can enumerate hidden field IDs from share metadata and specify them in projection parameters to read field values that are intended to be restricted from public view.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-56781"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-29T18:16:38Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Teable before 2026-06-15T04-43-24Z.1912 contains an improper access control vulnerability that allows anonymous attackers to access hidden field data by supplying arbitrary field IDs in the projection parameter of the share view records endpoint. Attackers can enumerate hidden field IDs from share metadata and specify them in projection parameters to read field values that are intended to be restricted from public view.",
"id": "GHSA-49fm-7w64-4wqc",
"modified": "2026-06-29T18:31:55Z",
"published": "2026-06-29T18:31:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56781"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/teableio/teable/issues/3335"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/teableio/teable/pull/3353"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/teableio/teable/releases/tag/release.2026-06-15T04-43-24Z.1912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/teable-unauthenticated-hidden-field-disclosure-via-projection-parameter-override"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-49PJ-M3FF-PG2M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-09 21:31 – Updated: 2024-04-09 21:31The Watu Quiz plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.1 via the watu-userinfo shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to extract sensitive user meta data which can include session tokens and user emails.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-09T19:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Watu Quiz plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.4.1 via the watu-userinfo shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to extract sensitive user meta data which can include session tokens and user emails.",
"id": "GHSA-49pj-m3ff-pg2m",
"modified": "2024-04-09T21:31:57Z",
"published": "2024-04-09T21:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3036986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/acc261eb-fafa-4e9d-b7ab-a449f14a7638?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-49Q9-J3MM-WGH5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-20 12:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 21:31n8n before 2.34.1 and 2.33.4 contains an authorization bypass in the custom project role deletion (reassignment) path. When deleting a custom project role with a reassignment target, the code validated only that the target role existed and was project-scoped, performing no project-level authorization check. A user holding only the narrow role:manageProject global scope could delete any custom project role in use on the instance and reassign its holders (including themselves) to the built-in project:admin role, gaining full administrative control of projects they had no legitimate access to.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-77079"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-08-20T12:16:39Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "n8n before 2.34.1 and 2.33.4 contains an authorization bypass in the custom project role deletion (reassignment) path. When deleting a custom project role with a reassignment target, the code validated only that the target role existed and was project-scoped, performing no project-level authorization check. A user holding only the narrow role:manageProject global scope could delete any custom project role in use on the instance and reassign its holders (including themselves) to the built-in project:admin role, gaining full administrative control of projects they had no legitimate access to.",
"id": "GHSA-49q9-j3mm-wgh5",
"modified": "2026-09-01T21:31:20Z",
"published": "2026-08-20T12:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-xhmh-8fgr-xqhj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-77079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-authorization-bypass-via-custom-role-deletion"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-49RF-M9Q2-2XM2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-15 21:36 – Updated: 2026-10-15 21:36The EnergizeLab Eilik NestJS auth service accepts a user-controlled user ID in account update requests (mass assignment). A registered user can set another account's identifier and take over that account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-105040"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-15T21:17:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The EnergizeLab Eilik NestJS auth service accepts a user-controlled user ID in account update requests (mass assignment). A registered user can set another account\u0027s identifier and take over that account.",
"id": "GHSA-49rf-m9q2-2xm2",
"modified": "2026-10-15T21:36:14Z",
"published": "2026-10-15T21:36:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-105040"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xn0tsa/your-secrets-are-safe-with-me"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://takeonme.org/gcves/GCVE-1337-2026-00000000000000011111111111111111111000000000000000000011111101001111111110000000000000000000011111111111111111111000000000000010100"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.theverge.com/tech/1010727/eiliko-robot-hack-energize-lab"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-49RG-27PR-85F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-21 03:32 – Updated: 2026-10-21 03:32Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 contains an improper authorization vulnerability that allows holders of lower-trust environment API keys to cancel other environments' deployments because DeploymentService.getDeployment scopes lookups by projectId only. Attackers with a dev, preview, or CI secret key can POST to the deployment cancel endpoint to cancel in-progress production deployments within the same project.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-114079"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-21T01:17:32Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Trigger.dev before 4.5.6 contains an improper authorization vulnerability that allows holders of lower-trust environment API keys to cancel other environments\u0027 deployments because DeploymentService.getDeployment scopes lookups by projectId only. Attackers with a dev, preview, or CI secret key can POST to the deployment cancel endpoint to cancel in-progress production deployments within the same project.",
"id": "GHSA-49rg-27pr-85f9",
"modified": "2026-10-21T03:32:22Z",
"published": "2026-10-21T03:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/triggerdotdev/trigger.dev/security/advisories/GHSA-4672-hwv6-gq62"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-114079"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/trigger-dev-before-4.5.6-cross-environment-deployment-cancel-via-cancel-endpoint"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C29-J43W-VG8G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-28 21:31 – Updated: 2026-10-28 21:31A flaw was found in ai-gateway-payload-processing. An authenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by submitting a request specifying another tenant's model identifier in the request body or header. Because the service does not verify authorization before retrieving credentials from the shared store, it injects the target tenant's application programming interface (API) keys into the request. This flaw allows an attacker to perform unauthorized requests and consume another tenant's large language model (LLM) resources and quotas.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-117574"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-28T20:17:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in ai-gateway-payload-processing. An authenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by submitting a request specifying another tenant\u0027s model identifier in the request body or header. Because the service does not verify authorization before retrieving credentials from the shared store, it injects the target tenant\u0027s application programming interface (API) keys into the request. This flaw allows an attacker to perform unauthorized requests and consume another tenant\u0027s large language model (LLM) resources and quotas.",
"id": "GHSA-4c29-j43w-vg8g",
"modified": "2026-10-28T21:31:17Z",
"published": "2026-10-28T21:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-117574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-117574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2494861"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C48-V482-R632
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-07-09 12:30A BOLA vulnerability in GET, PUT, DELETE /appointments/{appointmentId} allows a low privileged user to fetch, modify or delete an appointment of any user (including admin). This results in unauthorized access and unauthorized data manipulation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-38049"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T11:15:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A BOLA vulnerability in GET, PUT, DELETE /appointments/{appointmentId} allows a low privileged user to fetch, modify or delete an appointment of any user (including admin). This results in unauthorized access and unauthorized data manipulation.",
"id": "GHSA-4c48-v482-r632",
"modified": "2024-07-09T12:30:56Z",
"published": "2024-07-09T12:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-38049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/alextselegidis/easyappointments"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C8F-3M6H-M56R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-01 17:21Gitea versions before 1.25.5 allow a user to change another user's primary email address.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "code.gitea.io/gitea"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.25.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-27657"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-01T17:21:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T21:16:58Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Gitea versions before 1.25.5 allow a user to change another user\u0027s primary email address.",
"id": "GHSA-4c8f-3m6h-m56r",
"modified": "2026-09-01T17:21:17Z",
"published": "2026-07-03T21:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-27657"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36586"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/commit/8d26ea93738430a57d00c2da0fd97e1ba712eed7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/commit/e927a86586afc138959b462d4040d1547f406f71"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.gitea.com/release-of-1.25.5"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/releases/tag/v1.25.5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Gitea primary email ownership bypass allows cross-user email changes"
}
GHSA-4CG4-G3G8-QXPG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-16 18:34 – Updated: 2026-10-16 18:34LingGuo-Drama through commit 8a6924a contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows registered users to access other users' projects because projects.Get lacks an owner check. Self-registered attackers can iterate numeric IDs via GET, PUT and DELETE /admin/v1/projects/:id to read, overwrite, reassign or delete any user's short-drama projects.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-111722"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-16T18:17:56Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "LingGuo-Drama through commit 8a6924a contains an insecure direct object reference vulnerability that allows registered users to access other users\u0027 projects because projects.Get lacks an owner check. Self-registered attackers can iterate numeric IDs via GET, PUT and DELETE /admin/v1/projects/:id to read, overwrite, reassign or delete any user\u0027s short-drama projects.",
"id": "GHSA-4cg4-g3g8-qxpg",
"modified": "2026-10-16T18:34:57Z",
"published": "2026-10-16T18:34:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-111722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LingGuoAI/LingGuo-Drama/blob/8a6924adf8142678919b4d9a08b9d60c49dcfbed/server/app/http/controllers/admin/v1/projects_controller.go#L173-L198"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LingGuoAI/LingGuo-Drama/blob/8a6924adf8142678919b4d9a08b9d60c49dcfbed/server/app/models/projects/projects_utils.go#L11-L14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LingGuoAI/LingGuo-Drama/blob/8a6924adf8142678919b4d9a08b9d60c49dcfbed/server/routes/admin.go#L26-L31"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackmd.io/@hieuPenguinnn/lingguo-drama-broken-access-control"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/lingguo-drama-through-commit-8a6924a-idor-via-admin-v1-projects-id-api"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CWQ-J7JV-QMWG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-02 00:39 – Updated: 2025-12-02 00:39Summary
An IDOR (Insecure Direct Object Reference) vulnerability in the Grav CMS Admin Panel allows low-privilege users to access sensitive information from other accounts. Although direct account takeover is not possible, admin email addresses and other metadata can be exposed, increasing the risk of phishing, credential stuffing, and social engineering.
Details
- Endpoint:
/admin/accounts/users/{username} - Tested Version: Grav Admin 1.7.48
- Affected Accounts: Authenticated users with 0 privileges (non-privileged accounts)
Description:
Requesting another user’s account details (e.g., /admin/accounts/users/admin) as a low-privilege user returns an HTTP 403 Forbidden response.
However, sensitive information such as the admin’s email address is still present in the response source, specifically in the <title> tag.
system/src/Grav/Common/Flex/Types/Users/UserCollection.php
system/blueprints/flex/user-accounts.yaml
This is a classic IDOR vulnerability, where object references (usernames) are not properly protected from unauthorized enumeration.
PoC
- Log in as a non-privileged user (0-privilege account).
- Access another user’s endpoint, for example:
GET /admin/accounts/users/admin
3. Observe the HTTP 403 Forbidden response.
4. Inspect the page source; sensitive data such as the admin email can be seen in the <title> tag.
PoC Video:
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lY_qwqSkN5sPNmHvXGOk6R1mdIgVt71H/view
Impact
- Type: Information Disclosure via IDOR
- Who is impacted: Low-privilege authenticated users can enumerate other accounts and extract sensitive metadata (admin emails).
- Risk: Exposed information can be used for targeted phishing, credential stuffing, brute-force attacks, or social engineering campaigns.
- Severity Justification: Only a low-privilege account is required, and sensitive metadata is leaked. Arbitrary code execution is not possible, but the information exposure is moderate risk.
Disclosure & CVE Request
- We request a CVE ID for this vulnerability once validated.
-
Please credit the discovery to:
-
Elvin Nuruyev
- Kanan Farzalili
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "getgrav/grav"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.8.0-beta.27"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-66306"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-639"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-02T00:39:01Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T22:15:50Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## **Summary**\n\nAn **IDOR (Insecure Direct Object Reference)** vulnerability in the Grav CMS Admin Panel allows **low-privilege users to access sensitive information** from other accounts.\nAlthough direct account takeover is not possible, **admin email addresses and other metadata can be exposed**, increasing the risk of phishing, credential stuffing, and social engineering.\n\n---\n\n## **Details**\n\n* **Endpoint:** `/admin/accounts/users/{username}`\n* **Tested Version:** Grav Admin 1.7.48\n* **Affected Accounts:** Authenticated users with **0 privileges** (non-privileged accounts)\n\n**Description:**\nRequesting another user\u2019s account details (e.g., `/admin/accounts/users/admin`) as a low-privilege user returns an HTTP **403 Forbidden** response.\nHowever, sensitive information such as the **admin\u2019s email address** is still present in the **response source**, specifically in the `\u003ctitle\u003e` tag.\n\n**system/src/Grav/Common/Flex/Types/Users/UserCollection.php**\n\u003cimg width=\"700\" height=\"327\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025-08-24 021027\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7e69ae49-d8fc-442f-b00c-9efaec706b2e\" /\u003e\n\n**system/blueprints/flex/user-accounts.yaml**\n\u003cimg width=\"700\" height=\"300\" alt=\"Screenshot 2025-08-24 020521\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/756631c8-d60b-4b84-a08a-2a9c2f81b41f\" /\u003e\n\n\nThis is a classic **IDOR vulnerability**, where object references (usernames) are not properly protected from unauthorized enumeration.\n\n---\n\n## **PoC**\n\n1. Log in as a **non-privileged user** (0-privilege account).\n2. Access another user\u2019s endpoint, for example:\n\n ```\n GET /admin/accounts/users/admin\n ```\n3. Observe the HTTP **403 Forbidden** response.\n4. Inspect the **page source**; sensitive data such as the **admin email** can be seen in the `\u003ctitle\u003e` tag.\n\n**PoC Video:** \n\n[https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lY_qwqSkN5sPNmHvXGOk6R1mdIgVt71H/view](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1lY_qwqSkN5sPNmHvXGOk6R1mdIgVt71H/view)\n\n---\n\n## **Impact**\n\n* **Type:** Information Disclosure via IDOR\n* **Who is impacted:** Low-privilege authenticated users can enumerate other accounts and extract sensitive metadata (admin emails).\n* **Risk:** Exposed information can be used for targeted phishing, credential stuffing, brute-force attacks, or social engineering campaigns.\n* **Severity Justification:** Only a low-privilege account is required, and sensitive metadata is leaked. Arbitrary code execution is not possible, but the information exposure is **moderate risk**.\n\n---\n\n## **Disclosure \u0026 CVE Request**\n\n* We request a **CVE ID** for this vulnerability once validated.\n* Please credit the discovery to:\n\n * **Elvin Nuruyev**\n * **Kanan Farzalili**",
"id": "GHSA-4cwq-j7jv-qmwg",
"modified": "2025-12-02T00:39:01Z",
"published": "2025-12-02T00:39:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisories/GHSA-4cwq-j7jv-qmwg"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66306"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav/commit/b7e1958a6e807ac14919447b60e5204a2ea77f62"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/getgrav/grav"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Grav vulnerable to Information Disclosure via IDOR in Grav Admin Panel"
}
Mitigation
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
Mitigation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
Mitigation
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.