Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-639
Weakness AllowedAuthorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
It is likely that an attacker would have to be an authenticated user in the system. However, the authorization process would not properly check the data access operation to ensure that the authenticated user performing the operation has sufficient entitlements to perform the requested data access, hence bypassing any other authorization checks present in the system.
For example, attackers can look at places where user specific data is retrieved (e.g. search screens) and determine whether the key for the item being looked up is controllable externally. The key may be a hidden field in the HTML form field, might be passed as a URL parameter or as an unencrypted cookie variable, then in each of these cases it will be possible to tamper with the key value.
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.
Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design
REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Architecture and Design
Retrieval of a user record occurs in the system based on some key value that is under user control. The key would typically identify a user-related record stored in the system and would be used to lookup that record for presentation to the user.
Implementation
One manifestation of this weakness is when a system uses sequential or otherwise easily-guessable session IDs that would allow one user to easily switch to another user's session and read/modify their data.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Maintenance
As of CWE 4.20, the relationship between IDOR and BOLA needs to be investigated more closely, including research into how these terms are used in the industry. The CWE team suspects that IDOR can be a part of BOLA, but BOLA expands on the weakness inherent to IDOR in that it is not only about objects that are being directly referenced.
Content history
Submission: Evgeny Lebanidze
· Cigital
· 2008-01-30
· CWE Draft 8
Contribution: Mateus Godinho Pantoja
· 2024-08-09
· CWE 4.20
Suggested corrections to use of IDOR versus BOLA
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-09-08
· CWE 1.0
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Type
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-10-14
· CWE 1.0.1
updated Description
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-03-10
· CWE 1.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-05-27
· CWE 1.4
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-10-29
· CWE 1.6
updated Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-06-21
· CWE 1.9
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-03-29
· CWE 1.12
updated Alternate_Terms, Applicable_Platforms, Description, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-06-01
· CWE 1.13
updated Common_Consequences, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-05-11
· CWE 2.2
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2013-02-21
· CWE 2.4
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2013-07-17
· CWE 2.5
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2014-07-30
· CWE 2.8
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2017-11-08
· CWE 3.0
updated Description, Enabling_Factors_for_Exploitation, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2018-03-27
· CWE 3.1
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2019-06-20
· CWE 3.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-02-24
· CWE 4.0
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-06-25
· CWE 4.1
updated Alternate_Terms
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-12-10
· CWE 4.3
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-03-15
· CWE 4.4
updated Alternate_Terms
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-10-28
· CWE 4.6
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-04-27
· CWE 4.11
updated Detection_Factors, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-06-29
· CWE 4.12
updated Mapping_Notes
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-10-26
· CWE 4.13
updated Observed_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2024-02-29
· CWE 4.14
updated Demonstrative_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2025-12-11
· CWE 4.19
updated References, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-04-30
· CWE 4.20
updated Alternate_Terms, Maintenance_Notes, References
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-10-28
· CWE 5.0
updated Description, Modes_of_Introduction, Time_of_Introduction
5739 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-10667 (GCVE-0-2024-10667)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-09 04:32 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Content Slider Block – Create fully functional slider with Gutenberg block <= 3.1.5 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Post Disclosure
Summary
The Content Slider Block plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.5 via the [csb] shortcode due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-11 11:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bplugins | Content Slider Block – Slide Through Text or Media Content |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 3.1.5
(semver)
|
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CVE-2024-10666 (GCVE-0-2024-10666)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-22 05:33 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Easy Twitter Feed – Twitter feeds plugin for WP <= 1.2.6 - Authenticated (Contributor+) Post Exposure
Summary
The Easy Twitter Feed – Twitter feeds plugin for WP plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.2.6 via the [etf] shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-22 11:28 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bplugins | Feeds for Twitter – Embed Social Media Posts with Live Updates |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.2.6
(semver)
|
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CVE-2024-10654 (GCVE-0-2024-10654)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-01 11:31 – Updated: 2024-11-05 07:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TOTOLINK LR350 formLoginAuth.htm authorization
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in TOTOLINK LR350 up to 9.3.5u.6369 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /formLoginAuth.htm. The manipulation of the argument authCode with the input 1 leads to authorization bypass. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 9.3.5u.6698_B20230810 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-01 13:24 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.282667 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.282667 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.434801 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/c0nyy/IoT_vuln/blob/main/TOTOL… | exploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/home/menu/detail/menu_li… | patch |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Impacted products
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CVE-2024-10497 (GCVE-0-2024-10497)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-17 10:27 – Updated: 2025-02-12 16:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability exists that could allow an
authorized attacker to modify values outside those defined by their privileges (Elevation of Privileges) when the
attacker sends modified HTTPS requests to the device.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-17 13:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schneider Electric | PowerLogic HDPM6000 |
Affected:
Version v0.62.7 only
|
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CVE-2024-10452 (GCVE-0-2024-10452)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-29 15:16 – Updated: 2024-10-29 15:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Organization admins can delete pending invites created in an organization they are not part of.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-29 15:35 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2024-10439 (GCVE-0-2024-10439)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-28 02:49 – Updated: 2024-10-28 12:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sunnet eHRD CTMS - Insecure Direct Object Reference
Summary
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Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-28 12:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-8166-085c4-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-8167-a2c0d-2.html | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2024-10-28 02:47
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CVE-2024-10366 (GCVE-0-2024-10366)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-20 10:09 – Updated: 2025-07-15 10:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IDOR in delete attachments in danny-avila/librechat
Summary
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Severity
7.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-03-20 17:50 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| danny-avila | danny-avila/librechat |
Affected:
unspecified , < 0.7.5
(custom)
|
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CVE-2024-10215 (GCVE-0-2024-10215)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-09 19:21 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WPBookit <= 1.6.4 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary User Password Change
Summary
The WPBookit plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary User Password Change in versions up to, and including, 1.6.4. This is due to the plugin providing user-controlled access to objects, letting a user bypass authorization and access system resources. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to change user passwords and potentially take over administrator accounts.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-09 20:07 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Iqonic Design | WPBookit |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.6.4
(semver)
|
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"title": "WPBookit \u003c= 1.6.4 - Unauthenticated Arbitrary User Password Change"
}
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CVE-2024-10174 (GCVE-0-2024-10174)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-13 03:20 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WP Project Manager – Task, team, and project management plugin featuring kanban board and gantt charts <= 2.6.13 - Insecure Direct Object Reference to Unauthenticated Authorization Bypass
Summary
The WP Project Manager – Task, team, and project management plugin featuring kanban board and gantt charts plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in all versions up to, and including, 2.6.13 via the 'Abstract_Permission' class due to missing validation on the 'user_id' user controlled key. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to spoof their identity to that of an administrator and access all of the plugins REST routes.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-11-13 15:40 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Assigner
References
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| wedevs | Project Manager – AI Powered Project Management, Task Management, Kanban Board & Time Tracker |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.6.13
(semver)
|
|
| wedevs | wp_project_manager |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.6.13
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:wedevs:wp_project_manager:-:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:* |
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CVE-2024-10121 (GCVE-0-2024-10121)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-18 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-18 18:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
wfh45678 Radar Interface authorization
Summary
A vulnerability was found in wfh45678 Radar up to 1.0.8 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component Interface Handler. The manipulation with the input /../ leads to authorization bypass. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. This appears not to be a path traversal weakness. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-10-18 18:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-639 - Authorization Bypass
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.280913 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.280913 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.420960 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/weliveby/ForCVE/blob/main/rada… | exploit |
Impacted products
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],
"product": "Radar",
"vendor": "wfh45678",
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"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.0"
},
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"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.1"
},
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"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.3"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.5"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.6"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.7"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0.8"
}
]
}
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}
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},
{
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"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.280913"
},
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.