CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2303 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-239C-9QHP-4XC9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 18:32 – Updated: 2025-07-08 18:31An open redirect vulnerability in gnuboard5 v.5.5.16 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the bbs/member_confirm.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37658"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T18:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability in gnuboard5 v.5.5.16 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the bbs/member_confirm.php.",
"id": "GHSA-239c-9qhp-4xc9",
"modified": "2025-07-08T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-07-07T18:32:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37658"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gnuboard/gnuboard5/issues/319"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sir.kr/g5_pds/7205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-239M-CHP6-538F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:45 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:45An open redirect vulnerability exists in the Access Manager Identity Provider prior to 4.4 SP3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17948"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-20T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability exists in the Access Manager Identity Provider prior to 4.4 SP3.",
"id": "GHSA-239m-chp6-538f",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:45:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:45:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.microfocus.com/kb/doc.php?id=7023530"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-23R7-3WVP-5358
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-27 00:30 – Updated: 2024-01-04 03:30An open redirect through HTML injection in user messages in Asp.Net Zero before 12.3.0 allows remote attackers to redirect targeted victims to any URL via the '<meta http-equiv="refresh"' in the WebSocket messages.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-48003"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-12-26T22:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect through HTML injection in user messages in Asp.Net Zero before 12.3.0 allows remote attackers to redirect targeted victims to any URL via the \u0027\u003cmeta http-equiv=\"refresh\"\u0027 in the WebSocket messages.",
"id": "GHSA-23r7-3wvp-5358",
"modified": "2024-01-04T03:30:38Z",
"published": "2023-12-27T00:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-48003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.unsafe-inline.com/0day/asp.net-zero-v12.3.0-html-injection-leads-to-open-redirect-via-websockets-cve-2023-48003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/passtheticket/vulnerability-research/blob/main/aspnetzero_html_injection_via_websockets_messages.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-23W9-X4HX-5JV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:34 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:34Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in OpenText Documentum Administrator 7.2.0180.0055 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a (1) URL in the startat parameter to xda/help/en/default.htm or (2) /%09/ (slash encoded horizontal tab slash) followed by a domain in the redirectUrl parameter to xda/component/virtuallinkconnect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14524"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-28T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in OpenText Documentum Administrator 7.2.0180.0055 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a (1) URL in the startat parameter to xda/help/en/default.htm or (2) /%09/ (slash encoded horizontal tab slash) followed by a domain in the redirectUrl parameter to xda/component/virtuallinkconnect.",
"id": "GHSA-23w9-x4hx-5jv5",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:34:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:34:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14524"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://knowledge.opentext.com/knowledge/llisapi.dll/Open/68982774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Sep/57"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2435-FWP9-9Q2M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:46 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:42Open redirect vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 4.2.4 to 4.10.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the Login Screen.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5946"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-17T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in Cybozu Garoon 4.2.4 to 4.10.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via the Login Screen.",
"id": "GHSA-2435-fwp9-9q2m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:42:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:46:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5946"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.cybozu.support/article/35492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN58849431/index.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-243V-5PFF-QQFJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-26 00:00 – Updated: 2024-04-24 17:30An open redirect issue was found in Moodle due to improper sanitization of user-supplied data in mobile auto-login feature. A remote attacker can create a link that leads to a trusted website, however, when clicked, it redirects the victims to arbitrary URL/domain. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to perform a phishing attack and steal potentially sensitive information.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.11"
},
{
"fixed": "3.11.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.9"
},
{
"fixed": "3.9.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-35652"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-24T17:30:30Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-25T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect issue was found in Moodle due to improper sanitization of user-supplied data in mobile auto-login feature. A remote attacker can create a link that leads to a trusted website, however, when clicked, it redirects the victims to arbitrary URL/domain. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to perform a phishing attack and steal potentially sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-243v-5pff-qqfj",
"modified": "2024-04-24T17:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-07-26T00:00:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-35652"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2106276"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/6MOKYVRNFNAODP2XSMGJ5CRDUZCZKAR3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/MTKUSFPSYFINSQFSOHDQIDVE6FWBEU6V"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=436459"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.moodle.org/gw?p=moodle.git\u0026a=search\u0026h=HEAD\u0026st=commit\u0026s=MDL-72171"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Moodle Open redirect risk in mobile auto-login feature"
}
GHSA-248P-QMC2-QC97
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-26 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-03 18:33URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Magarsus Consultancy SSO (Single Sign On) allows Manipulating Hidden Fields.This issue affects SSO (Single Sign On): from 1.0 before 1.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4604"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-26T15:15:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in Magarsus Consultancy SSO (Single Sign On) allows Manipulating Hidden Fields.This issue affects SSO (Single Sign On): from 1.0 before 1.1.",
"id": "GHSA-248p-qmc2-qc97",
"modified": "2026-06-03T18:33:05Z",
"published": "2024-06-26T15:31:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4604"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-24-0800"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-24-0800"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-249J-6H9F-VFJW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-13 00:01In nopCommerce 4.50.1, an open redirect vulnerability can be triggered by luring a user to authenticate to a nopCommerce page by clicking on a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-27461"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-04T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In nopCommerce 4.50.1, an open redirect vulnerability can be triggered by luring a user to authenticate to a nopCommerce page by clicking on a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-249j-6h9f-vfjw",
"modified": "2022-05-13T00:01:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-05T00:00:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-27461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tf1t.gitbook.io/mycve/nopcommerce/open-redirect-on-nopcommerce-4.50.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://nopcommerce.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-24MJ-X7VX-3J5J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:22The login.jsp resource in Jira before version 8.5.2, and from version 8.6.0 before version 8.6.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to a different website which they may use as part of performing a phishing attack via an open redirect in the os_destination parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-20901"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-13T05:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The login.jsp resource in Jira before version 8.5.2, and from version 8.6.0 before version 8.6.1 allows remote attackers to redirect users to a different website which they may use as part of performing a phishing attack via an open redirect in the os_destination parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-24mj-x7vx-3j5j",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:22:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-20901"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-70408"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-24WR-95C8-M99W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:17 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:17GetSimpleCMS 3.3.13 has an Open Redirect via the admin/index.php redirect parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9915"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-22T00:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "GetSimpleCMS 3.3.13 has an Open Redirect via the admin/index.php redirect parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-24wr-95c8-m99w",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:17:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:17:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9915"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/GetSimpleCMS/GetSimpleCMS/issues/1300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netsparker.com/web-applications-advisories/ns-18-056-open-redirection-vulnerability-in-getsimplecms"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.