CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2424 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WCX9-CCPJ-HX3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-28 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-30 18:50Summary
An issue on Coder's login page allows attackers to craft a Coder URL that when clicked by a logged in user could redirect them to a website the attacker controls, e.g. https://google.com.
Details
On the login page, Coder checks for the presence of a redirect query parameter. On successful login, the user would be redirected to the location of the parameter. Improper sanitization allows attackers to specify a URL outside of the Coder application to redirect users to.
Impact
Coder users could potentially be redirected to a untrusted website if tricked into clicking a URL crafted by the attacker. Coder authentication tokens are not leaked to the resulting website.
To check if your deployment is vulnerable, visit the following URL for your Coder deployment:
- https://<coder url>/login?redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcoder.com%2Fdocs
Patched Versions
This vulnerability is remedied in - v2.16.1 - v2.15.3 - v2.14.4
All versions prior to 2.3.1 are not affected.
Thanks
- https://github.com/jchristov
References
https://github.com/coder/coder/security/advisories/GHSA-wcx9-ccpj-hx3c https://github.com/coder/coder/commit/69c1d981e3131e50d52b01f6a360abadaad699e6
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.16.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.16.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.16.0"
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.15.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.15.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/coder/coder/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.3.1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.14.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-10-28T18:31:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\nAn issue on Coder\u0027s login page allows attackers to craft a Coder URL that when clicked by a logged in user could redirect them to a website the attacker controls, e.g. https://google.com.\n\n### Details\nOn the login page, Coder checks for the presence of a `redirect` query parameter. On successful login, the user would be redirected to the location of the parameter. Improper sanitization allows attackers to specify a URL outside of the Coder application to redirect users to.\n\n### Impact\nCoder users could potentially be redirected to a untrusted website if tricked into clicking a URL crafted by the attacker. Coder authentication tokens are **not** leaked to the resulting website.\n\nTo check if your deployment is vulnerable, visit the following URL for your Coder deployment:\n- `https://\u003ccoder url\u003e/login?redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcoder.com%2Fdocs`\n\n### Patched Versions\nThis vulnerability is remedied in\n- v2.16.1\n- v2.15.3\n- v2.14.4\n\nAll versions prior to 2.3.1 are not affected.\n\n### Thanks\n- https://github.com/jchristov\n\n### References\nhttps://github.com/coder/coder/security/advisories/GHSA-wcx9-ccpj-hx3c\nhttps://github.com/coder/coder/commit/69c1d981e3131e50d52b01f6a360abadaad699e6",
"id": "GHSA-wcx9-ccpj-hx3c",
"modified": "2024-10-30T18:50:39Z",
"published": "2024-10-28T18:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/security/advisories/GHSA-wcx9-ccpj-hx3c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder/commit/69c1d981e3131e50d52b01f6a360abadaad699e6"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/coder/coder"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Coder vulnerable to post-auth URL redirection to untrusted site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)"
}
GHSA-WF2Q-62VR-Q7GV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 21:30 – Updated: 2025-01-28 21:31An issue in Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited QQMail iOS 6.6.4 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T19:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Company Limited QQMail iOS 6.6.4 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-wf2q-62vr-q7gv",
"modified": "2025-01-28T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-27T21:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/241220-QQMail/241220-QQMail.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WFGR-G7H2-C6M6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-24 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-24 15:31Open redirect vulnerability (CWE-601) in the _safe_redirect function of the click-tracking endpoint (/c//) in Mailerup <1.0.0 on all platforms allows remote unauthenticated attackers to redirect victims to arbitrary external sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted u query parameter, because the URL scheme is validated (blocking javascript: and data:) but the destination host is not restricted to an allowlist, and a signing.BadSignature exception is silently caught so a valid signed token is not required.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13163"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T13:16:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability (CWE-601) in the _safe_redirect function of the click-tracking endpoint (/c/\u003ctoken\u003e/) in Mailerup \u003c1.0.0\u00a0on all platforms allows remote unauthenticated attackers to redirect victims to arbitrary external sites and conduct phishing attacks via a crafted u\u00a0query parameter, because the URL scheme is validated (blocking javascript: and data:) but the destination host is not restricted to an allowlist, and a signing.BadSignature exception is silently caught so a valid signed token is not required.",
"id": "GHSA-wfgr-g7h2-c6m6",
"modified": "2026-06-24T15:31:45Z",
"published": "2026-06-24T15:31:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Maalfer/mailerup/commit/99eb6d4586134bf3f4422093fbf47d6794ef0ee5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-WFMP-HG8C-4PH3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:46 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:46An issue existed in the parsing of URLs. This issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Server 5.11. Processing a maliciously crafted URL may lead to an open redirect or cross site scripting.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9995"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-04-02T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue existed in the parsing of URLs. This issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in macOS Server 5.11. Processing a maliciously crafted URL may lead to an open redirect or cross site scripting.",
"id": "GHSA-wfmp-hg8c-4ph3",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:46:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:46:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT211932"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WFR4-P3HP-JF4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:06Open redirect vulnerability in the SO Connect SO WIFI hotspot web interface, prior to version 140, allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7473"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-07T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in the SO Connect SO WIFI hotspot web interface, prior to version 140, allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a URL.",
"id": "GHSA-wfr4-p3hp-jf4v",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:06:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:06:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.redyops.com/cve-2018-7473-open-url-redirection-vulnerability"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WG24-7M7R-FCX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:29 – Updated: 2023-12-18 18:30The Nested Pages WordPress plugin <= 3.1.15 was vulnerable to an Open Redirect via the page POST parameter in the npBulkActions, npBulkEdit, npListingSort, and npCategoryFilter admin_post actions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38343"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-30T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Nested Pages WordPress plugin \u003c= 3.1.15 was vulnerable to an Open Redirect via the `page` POST parameter in the `npBulkActions`, `npBulkEdit`, `npListingSort`, and `npCategoryFilter` `admin_post` actions.",
"id": "GHSA-wg24-7m7r-fcx2",
"modified": "2023-12-18T18:30:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:29:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38343"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2021/08/nested-pages-pat%E2%80%A6on-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/blog/2021/08/nested-pages-pat\u2026on-vulnerability"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/vulnerability-advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WGGC-WWP7-29VW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:37 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:37IBM Security Secret Server 10.6 could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 190044.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-4840"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Secret Server 10.6 could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 190044.",
"id": "GHSA-wggc-wwp7-29vw",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:37:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:37:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-4840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/190044"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6336251"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WGP4-3H6Q-W7FJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-10 21:30Adobe Connect versions 12.6, 11.4.7 and earlier are affected by a URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to redirect users to malicious websites. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54051"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T21:15:22Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Adobe Connect versions 12.6, 11.4.7 and earlier are affected by a URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to redirect users to malicious websites. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction.",
"id": "GHSA-wgp4-3h6q-w7fj",
"modified": "2024-12-10T21:30:54Z",
"published": "2024-12-10T21:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/connect/apsb24-99.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WH9J-8HRM-2G7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-10 18:30 – Updated: 2025-04-08 15:30URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Appcheap.Io App Builder.This issue affects App Builder: from n/a through 3.8.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31282"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-10T16:15:13Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in Appcheap.Io App Builder.This issue affects App Builder: from n/a through 3.8.7.",
"id": "GHSA-wh9j-8hrm-2g7r",
"modified": "2025-04-08T15:30:55Z",
"published": "2024-04-10T18:30:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31282"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/app-builder/wordpress-app-builder-plugin-3-8-7-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHM2-8R5J-RJ8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-29 03:33 – Updated: 2024-12-02 18:31Inadequate parsing of URLs could result into an open redirect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21723"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-29T01:44:03Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inadequate parsing of URLs could result into an open redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-whm2-8r5j-rj8q",
"modified": "2024-12-02T18:31:54Z",
"published": "2024-02-29T03:33:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://developer.joomla.org/security-centre/926-20240202-core-open-redirect-in-installation-application.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.