CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2310 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C2XM-2FM6-9338
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:29 – Updated: 2022-11-16 19:00By exploiting an Open Redirect vulnerability on a website, an attacker could have spoofed the site displayed in the download file dialog to show the original site (the one suffering from the open redirect) rather than the site the file was actually downloaded from. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 81, Thunderbird < 78.3, and Firefox ESR < 78.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-15677"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-01T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "By exploiting an Open Redirect vulnerability on a website, an attacker could have spoofed the site displayed in the download file dialog to show the original site (the one suffering from the open redirect) rather than the site the file was actually downloaded from. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 81, Thunderbird \u003c 78.3, and Firefox ESR \u003c 78.3.",
"id": "GHSA-c2xm-2fm6-9338",
"modified": "2022-11-16T19:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:29:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15677"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1641487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/10/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202010-02"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4770"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2020-42"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2020-43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2020-44"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00074.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-10/msg00077.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C382-RXWX-QQCR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-13 03:31 – Updated: 2025-05-13 03:31The Live Auction Cockpit in SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) uses a deprecated java applet component within the affected SRM packages which allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a malicious link, which when clicked by a victim, redirects the browser to a malicious site. On successful exploitation, the attacker could cause low impact on confidentiality and integrity with no impact on the availability of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30010"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-13T01:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Live Auction Cockpit in SAP Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) uses a deprecated java applet component within the affected SRM packages which allows an unauthenticated attacker to craft a malicious link, which when clicked by a victim, redirects the browser to a malicious site. On successful exploitation, the attacker could cause low impact on confidentiality and integrity with no impact on the availability of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-c382-rxwx-qqcr",
"modified": "2025-05-13T03:31:13Z",
"published": "2025-05-13T03:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30010"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3578900"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3CC-PMC5-52XV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:01An open redirect vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to an untrusted page that contains malware. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS: QuTScloud c5.0.1.1949 and later QuTS hero h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 and later QTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 and later QTS 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 and later
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44054"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-05T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP device running QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS. If exploited, this vulnerability allows attackers to redirect users to an untrusted page that contains malware. We have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions of QuTScloud, QuTS hero and QTS: QuTScloud c5.0.1.1949 and later QuTS hero h5.0.0.1949 build 20220215 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.1951 build 20220218 and later QTS 5.0.0.1986 build 20220324 and later QTS 4.5.4.1991 build 20220329 and later",
"id": "GHSA-c3cc-pmc5-52xv",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:01:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-06T00:00:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44054"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/qsa-22-16"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3F5-4G7M-3XFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:37 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:37In versions 16.0.0-16.0.0.1, 15.1.0-15.1.0.5, 14.1.0-14.1.3, 13.1.0-13.1.3.4, 12.1.0-12.1.5.2, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.2, an undisclosed link on the BIG-IP APM virtual server allows a malicious user to build an open redirect URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-27729"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In versions 16.0.0-16.0.0.1, 15.1.0-15.1.0.5, 14.1.0-14.1.3, 13.1.0-13.1.3.4, 12.1.0-12.1.5.2, and 11.6.1-11.6.5.2, an undisclosed link on the BIG-IP APM virtual server allows a malicious user to build an open redirect URI.",
"id": "GHSA-c3f5-4g7m-3xfc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:37:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:37:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27729"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K15310332"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-C3G4-XW3P-P3V6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-27 18:32 – Updated: 2023-03-04 06:30The Registration Forms WordPress plugin before 3.8.2.3 does not properly validate the redirection URL when logging in and login out, leading to an Open Redirect vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0552"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-27T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Registration Forms WordPress plugin before 3.8.2.3 does not properly validate the redirection URL when logging in and login out, leading to an Open Redirect vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-c3g4-xw3p-p3v6",
"modified": "2023-03-04T06:30:23Z",
"published": "2023-02-27T18:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0552"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/832c6155-a413-4641-849c-b98ba55e8551"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3H3-5HXQ-QPC7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-14 03:30 – Updated: 2025-11-14 15:30Inappropriate implementation in Lens in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 136.0.7103.59 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted QR code. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13983"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-14T03:15:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Lens in Google Chrome on iOS prior to 136.0.7103.59 allowed a remote attacker to perform UI spoofing via a crafted QR code. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-c3h3-5hxq-qpc7",
"modified": "2025-11-14T15:30:36Z",
"published": "2025-11-14T03:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/04/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_29.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/379818904"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3W6-J3XJ-3MX5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-06 12:30 – Updated: 2024-10-06 12:30Sonarr – CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-45247"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-10-06T12:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Sonarr \u2013 CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"id": "GHSA-c3w6-j3xj-3mx5",
"modified": "2024-10-06T12:30:48Z",
"published": "2024-10-06T12:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45247"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gov.il/en/Departments/faq/cve_advisories"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3WX-J258-5J4J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:54Open redirect vulnerability in SHIRASAGI v1.13.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-5607"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-10T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in SHIRASAGI v1.13.1 and earlier allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-c3wx-j258-5j4j",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:54:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi/commit/040a02c9d4b5dd2f91c5c29c0008a47cde6ee99a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi/commit/040a02c9d4b5dd2f91c5c29c0008a47cde6ee99a.patch"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/shirasagi/shirasagi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN55657988/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ss-proj.org"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C3X7-GJMX-R2FF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-08-31 22:57 – Updated: 2021-09-23 20:59Versions of serve-static prior to 1.6.5 ( or 1.7.x prior to 1.7.2 ) are affected by an open redirect vulnerability on some browsers when configured to mount at the root directory.
Proof of Concept
A link to http://example.com//www.google.com/%2e%2e will redirect to //www.google.com/%2e%2e
Some browsers will interpret this as http://www.google.com/%2e%2e, resulting in an external redirect.
Recommendation
Version 1.7.x: Update to version 1.7.2 or later. Version 1.6.x: Update to version 1.6.5 or later.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 1.6.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "serve-static"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "serve-static"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.7.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-1164"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-08-31T18:08:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Versions of `serve-static` prior to 1.6.5 ( or 1.7.x prior to 1.7.2 ) are affected by an open redirect vulnerability on some browsers when configured to mount at the root directory.\n\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nA link to `http://example.com//www.google.com/%2e%2e` will redirect to `//www.google.com/%2e%2e`\n\nSome browsers will interpret this as `http://www.google.com/%2e%2e`, resulting in an external redirect.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nVersion 1.7.x: Update to version 1.7.2 or later.\nVersion 1.6.x: Update to version 1.6.5 or later.",
"id": "GHSA-c3x7-gjmx-r2ff",
"modified": "2021-09-23T20:59:30Z",
"published": "2020-08-31T22:57:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-1164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/expressjs/serve-static/issues/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1181917"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/99936"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/expressjs/serve-static"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/npm:serve-static:20150113"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/35"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/72064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Open Redirect in serve-static"
}
GHSA-C43M-GVGR-CHXV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in Webilia Inc. Listdom allows Phishing. This issue affects Listdom: from n/a through 4.0.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-39599"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T13:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in Webilia Inc. Listdom allows Phishing. This issue affects Listdom: from n/a through 4.0.0.",
"id": "GHSA-c43m-gvgr-chxv",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:45Z",
"published": "2025-04-16T15:34:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-39599"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/listdom/vulnerability/wordpress-listdom-4-0-0-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.