Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-601

Allowed

URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.

2310 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-9MRQ-CJGH-32G2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-09-13 13:22 – Updated: 2025-02-18 18:27
VLAI
Summary
smartbanner.js rel noopener vulnerability
Details

rel noopener vulnerability

Impact

Clicking on smartbanner View link and navigating to 3rd party page leaves window.opener exposed. It may allow hostile 3rd parties to abuse window.opener, e.g. by redirection or injection on the original page with smartbanner.

Patches

rel="noopener" is automatically populated to links as of v1.14.1 which is a recommended upgrade to resolve the vulnerability.

Workarounds

If you can not upgrade to v1.14.1: 1. Ensure View link is only taking users to App Store or Google Play Store where security is guarded by respective app store security teams 2. If View link is going to a 3rd party page, limit smartbanner.js to be used on iOS that decreases the scope of the vulnerability since as of Safari 12.1, rel="noopener" is imposed on all target="_blank" links.

Following combination of smartbanner meta tags can be used to achieve the above:

```html
<meta name="smartbanner:enabled-platforms" content="none">
<meta name="smartbanner:include-user-agent-regex" content="Mobile.*Safari">
```

References

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in smartbanner.js

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "smartbanner.js"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.14.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-25300"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601",
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:29:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "## rel noopener vulnerability\n\n### Impact\nClicking on smartbanner _View_ link and navigating to 3rd party page leaves `window.opener` exposed. It may allow hostile 3rd parties to abuse `window.opener`, e.g. by redirection or injection on the original page with smartbanner.\n\n### Patches\n`rel=\"noopener\"` is automatically populated to links as of `v1.14.1` which is a recommended upgrade to resolve the vulnerability.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf you can not upgrade to `v1.14.1`:\n1. Ensure _View_ link is only taking users to App Store or Google Play Store where security is guarded by respective app store security teams\n2. If _View_ link is going to a 3rd party page, limit smartbanner.js to be used on iOS that decreases the scope of the vulnerability since as of Safari 12.1,  `rel=\"noopener\"` is imposed on all `target=\"_blank\"` links.\n\n    Following combination of smartbanner meta tags can be used to achieve the above:\n\n    ```html\n    \u003cmeta name=\"smartbanner:enabled-platforms\" content=\"none\"\u003e\n    \u003cmeta name=\"smartbanner:include-user-agent-regex\" content=\"Mobile.*Safari\"\u003e\n    ```\n\n### References\n* [About rel=noopener](https://mathiasbynens.github.io/rel-noopener/)\n* [Safari 12.1 Release Notes](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/safari_release_notes/safari_12_1_release_notes#3130296)\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [smartbanner.js](https://github.com/ain/smartbanner.js/issues/new)",
  "id": "GHSA-9mrq-cjgh-32g2",
  "modified": "2025-02-18T18:27:07Z",
  "published": "2019-09-13T13:22:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ain/smartbanner.js/security/advisories/GHSA-9mrq-cjgh-32g2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ain/smartbanner.js/commit/fce8c31dfe04033d9d005a89694d3e7a60784f89"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-9mrq-cjgh-32g2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ain/smartbanner.js"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:U",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "smartbanner.js rel noopener vulnerability"
}

GHSA-9MW7-8X3H-GCQC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-16 18:31 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31
VLAI
Details

The T1 WordPress theme through 19.0 is vulnerable to unauthenticated open redirect with which any attacker and redirect users to arbitrary websites.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-3771"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-16T16:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The T1 WordPress theme through 19.0 is vulnerable to unauthenticated open redirect with which any attacker and redirect users to arbitrary websites.",
  "id": "GHSA-9mw7-8x3h-gcqc",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:40Z",
  "published": "2024-01-16T18:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/7c6fc499-de09-4874-ab96-bdc24d550cfb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9P23-87CH-PCGG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-22 06:30 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:31
VLAI
Details

Open redirect vulnerability in Access analysis CGI An-Analyzer released in 2023 December 31 and earlier allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to arbitrary websites and conduct phishing attacks via a specially crafted URL.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-22113"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-22T05:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Open redirect vulnerability in Access analysis CGI An-Analyzer released in 2023 December 31 and earlier allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to arbitrary websites and conduct phishing attacks via a specially crafted URL.",
  "id": "GHSA-9p23-87ch-pcgg",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T21:31:46Z",
  "published": "2024-01-22T06:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22113"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN73587943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.anglers-net.com/anlog/update"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9P3J-XX7R-8MM9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:35 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:35
VLAI
Details

A URL redirection vulnerability exists in Power Monitoring Expert, Energy Expert (formerly Power Manager) - EcoStruxure Power Monitoring Expert (PME) v8.2 (all editions), EcoStruxure Energy Expert 1.3 (formerly Power Manager), EcoStruxure Power SCADA Operation (PSO) 8.2 Advanced Reports and Dashboards Module, EcoStruxure Power Monitoring Expert (PME) v9.0, EcoStruxure Energy Expert v2.0, and EcoStruxure Power SCADA Operation (PSO) 9.0 Advanced Reports and Dashboards Module which could cause a phishing attack when redirected to a malicious site.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-7797"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-17T22:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A URL redirection vulnerability exists in Power Monitoring Expert, Energy Expert (formerly Power Manager) - EcoStruxure Power Monitoring Expert (PME) v8.2 (all editions), EcoStruxure Energy Expert 1.3 (formerly Power Manager), EcoStruxure Power SCADA Operation (PSO) 8.2 Advanced Reports and Dashboards Module, EcoStruxure Power Monitoring Expert (PME) v9.0, EcoStruxure Energy Expert v2.0, and EcoStruxure Power SCADA Operation (PSO) 9.0 Advanced Reports and Dashboards Module which could cause a phishing attack when redirected to a malicious site.",
  "id": "GHSA-9p3j-xx7r-8mm9",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:35:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:35:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.schneider-electric.com/en/download/document/SEVD-2018-347-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106277"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9PHM-9P8F-HW5M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-06 23:02 – Updated: 2026-06-09 01:58
VLAI
Summary
Nitro has an Open Redirect via Protocol-Relative URL Bypass in Wildcard Route Rules
Details

A redirect route rule like:

routeRules: {
  "/legacy/**": { redirect: "/**" }
}

is intended to rewrite paths within the same host. Before the patch, an attacker could turn the rewrite into a cross-host redirect by sliding an extra slash in after the rule prefix. Example exploit:

GET /legacy//evil.com

Nitro stripped /legacy from the matched pathname and joined the remainder against the rule's target. The remainder was //evil.com, which the join preserved verbatim, so Nitro responded with Location: //evil.com. Browsers resolve //evil.com as a protocol-relative URL against the current scheme, sending the user to https://evil.com.

Are you affected?

Users may be affected if all of the following are true:

  1. Their project uses Nitro's routeRules with a redirect entry.
  2. The target uses a /** wildcard suffix to forward sub-paths (e.g. redirect: "/**", redirect: "/new/**", proxy: { to: "http://upstream/**" }).
  3. The redirect rule is not handled natively at the CDN layer. The vercel, netlify, cloudflare-pages, and edgeone presets translate routeRules.redirect into platform config (vercel.json, _redirects, EdgeOne v3 config) and serve the redirect at the edge — those deployments bypass the Nitro runtime entirely and are not affected. Every other preset executes the redirect through the Nitro runtime and can be vulnerable.

Impact

Open redirect from any host serving Nitro with a wildcard redirect rule. The redirect target is fully attacker-controlled, the URL looks legitimate (it starts with the victim's domain), and the browser silently follows it.

Patched versions

Upgrade to one of:

  • 2.13.4 or later (or upgrade lockfile with latest ufo 1.6.4+)
  • 3.0.260429-beta or later (https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/pull/4236)

The fix has two parts:

  1. ufo is bumped to ^1.6.4 (unjs/ufo@5cd9e67), which collapses any run of leading slashes to a single / inside withoutBase. This covers the typical "/scope/**" rule.
  2. The Nitro runtime additionally collapses leading // before joining when the rule path itself is /** (in rare case which case withoutBase is never called and the raw pathname flows straight into joinURL("", …)).
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "nitro"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0.260429-beta"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "nitropack"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.13.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44372"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-06T23:02:45Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-13T21:16:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A redirect route rule like:\n\n```ts\nrouteRules: {\n  \"/legacy/**\": { redirect: \"/**\" }\n}\n```\n\nis intended to rewrite paths within the same host. Before the patch, an attacker could turn the rewrite into a cross-host redirect by sliding an extra slash in after the rule prefix. Example exploit:\n\n```\nGET /legacy//evil.com\n```\n\nNitro stripped `/legacy` from the matched pathname and joined the remainder against the rule\u0027s target. The remainder was `//evil.com`, which the join preserved verbatim, so Nitro responded with `Location: //evil.com`. Browsers resolve `//evil.com` as a protocol-relative URL against the current scheme, sending the user to `https://evil.com`. \n\n### Are you affected?\n\nUsers may be affected if **all** of the following are true:\n\n1. Their project uses Nitro\u0027s `routeRules` with a `redirect` entry.\n2. The target uses a `/**` wildcard suffix to forward sub-paths (e.g. `redirect: \"/**\"`, `redirect: \"/new/**\"`, `proxy: { to: \"http://upstream/**\" }`).\n3. The `redirect` rule is _not_ handled natively at the CDN layer. The `vercel`, `netlify`, `cloudflare-pages`, and `edgeone` presets translate `routeRules.redirect` into platform config (`vercel.json`, `_redirects`, EdgeOne v3 config) and serve the redirect at the edge \u2014 those deployments bypass the Nitro runtime entirely and are not affected. Every other preset executes the redirect through the Nitro runtime and can be vulnerable.\n\n## Impact\n\nOpen redirect from any host serving Nitro with a wildcard `redirect` rule. The redirect target is fully attacker-controlled, the URL looks legitimate (it starts with the victim\u0027s domain), and the browser silently follows it.\n\n## Patched versions\n\nUpgrade to one of:\n\n- [2.13.4](https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/releases/tag/v2.13.4) or later (or upgrade lockfile with latest ufo 1.6.4+)\n- [3.0.260429-beta](https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/releases/tag/v3.0.260429-beta) or later (https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/pull/4236)\n\nThe fix has two parts:\n\n1. `ufo` is bumped to `^1.6.4` ([unjs/ufo@5cd9e67](https://github.com/unjs/ufo/commit/5cd9e676711af3f4e4b5398ddf6ca8d52c1c7e1f)), which collapses any run of leading slashes to a single `/` inside `withoutBase`. This covers the typical `\"/scope/**\"` rule.\n2. The Nitro runtime additionally collapses leading `//` before joining when the rule path itself is `/**` (in rare case which case `withoutBase` is never called and the raw pathname flows straight into `joinURL(\"\", \u2026)`).",
  "id": "GHSA-9phm-9p8f-hw5m",
  "modified": "2026-06-09T01:58:50Z",
  "published": "2026-05-06T23:02:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/security/advisories/GHSA-9phm-9p8f-hw5m"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/pull/4236"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/unjs/ufo/commit/5cd9e676711af3f4e4b5398ddf6ca8d52c1c7e1f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/releases/tag/v2.13.4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nitrojs/nitro/releases/tag/v3.0.260429-beta"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Nitro has an Open Redirect via Protocol-Relative URL Bypass in Wildcard Route Rules"
}

GHSA-9Q64-MPXX-87FG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-04-01 16:35 – Updated: 2020-12-15 16:51
VLAI
Summary
Open Redirect in ecstatic
Details

Versions of ecstatic prior to 4.1.2, 3.3.2 or 2.2.2 are vulnerable to Open Redirect. The package fails to validate redirects, allowing attackers to craft requests that result in an HTTP 301 redirect to any other domains.

Recommendation

If using ecstatic 4.x, upgrade to 4.1.2 or later. If using ecstatic 3.x, upgrade to 3.3.2 or later. If using ecstatic 2.x, upgrade to 2.2.2 or later.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "ecstatic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "ecstatic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.3.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "ecstatic"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-04-01T15:37:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Versions of `ecstatic` prior to 4.1.2, 3.3.2 or 2.2.2 are vulnerable to Open Redirect. The package fails to validate redirects, allowing attackers to craft requests that result in an `HTTP 301` redirect to any other domains.\n\n\n## Recommendation\n\nIf using `ecstatic` 4.x, upgrade to 4.1.2 or later.\nIf using `ecstatic` 3.x, upgrade to 3.3.2 or later.\nIf using `ecstatic` 2.x, upgrade to 2.2.2 or later.",
  "id": "GHSA-9q64-mpxx-87fg",
  "modified": "2020-12-15T16:51:18Z",
  "published": "2020-04-01T16:35:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10775"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/830"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Open Redirect in ecstatic"
}

GHSA-9QP6-7GW6-MQP6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-11 09:31 – Updated: 2026-03-11 09:31
VLAI
Details

IFTOP developed by WellChoose has an Open redirect vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to craft a URL that tricks users into visiting malicious website.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3824"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-11T07:16:59Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IFTOP developed by WellChoose has an Open redirect vulnerability, allowing authenticated remote attackers to craft a URL that tricks users into visiting malicious website.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qp6-7gw6-mqp6",
  "modified": "2026-03-11T09:31:54Z",
  "published": "2026-03-11T09:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3824"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10756-73f66-2.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10755-94136-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-9QR2-FX2G-PFVH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:06 – Updated: 2024-02-09 16:54
VLAI
Summary
Joomla! Open Redirect vulnerability
Details

Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in Joomla! 1.5 before 1.5.7 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a "passed in" URL.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "joomla/framework"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.5.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-4104"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-09T16:54:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-09-18T17:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in Joomla! 1.5 before 1.5.7 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a \"passed in\" URL.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qr2-fx2g-pfvh",
  "modified": "2024-02-09T16:54:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T00:06:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4104"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/45071"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/joomla/joomla-framework"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20081219152017/http://developer.joomla.org/security/news/274-20080904-core-redirect-spam.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=122115344915232\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=122118210029084\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://marc.info/?l=oss-security\u0026m=122152798516853\u0026w=2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4275"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [],
  "summary": "Joomla! Open Redirect vulnerability"
}

GHSA-9QV8-7JFQ-73J2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-12-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-11-15 22:25
VLAI
Summary
Open redirect vulnerability in Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin
Details

Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin 2.6 and earlier improperly determines that a redirect URL after login is legitimately pointing to Jenkins, allowing attackers to perform phishing attacks.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:oic-auth"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-50771"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-12-13T23:14:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-12-13T18:15:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin 2.6 and earlier improperly determines that a redirect URL after login is legitimately pointing to Jenkins, allowing attackers to perform phishing attacks.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qv8-7jfq-73j2",
  "modified": "2024-11-15T22:25:23Z",
  "published": "2023-12-13T18:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-50771"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkins-infra/update-center2/pull/767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/oic-auth-plugin/pull/261"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/oic-auth-plugin/commit/a97a4041f39c85aa746c047ac14ee69199dadf05"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/oic-auth-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/oic-auth-plugin/releases/tag/oic-auth-3.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2023-12-13/#SECURITY-2979"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/12/13/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Open redirect vulnerability in Jenkins OpenId Connect Authentication Plugin "
}

GHSA-9QVP-QQR3-GFX3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-21 21:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:59
VLAI
Details

Blogengine.net 3.3.8.0 and earlier is vulnerable to Open Redirect.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-33405"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-21T21:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Blogengine.net 3.3.8.0 and earlier is vulnerable to Open Redirect.",
  "id": "GHSA-9qvp-qqr3-gfx3",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:59:36Z",
  "published": "2023-06-21T21:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-33405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hacip/CVE-2023-33405"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.

Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).

Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
  • Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing

An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.