CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2306 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8QC7-CF52-C959
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-07 18:32 – Updated: 2025-07-08 18:31An open redirect vulnerability in gnuboard5 v.5.5.16 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via thebbs/login.php component.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-37657"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-07T18:15:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability in gnuboard5 v.5.5.16 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via thebbs/login.php component.",
"id": "GHSA-8qc7-cf52-c959",
"modified": "2025-07-08T18:31:22Z",
"published": "2025-07-07T18:32:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37657"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/gnuboard/gnuboard5/issues/320"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sir.kr/g5_pds/7205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8QP4-8XW3-4G95
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:21 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:21An Open Redirect vulnerability in Inedo BuildMaster before 5.8.2 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-16761"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-11-10T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An Open Redirect vulnerability in Inedo BuildMaster before 5.8.2 allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites.",
"id": "GHSA-8qp4-8xw3-4g95",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:21:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:21:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16761"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://inedo.com/blog/buildmaster-582-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://inedo.com/buildmaster/versions#v5.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://inedo.myjetbrains.com/youtrack/issue/BM-3101"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8QWQ-C4M2-H4XH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 15:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 15:32An open redirect in Ivanti Xtraction before version 2026.2.1 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to arbitrary external URLs.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14902"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T15:16:56Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect in Ivanti\u00a0Xtraction\u00a0before\u00a0version\u00a02026.2.1\u00a0allows a remote\u00a0unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to arbitrary external URLs.",
"id": "GHSA-8qwq-c4m2-h4xh",
"modified": "2026-07-14T15:32:17Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T15:32:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hub.ivanti.com/s/article/Security-Advisory-Ivanti-Xtraction-CVE-2026-14902-CVE-2026-14903?language=en_US"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8R54-HQ49-GQ6M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:44 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:18An issue was discovered in the Core and Portal modules in Polaris FT Intellect Core Banking 9.7.1. An open redirect exists via a /IntellectMain.jsp?IntellectSystem= URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-14931"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-30T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the Core and Portal modules in Polaris FT Intellect Core Banking 9.7.1. An open redirect exists via a /IntellectMain.jsp?IntellectSystem= URI.",
"id": "GHSA-8r54-hq49-gq6m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:18:36Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:44:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-14931"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://neetech18.blogspot.com/2019/03/polaris-intellect-core-banking-software_31.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8R65-M25W-R5XR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:31 – Updated: 2024-11-26 18:38A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to a malicious web page. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the parameters of an HTTP request. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting an HTTP request from a user. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to modify the HTTP request to cause the interface to redirect the user to a specific, malicious URL. This type of vulnerability is known as an open redirect attack and is used in phishing attacks that get users to unknowingly visit malicious sites.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-3558"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-10-21T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco Firepower Management Center (FMC) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to redirect a user to a malicious web page. The vulnerability is due to improper input validation of the parameters of an HTTP request. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by intercepting an HTTP request from a user. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to modify the HTTP request to cause the interface to redirect the user to a specific, malicious URL. This type of vulnerability is known as an open redirect attack and is used in phishing attacks that get users to unknowingly visit malicious sites.",
"id": "GHSA-8r65-m25w-r5xr",
"modified": "2024-11-26T18:38:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-3558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-fmc-redirect-NYDuSEQn"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RH2-P978-GVCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:34 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:34Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in OpenText Documentum Webtop 6.8.0160.0073 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a (1) URL in the startat parameter to xda/help/en/default.htm or (2) /%09/ (slash encoded horizontal tab slash) followed by a domain in the redirectUrl parameter to xda/component/virtuallinkconnect.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-14525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-09-28T01:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple open redirect vulnerabilities in OpenText Documentum Webtop 6.8.0160.0073 allow remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via a (1) URL in the startat parameter to xda/help/en/default.htm or (2) /%09/ (slash encoded horizontal tab slash) followed by a domain in the redirectUrl parameter to xda/component/virtuallinkconnect.",
"id": "GHSA-8rh2-p978-gvcf",
"modified": "2022-05-17T00:34:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T00:34:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://knowledge.opentext.com/knowledge/llisapi.dll/Open/68982774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Sep/57"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RMM-GM28-PJ8Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-17 17:33 – Updated: 2024-08-29 21:31Keycloak allows arbitrary URLs as SAML Assertion Consumer Service POST Binding URL (ACS), including JavaScript URIs (javascript:).
Allowing JavaScript URIs in combination with HTML forms leads to JavaScript evaluation in the context of the embedding origin on form submission.
Acknowledgements:
Special thanks to Lauritz Holtmann for reporting this issue and helping us improve our project.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "22.0.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "23.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "24.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-6717"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-601",
"CWE-79"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-17T17:33:04Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-25T16:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Keycloak allows arbitrary URLs as SAML Assertion Consumer Service POST Binding URL (ACS), including JavaScript URIs (javascript:).\n\nAllowing JavaScript URIs in combination with HTML forms leads to JavaScript evaluation in the context of the embedding origin on form submission.\n\n#### Acknowledgements:\nSpecial thanks to Lauritz Holtmann for reporting this issue and helping us improve our project.",
"id": "GHSA-8rmm-gm28-pj8q",
"modified": "2024-08-29T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2024-04-17T17:33:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-8rmm-gm28-pj8q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1353"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1867"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:1868"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:2945"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:4057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2023-6717"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2253952"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Keycloak Cross-site Scripting (XSS) via assertion consumer service URL in SAML POST-binding flow"
}
GHSA-8RPV-957G-66XR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:59 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:59IBM Emptoris Supplier Lifecycle Management 10.0.x and 10.1.x could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially-crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 128173.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-1448"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-09T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Emptoris Supplier Lifecycle Management 10.0.x and 10.1.x could allow a remote attacker to conduct phishing attacks, using an open redirect attack. By persuading a victim to visit a specially-crafted Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to spoof the URL displayed to redirect a user to a malicious Web site that would appear to be trusted. This could allow the attacker to obtain highly sensitive information or conduct further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 128173.",
"id": "GHSA-8rpv-957g-66xr",
"modified": "2022-05-17T01:59:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:59:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-1448"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/128173"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg22006854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100222"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RRR-F77P-65QC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-21 00:00SAP NetWeaver ABAP Server and ABAP Platform - versions 740, 750, 787, allows an unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to a malicious site due to insufficient URL validation. This could lead to the user being tricked to disclose personal information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28215"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-12T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP NetWeaver ABAP Server and ABAP Platform - versions 740, 750, 787, allows an unauthenticated attacker to redirect users to a malicious site due to insufficient URL validation. This could lead to the user being tricked to disclose personal information.",
"id": "GHSA-8rrr-f77p-65qc",
"modified": "2022-04-21T00:00:54Z",
"published": "2022-04-13T00:00:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28215"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3165333"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8RWP-72PF-CQ9G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:40Revive Adserver before 5.1.0 is vulnerable to open redirects via the dest, oadest, and/or ct0 parameters of the lg.php and ck.php delivery scripts. Such open redirects had previously been available by design to allow third party ad servers to track such metrics when delivering ads. However, third party click tracking via redirects is not a viable option anymore, leading to such open redirect functionality being removed and reclassified as a vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22873"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-26T18:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Revive Adserver before 5.1.0 is vulnerable to open redirects via the `dest`, `oadest`, and/or `ct0` parameters of the lg.php and ck.php delivery scripts. Such open redirects had previously been available by design to allow third party ad servers to track such metrics when delivering ads. However, third party click tracking via redirects is not a viable option anymore, leading to such open redirect functionality being removed and reclassified as a vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-8rwp-72pf-cq9g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:40:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:40:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22873"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/revive-adserver/revive-adserver/issues/1068"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1081406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.revive-adserver.com/security/revive-sa-2021-001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/161070/Revive-Adserver-5.0.5-Cross-Site-Scripting-Open-Redirect.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Jan/60"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.