Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-552

Allowed

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.

696 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-WJF7-6CX7-X9V8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-12 21:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability exists in Sitecore Experience Manager (XM), Experience Platform (XP), Experience Commerce (XC), and Managed Cloud that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to read arbitrary files. This vulnerability affects all Experience Platform topologies (XM, XP, XC) from 8.0 Initial Release through 10.4 Initial Release and later. This issue affects Content Management (CM) and standalone instances. PaaS and containerized solutions are also affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-34139"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T16:15:28Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability exists in Sitecore\u00a0Experience Manager (XM),\u00a0Experience Platform (XP),\u00a0Experience Commerce (XC), and\u00a0Managed Cloud that could allow an unauthenticated attacker to read arbitrary files.\u00a0This vulnerability affects all Experience Platform topologies (XM, XP, XC) from 8.0 Initial Release through 10.4 Initial Release and later. This issue affects Content Management (CM) and standalone instances. PaaS and containerized solutions are also affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-wjf7-6cx7-x9v8",
  "modified": "2025-11-12T21:31:04Z",
  "published": "2025-07-25T18:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-34139"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.sitecore.com/kb?id=kb_article_view\u0026sysparm_article=KB1003650"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.sitecore.com/kb?id=kb_article_view\u0026sysparm_article=KB1003661"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/sitecore-xm-xp-xc-managed-cloud-arbitrary-file-read"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WM59-M58R-X983

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-12 18:30 – Updated: 2026-05-13 18:30
VLAI
Details

The nexent v1.7.5.2 backend service contains an unauthorized arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in its ElasticSearch service interface. The DELETE /{index_name}/documents endpoint lacks proper authentication and authorization controls and does not validate the user-supplied path_or_url parameter. This allows unauthenticated remote attackers to send crafted requests that trigger the deletion of arbitrary documents from ElasticSearch indices and corresponding files from the MinIO storage system. Successful exploitation leads to data destruction and denial of service.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-31215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-12T16:16:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The nexent v1.7.5.2 backend service contains an unauthorized arbitrary file deletion vulnerability in its ElasticSearch service interface. The DELETE /{index_name}/documents endpoint lacks proper authentication and authorization controls and does not validate the user-supplied path_or_url parameter. This allows unauthenticated remote attackers to send crafted requests that trigger the deletion of arbitrary documents from ElasticSearch indices and corresponding files from the MinIO storage system. Successful exploitation leads to data destruction and denial of service.",
  "id": "GHSA-wm59-m58r-x983",
  "modified": "2026-05-13T18:30:40Z",
  "published": "2026-05-12T18:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ModelEngine-Group/nexent"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.notion.so/CVE-2026-31215-35d1e139318881f5946ed206d96e34d8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WQC2-2GPX-6J9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-11 09:30 – Updated: 2024-01-11 09:30
VLAI
Details

The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to insufficient path and file validation on the BMI_BACKUP case of the handle_downloading function in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download back-up files which can contain sensitive information such as user passwords, PII, database credentials, and much more.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6266"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-11T09:15:48Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Backup Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized access of data due to insufficient path and file validation on the BMI_BACKUP case of the handle_downloading function in all versions up to, and including, 1.3.6. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to download back-up files which can contain sensitive information such as user passwords, PII,  database credentials, and much more.",
  "id": "GHSA-wqc2-2gpx-6j9r",
  "modified": "2024-01-11T09:30:35Z",
  "published": "2024-01-11T09:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6266"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/backup-backup/tags/1.3.5/includes/initializer.php#L1048"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/backup-backup/tags/1.3.5/includes/initializer.php#L972"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/backup-backup/tags/1.3.7/includes/initializer.php#L1065"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/08801f53-3c57-41a3-a637-4b52637cc612?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WR3C-G326-486C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-09 19:45 – Updated: 2023-01-09 19:45
VLAI
Summary
GitOps Run allows for Kubernetes workload injection
Details

Impact

A vulnerability in GitOps run could allow a local user or process to alter a Kubernetes cluster's resources.

GitOps run has a local S3 bucket which it uses for synchronising files that are later applied against a Kubernetes cluster. Its endpoint had no security controls to block unauthorised access, therefore allowing local users (and processes) on the same machine to see and alter the bucket content.

By leveraging this vulnerability, an attacker could pick a workload of their choosing and inject it into the S3 bucket, which resulted in the successful deployment in the target cluster, without the need to provide any credentials to either the S3 bucket nor the target Kubernetes cluster.

Patches

This vulnerability has been fixed by commits 75268c4 and 966823b. Users should upgrade to Weave GitOps version >= v0.12.0 released on 08/12/2022.

Workarounds

There is no workaround for this vulnerability.

References

Disclosed by Paulo Gomes, Senior Software Engineer, Weaveworks.

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.11.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.12.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-23508"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-09T19:45:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-09T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nA vulnerability in GitOps run could allow a local user or process to alter a Kubernetes cluster\u0027s resources.\n\nGitOps run has a local S3 bucket which it uses for synchronising files that are later applied against a Kubernetes cluster. Its endpoint had no security controls to block unauthorised access, therefore allowing local users (and processes) on the same machine to see and alter the bucket content.\n\nBy leveraging this vulnerability, an attacker could pick a workload of their choosing and inject it into the S3 bucket, which resulted in the successful deployment in the target cluster, without the need to provide any credentials to either the S3 bucket nor the target Kubernetes cluster.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been fixed by commits [75268c4](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3114/commits/75268c4d2c8f7e4db22c63d76b451ba6545d117f) and [966823b](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3102/commits/966823bbda8c539a4661e2a4f8607c9307ba6225). Users should upgrade to Weave GitOps version \u003e= v0.12.0 released on 08/12/2022.\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no workaround for this vulnerability.\n\n### References\nDisclosed by Paulo Gomes, Senior Software Engineer, Weaveworks.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n- Open an issue in [Weave GitOps repository](https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops)\n- Email us at [support@weave.works](mailto:support@weave.works)\n",
  "id": "GHSA-wr3c-g326-486c",
  "modified": "2023-01-09T19:45:01Z",
  "published": "2023-01-09T19:45:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/security/advisories/GHSA-wr3c-g326-486c"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23508"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3102/commits/966823bbda8c539a4661e2a4f8607c9307ba6225"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops/pull/3114/commits/75268c4d2c8f7e4db22c63d76b451ba6545d117f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/weaveworks/weave-gitops"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "GitOps Run allows for Kubernetes workload injection"
}

GHSA-WR93-5PFW-4C2V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-15 12:30 – Updated: 2025-01-24 09:30
VLAI
Details

An unauthenticated remote attacker can get read access to files in the "/tmp" directory due to missing authentication.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-45276"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-15T11:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An unauthenticated remote attacker can get read access to files in the \"/tmp\" directory due to missing authentication.",
  "id": "GHSA-wr93-5pfw-4c2v",
  "modified": "2025-01-24T09:30:44Z",
  "published": "2024-10-15T12:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-45276"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2024-056"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2024-066"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2024-065.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRJH-X85J-VVG8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-30 18:30 – Updated: 2024-10-31 21:31
VLAI
Details

A file disclosure vulnerability exists in Sage 1000 v7.0.0. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to retrieve arbitrary files from the server's file system by manipulating the URL parameter in HTTP requests. The attacker can exploit this flaw to access sensitive information, including configuration files that may contain credentials and system settings, which could lead to further compromise of the server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-48647"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-30T18:15:07Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A file disclosure vulnerability exists in Sage 1000 v7.0.0. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to retrieve arbitrary files from the server\u0027s file system by manipulating the URL parameter in HTTP requests. The attacker can exploit this flaw to access sensitive information, including configuration files that may contain credentials and system settings, which could lead to further compromise of the server.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrjh-x85j-vvg8",
  "modified": "2024-10-31T21:31:45Z",
  "published": "2024-10-30T18:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-48647"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/hx381/Sage-1000-v7.0.0-Exploit/blob/main/README.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WRW5-8CW7-5JM9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:43 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:46
VLAI
Details

Intelbras WRN 150 devices allow remote attackers to read the configuration file, and consequently bypass authentication, via a direct request for cgi-bin/DownloadCfg/RouterCfm.cfg containing an admin:language=pt cookie.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-14942"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-30T01:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Intelbras WRN 150 devices allow remote attackers to read the configuration file, and consequently bypass authentication, via a direct request for cgi-bin/DownloadCfg/RouterCfm.cfg containing an admin:language=pt cookie.",
  "id": "GHSA-wrw5-8cw7-5jm9",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:46:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:43:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-14942"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42916"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://whiteboyz.xyz/authentication-bypass-intelbras-wrn-150.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WV4H-QXH7-5899

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-31 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-31 15:32
VLAI
Details

The Paid Membership Subscriptions WordPress plugin before 3.0.7 does not protect the member and payment export files it writes to a predictable location in the uploads directory, allowing unauthenticated users to download the exported member and payment data (including PII) while an export artifact is present.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-14849"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-31T07:16:25Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "The Paid Membership Subscriptions  WordPress plugin before 3.0.7 does not protect the member and payment export files it writes to a predictable location in the uploads directory, allowing unauthenticated users to download the exported member and payment data (including PII) while an export artifact is present.",
  "id": "GHSA-wv4h-qxh7-5899",
  "modified": "2026-07-31T15:32:49Z",
  "published": "2026-07-31T09:31:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14849"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/306a498d-0740-479b-b182-71fc3d7452bb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WV58-FX9P-FW8M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-16 15:34 – Updated: 2025-04-16 15:34
VLAI
Details

Local File Inclusion vulnerability in Ready's attachment upload panel allows low privileged user to provide link to a local file using the file:// protocol thus allowing the attacker to read content of the file. This vulnerability can be use to read content of system files.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1982"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-16T13:15:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Local File Inclusion vulnerability in Ready\u0027s attachment upload panel allows low privileged user to provide link to a local file using the file:// protocol thus allowing the attacker to read content of the file. This vulnerability can be use to read content of system files.",
  "id": "GHSA-wv58-fx9p-fw8m",
  "modified": "2025-04-16T15:34:33Z",
  "published": "2025-04-16T15:34:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1982"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/04/CVE-2025-1980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.pl/posts/2025/04/CVE-2025-1980"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ready-os.com/pl"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-WX79-R3Q8-FQ9H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-06 21:14 – Updated: 2023-07-06 23:28
VLAI
Summary
Apache InLong has Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties in Apache InLong
Details

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache InLong. This issue affects Apache InLong: from 1.4.0 through 1.6.0. Different users in InLong could delete, edit, stop, and start others' sources. Users are advised to upgrade to Apache InLong's 1.7.0 or cherry-pick https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/7775 to solve it.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.inlong:manager-service"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.inlong:manager-web"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.7.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31066"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-06T23:28:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-05-22T16:15:10Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache InLong. This issue affects Apache InLong: from 1.4.0 through 1.6.0. Different users in InLong could\u00a0delete, edit, stop, and start others\u0027 sources.\u00a0Users are advised to upgrade to Apache InLong\u0027s 1.7.0 or cherry-pick https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/7775 to solve it.\n\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-wx79-r3q8-fq9h",
  "modified": "2023-07-06T23:28:55Z",
  "published": "2023-07-06T21:14:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31066"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/7775"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/inlong"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/x7y05wo37sq5l9fnmmsjh2dr9kcjrcxf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Apache InLong has Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties in Apache InLong"
}

Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to disable public access.

CAPEC-150: Collect Data from Common Resource Locations

An adversary exploits well-known locations for resources for the purposes of undermining the security of the target. In many, if not most systems, files and resources are organized in a default tree structure. This can be useful for adversaries because they often know where to look for resources or files that are necessary for attacks. Even when the precise location of a targeted resource may not be known, naming conventions may indicate a small area of the target machine's file tree where the resources are typically located. For example, configuration files are normally stored in the /etc director on Unix systems. Adversaries can take advantage of this to commit other types of attacks.

CAPEC-639: Probe System Files

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to improperly protected files. If an application stores sensitive information in a file that is not protected by proper access control, then an adversary can access the file and search for sensitive information.