Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-444
AllowedInconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.
621 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-28368 (GCVE-0-2026-28368)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 16:13 – Updated: 2026-06-29 09:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Undertow: undertow: request smuggling via inconsistent header parsing
Summary
A flaw was found in Undertow. This vulnerability allows a remote attacker to construct specially crafted requests where header names are parsed differently by Undertow compared to upstream proxies. This discrepancy in header interpretation can be exploited to launch request smuggling attacks, potentially bypassing security controls and accessing unauthorized resources.
Severity
8.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-27 18:49 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25125 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25126 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28368 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2443261 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.40.0-7.redhat_00015.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:801.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.3.24-3.SP2_redhat_00001.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:8.1.6-7.GA_redhat_00010.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.40.0-7.redhat_00015.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:801.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.3.24-3.SP2_redhat_00001.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:8.1.6-7.GA_redhat_00010.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7
|
Date Public
2025-08-27 00:00
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"packageName": "eap8-activemq-artemis",
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CVE-2026-28367 (GCVE-0-2026-28367)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 16:13 – Updated: 2026-06-29 09:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Undertow: undertow: request smuggling via `\r\r\r` as a header block terminator
Summary
A flaw was found in Undertow. A remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending `\r\r\r` as a header block terminator. This can be used for request smuggling with certain proxy servers, such as older versions of Apache Traffic Server and Google Cloud Classic Application Load Balancer, potentially leading to unauthorized access or manipulation of web requests.
Severity
8.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-31 13:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25125 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25126 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28367 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2443260 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
21 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.40.0-7.redhat_00015.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:801.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.3.24-3.SP2_redhat_00001.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
Unaffected:
0:8.1.6-7.GA_redhat_00010.1.el8eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.40.0-7.redhat_00015.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:801.6.1-1.GA_redhat_00001.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.3.24-3.SP2_redhat_00001.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
Unaffected:
0:8.1.6-7.GA_redhat_00010.1.el9eap , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Data Grid 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_data_grid:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7
|
Date Public
2025-08-27 00:00
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CVE-2026-27690 (GCVE-0-2026-27690)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-14 00:17 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HTTP Request Smuggling in SAP Approuter
Summary
Due to an HTTP Request Smuggling vulnerability in SAP Approuter, an unauthenticated attacker could send a specially crafted HTTP request that leads to request-response desynchronization. This could result in the exposure of user responses and cause the system to become unavailable. This leads to a high impact on confidentiality and availability.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 12:45 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SAP_SE | SAP Approuter |
Affected:
SAP Approuter node.js package < 20.10.0
|
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CVE-2026-26365 (GCVE-0-2026-26365)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-23 00:00 – Updated: 2026-02-23 20:58 Exclusively Hosted Service
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Akamai Ghost on Akamai CDN edge servers before 2026-02-06 mishandles processing of custom hop-by-hop HTTP headers, where an incoming request containing the header "Connection: Transfer-Encoding" could result in a forward request with invalid message framing, depending on the Akamai processing path. This could result in the origin server parsing the request body incorrectly, leading to HTTP request smuggling.
Severity
4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-23 20:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
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CVE-2026-24880 (GCVE-0-2026-24880)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 19:12 – Updated: 2026-04-10 18:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Tomcat: Request smuggling via invalid chunk extension
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Tomcat via invalid chunk extension.
This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.18, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.52, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.115, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109.
Other, unsupported versions may also be affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.20, 10.1.52 or 9.0.116, which fix the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-10 18:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/2c682qnlg2tv4o5kn… | vendor-advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/0… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Tomcat |
Affected:
11.0.0-M1 , ≤ 11.0.18
(semver)
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CVE-2026-24033 (GCVE-0-2026-24033)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 07:22 – Updated: 2026-07-29 13:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Traffic Server: Request smuggling via chunked extension quoted-string parsing
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') vulnerability in Apache Traffic Server.
This issue affects Apache Traffic Server: from 10.0.0 through 10.1.3, from 9.0.0 through 9.2.14.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.2.15 or 10.1.4, which fixes the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-29 13:12 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/5prl9glcm9g2swnq9… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Traffic Server |
Affected:
10.0.0 , ≤ 10.1.3
(semver)
Affected: 9.0.0 , ≤ 9.2.14 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-23941 (GCVE-0-2026-23941)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-13 09:11 – Updated: 2026-07-24 14:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Request smuggling via first-wins Content-Length parsing in inets httpd
Summary
Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling') vulnerability in Erlang OTP (inets httpd module) allows HTTP Request Smuggling.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/inets/src/http_server/httpd_request.erl and program routines httpd_request:parse_headers/7.
The server does not reject or normalize duplicate Content-Length headers. The earliest Content-Length in the request is used for body parsing while common reverse proxies (nginx, Apache httpd, Envoy) honor the last Content-Length value. This violates RFC 9112 Section 6.3 and allows front-end/back-end desynchronization, leaving attacker-controlled bytes queued as the start of the next request.
This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before OTP 28.4.1, OTP 27.3.4.9 and OTP 26.2.5.18, corresponding to inets from 5.10 before 9.6.1, 9.3.2.3 and 9.1.0.5.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-13 16:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request Smuggling')
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/security/advisories… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-23941.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-23941 | related |
| https://www.erlang.org/doc/system/versions.html#o… | x_version-scheme |
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/a4b46336fd25… | patch |
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/a761d391d8d0… | patch |
| https://github.com/erlang/otp/commit/e775a332f623… | patch |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-23527 (GCVE-0-2026-23527)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-15 19:24 – Updated: 2026-04-13 16:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
h3 v1 has Request Smuggling (TE.TE) issue
Summary
H3 is a minimal H(TTP) framework built for high performance and portability. Prior to 1.15.5, there is a critical HTTP Request Smuggling vulnerability. readRawBody is doing a strict case-sensitive check for the Transfer-Encoding header. It explicitly looks for "chunked", but per the RFC, this header should be case-insensitive. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.15.5.
Severity
8.9 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-15 19:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/h3js/h3/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/h3js/h3/commit/618ccf4f37b8b61… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/h3js/h3/releases/tag/v1.15.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://simonkoeck.com/writeups/h3-transfer-encod… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-20069 (GCVE-0-2026-20069)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 17:51 – Updated: 2026-03-04 20:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance and Secure Firewall Threat Defense Software VPN Web Services Client-Side Request Smuggling Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the VPN web services component of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to conduct browser-based attacks against users of an affected device.
This vulnerability is due to improper validation of HTTP requests. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by persuading a user to visit a website that is designed to pass malicious HTTP requests to a device that is running Cisco Secure Firewall ASA Software or Cisco Secure FTD Software and has web services endpoints supporting VPN features enabled. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to reflect malicious input from the affected device to the browser that is in use and conduct browser-based attacks, including cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks. The attacker is not able to directly impact the affected device.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-04 20:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software |
Affected:
9.12.3
Affected: 9.12.1 Affected: 9.12.2 Affected: 9.12.4 Affected: 9.12.3.2 Affected: 9.12.3.7 Affected: 9.12.2.5 Affected: 9.12.3.12 Affected: 9.12.1.3 Affected: 9.12.2.4 Affected: 9.12.1.2 Affected: 9.12.2.9 Affected: 9.12.3.9 Affected: 9.12.2.1 Affected: 9.12.4.2 Affected: 9.12.4.4 Affected: 9.12.4.7 Affected: 9.12.4.8 Affected: 9.12.4.10 Affected: 9.12.4.13 Affected: 9.12.4.18 Affected: 9.12.4.24 Affected: 9.16.1 Affected: 9.12.4.26 Affected: 9.16.1.28 Affected: 9.12.4.29 Affected: 9.16.2 Affected: 9.12.4.30 Affected: 9.16.2.3 Affected: 9.12.4.35 Affected: 9.16.2.7 Affected: 9.12.4.37 Affected: 9.17.1 Affected: 9.16.2.11 Affected: 9.16.2.13 Affected: 9.12.4.39 Affected: 9.12.4.38 Affected: 9.16.2.14 Affected: 9.17.1.7 Affected: 9.12.4.40 Affected: 9.16.3.3 Affected: 9.16.3 Affected: 9.16.3.14 Affected: 9.17.1.9 Affected: 9.12.4.41 Affected: 9.17.1.10 Affected: 9.18.1 Affected: 9.12.4.47 Affected: 9.16.3.15 Affected: 9.18.1.3 Affected: 9.17.1.11 Affected: 9.12.4.48 Affected: 9.18.2 Affected: 9.16.3.19 Affected: 9.17.1.13 Affected: 9.12.4.50 Affected: 9.17.1.15 Affected: 9.12.4.52 Affected: 9.16.3.23 Affected: 9.18.2.5 Affected: 9.16.4 Affected: 9.12.4.54 Affected: 9.17.1.20 Affected: 9.18.2.7 Affected: 9.19.1 Affected: 9.16.4.9 Affected: 9.12.4.55 Affected: 9.18.2.8 Affected: 9.16.4.14 Affected: 9.18.3 Affected: 9.19.1.5 Affected: 9.12.4.56 Affected: 9.17.1.30 Affected: 9.19.1.9 Affected: 9.18.3.39 Affected: 9.16.4.19 Affected: 9.12.4.58 Affected: 9.19.1.12 Affected: 9.18.3.46 Affected: 9.16.4.27 Affected: 9.19.1.18 Affected: 9.18.3.53 Affected: 9.18.3.55 Affected: 9.16.4.38 Affected: 9.17.1.33 Affected: 9.12.4.62 Affected: 9.16.4.39 Affected: 9.18.3.56 Affected: 9.20.1 Affected: 9.16.4.42 Affected: 9.19.1.22 Affected: 9.18.4 Affected: 9.20.1.5 Affected: 9.18.4.5 Affected: 9.19.1.24 Affected: 9.16.4.48 Affected: 9.18.4.8 Affected: 9.20.2 Affected: 9.19.1.27 Affected: 9.12.4.65 Affected: 9.16.4.55 Affected: 9.18.4.22 Affected: 9.20.2.10 Affected: 9.16.4.57 Affected: 9.19.1.28 Affected: 9.17.1.39 Affected: 9.12.4.67 Affected: 9.18.4.24 Affected: 9.20.2.21 Affected: 9.16.4.61 Affected: 9.19.1.31 Affected: 9.18.4.29 Affected: 9.20.2.22 Affected: 9.16.4.62 Affected: 9.18.4.34 Affected: 9.20.3 Affected: 9.16.4.67 Affected: 9.16.4.70 Affected: 9.18.4.40 Affected: 9.23.1 Affected: 9.22.1.1 Affected: 9.16.4.71 Affected: 9.20.3.4 Affected: 9.18.4.47 Affected: 9.20.3.7 Affected: 9.17.1.45 Affected: 9.19.1.37 Affected: 9.17.1.46 Affected: 9.16.4.76 Affected: 9.20.3.9 Affected: 9.19.1.38 Affected: 9.18.4.50 Affected: 9.22.1.3 Affected: 9.20.3.10 Affected: 9.22.1.2 Affected: 9.18.4.52 Affected: 9.20.3.13 Affected: 9.22.1.6 Affected: 9.18.4.53 Affected: 9.16.4.82 Affected: 9.22.2 Affected: 9.20.3.16 Affected: 9.19.1.42 Affected: 9.18.4.57 Affected: 9.16.4.84 Affected: 9.23.1.3 Affected: 9.20.3.20 Affected: 9.22.2.4 Affected: 9.23.1.7 Affected: 9.20.4 Affected: 9.22.2.9 |
|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software |
Affected:
6.4.0.1
Affected: 6.4.0.2 Affected: 6.4.0.5 Affected: 6.4.0 Affected: 6.4.0.3 Affected: 6.4.0.4 Affected: 6.4.0.6 Affected: 6.4.0.7 Affected: 6.4.0.8 Affected: 6.4.0.9 Affected: 6.4.0.10 Affected: 6.4.0.11 Affected: 6.4.0.12 Affected: 7.0.0 Affected: 7.0.0.1 Affected: 7.0.1 Affected: 7.1.0 Affected: 6.4.0.13 Affected: 7.0.1.1 Affected: 6.4.0.14 Affected: 7.1.0.1 Affected: 7.0.2 Affected: 6.4.0.15 Affected: 7.2.0 Affected: 7.0.2.1 Affected: 7.0.3 Affected: 7.1.0.2 Affected: 7.2.0.1 Affected: 7.0.4 Affected: 7.2.1 Affected: 7.0.5 Affected: 6.4.0.16 Affected: 7.3.0 Affected: 7.2.2 Affected: 7.2.3 Affected: 7.3.1 Affected: 7.1.0.3 Affected: 7.2.4 Affected: 7.0.6 Affected: 7.2.5 Affected: 7.2.4.1 Affected: 7.3.1.1 Affected: 7.4.0 Affected: 6.4.0.17 Affected: 7.0.6.1 Affected: 7.2.5.1 Affected: 7.4.1 Affected: 7.2.6 Affected: 7.0.6.2 Affected: 7.4.1.1 Affected: 6.4.0.18 Affected: 7.2.7 Affected: 7.2.5.2 Affected: 7.3.1.2 Affected: 7.2.8 Affected: 7.6.0 Affected: 7.4.2 Affected: 7.2.8.1 Affected: 7.0.6.3 Affected: 7.4.2.1 Affected: 7.2.9 Affected: 7.0.7 Affected: 7.7.0 Affected: 7.4.2.2 Affected: 7.2.10 Affected: 7.6.1 Affected: 7.4.2.3 Affected: 7.0.8 Affected: 7.6.2 Affected: 7.7.10 Affected: 7.0.8.1 Affected: 7.6.2.1 Affected: 7.7.10.1 Affected: 7.4.2.4 Affected: 7.2.10.2 |
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CVE-2026-16728 (GCVE-0-2026-16728)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 20:59 – Updated: 2026-07-30 15:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
undici vulnerable to downstream response desynchronization via retry interceptor
Summary
undici's retry interceptor can deliver a response whose body length does not match the Content-Length header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a malicious or faulty upstream can return a partial response with a mismatched framing header, close the socket early, and have the retry interceptor assemble a body of a different length while the original Content-Length stays attached. Applications that use the retry interceptor and forward upstream headers and bodies downstream, such as proxies or gateways, may then emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale Content-Length, leading to downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption. Exploitation requires the retry interceptor enabled, an upstream returning a mismatched partial response, and a downstream forwarder that does not remove or recalculate Content-Length. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and 8.9.0.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-30 14:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
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"value": "undici\u0027s retry interceptor can deliver a response whose body length does not match the Content-Length header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a malicious or faulty upstream can return a partial response with a mismatched framing header, close the socket early, and have the retry interceptor assemble a body of a different length while the original Content-Length stays attached. Applications that use the retry interceptor and forward upstream headers and bodies downstream, such as proxies or gateways, may then emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale Content-Length, leading to downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption. Exploitation requires the retry interceptor enabled, an upstream returning a mismatched partial response, and a downstream forwarder that does not remove or recalculate Content-Length. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and 8.9.0."
}
],
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{
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"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
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"value": "GENERAL"
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"problemTypes": [
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"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-444",
"description": "CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests (\u0027HTTP Request/Response Smuggling\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-29T20:59:02.314Z",
"orgId": "ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb",
"shortName": "openjs"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/nodejs/undici/security/advisories/GHSA-8xcm-r25x-g524"
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{
"url": "https://cna.openjsf.org/security-advisories.html"
}
],
"title": "undici vulnerable to downstream response desynchronization via retry interceptor",
"x_generator": {
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}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ce714d77-add3-4f53-aff5-83d477b104bb",
"assignerShortName": "openjs",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-16728",
"datePublished": "2026-07-29T20:59:02.314Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-07-23T04:21:23.161Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-30T15:18:18.440Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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}
Mitigation
Implementation
Use a web server that employs a strict HTTP parsing procedure, such as Apache [REF-433].
Mitigation
Implementation
Use only SSL communication.
Mitigation
Implementation
Terminate the client session after each request.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Turn all pages to non-cacheable.
CAPEC-273: HTTP Response Smuggling
An adversary manipulates and injects malicious content in the form of secret unauthorized HTTP responses, into a single HTTP response from a vulnerable or compromised back-end HTTP agent (e.g., server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.
CAPEC-33: HTTP Request Smuggling
An adversary abuses the flexibility and discrepancies in the parsing and interpretation of HTTP Request messages using various HTTP headers, request-line and body parameters as well as message sizes (denoted by the end of message signaled by a given HTTP header) by different intermediary HTTP agents (e.g., load balancer, reverse proxy, web caching proxies, application firewalls, etc.) to secretly send unauthorized and malicious HTTP requests to a back-end HTTP agent (e.g., web server).
See CanPrecede relationships for possible consequences.