Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-352

Weakness Allowed

Cross-Site Request Forgery

Abstraction: Compound · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.

Mapping guidance

This is a well-known Composite of multiple weaknesses that must all occur simultaneously, although it is attack-oriented in nature.

While attack-oriented composites are supported in CWE, they have not been a focus of research. There is a chance that future research or CWE scope clarifications will change or deprecate them. Perform root-cause analysis to determine if other weaknesses allow CSRF attacks to occur, and map to those weaknesses. For example, predictable CSRF tokens might allow bypass of CSRF protection mechanisms; if this occurs, they might be better characterized as randomness/predictability weaknesses.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-345 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-345 · View CWE-1003
Requires: CWE-346 · View CWE-1000
Requires: CWE-441 · View CWE-1000
Requires: CWE-642 · View CWE-1000
Requires: CWE-613 · View CWE-1000
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.

Detection methods

Manual Analysis

This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.

Specifically, manual analysis can be useful for finding this weakness, and for minimizing false positives assuming an understanding of business logic. However, it might not achieve desired code coverage within limited time constraints. For black-box analysis, if credentials are not known for privileged accounts, then the most security-critical portions of the application may not receive sufficient attention.

Consider using OWASP CSRFTester to identify potential issues and aid in manual analysis.

Effectiveness: High

These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.

Automated Static Analysis

CSRF is currently difficult to detect reliably using automated techniques. This is because each application has its own implicit security policy that dictates which requests can be influenced by an outsider and automatically performed on behalf of a user, versus which requests require strong confidence that the user intends to make the request. For example, a keyword search of the public portion of a web site is typically expected to be encoded within a link that can be launched automatically when the user clicks on the link.

Effectiveness: Limited

Automated Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Bytecode Weakness Analysis - including disassembler + source code weakness analysis

Binary Weakness Analysis - including disassembler + source code weakness analysis

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Highly cost effective:

Web Application Scanner

Effectiveness: High

Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Highly cost effective:

Fuzz Tester

Framework-based Fuzzer

Effectiveness: High

Manual Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source

Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Automated Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Source code Weakness Analyzer

Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Architecture or Design Review

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)

Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Notes

Relationship

There can be a close relationship between XSS and CSRF (CWE-352). An attacker might use CSRF in order to trick the victim into submitting requests to the server in which the requests contain an XSS payload. A well-known example of this was the Samy worm on MySpace [REF-956]. The worm used XSS to insert malicious HTML sequences into a user's profile and add the attacker as a MySpace friend. MySpace friends of that victim would then execute the payload to modify their own profiles, causing the worm to propagate exponentially. Since the victims did not intentionally insert the malicious script themselves, CSRF was a root cause.

Theoretical

The CSRF topology is multi-channel:

Attacker (as outsider) to intermediary (as user). The interaction point is either an external or internal channel.

Intermediary (as user) to server (as victim). The activation point is an internal channel.

Content history
Submission: PLOVER · 2006-07-19 · CWE Draft 3
Contribution: Abhi Balakrishnan · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.17

Contributed usability diagram concepts used by the CWE team.

Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Alternate_Terms, Description, Relationships, Other_Notes, Relationship_Notes, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-01-12 · CWE 1.2

updated Applicable_Platforms, Description, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Other_Notes, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationship_Notes, Relationships, Research_Gaps, Theoretical_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-03-10 · CWE 1.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: Tom Stracener · 2009-05-20 · CWE 1.4

Added demonstrative example for profile.

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-12-28 · CWE 1.7

updated Common_Consequences, Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-02-16 · CWE 1.8

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Common_Consequences, Detection_Factors, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-09-27 · CWE 1.10

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Description

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-27 · CWE 2.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-09-13 · CWE 2.1

updated Potential_Mitigations, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-10-30 · CWE 2.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-02-21 · CWE 2.4

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-07-17 · CWE 2.5

updated References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Detection_Factors

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2015-12-07 · CWE 2.9

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated References, Relationship_Notes, Research_Gaps

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-09-19 · CWE 3.4

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-06-25 · CWE 4.1

updated Relationships, Theoretical_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-08-20 · CWE 4.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-07-20 · CWE 4.5

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-06-28 · CWE 4.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-11-19 · CWE 4.16

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-04-03 · CWE 4.17

updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Detection_Factors, Potential_Mitigations, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Name, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

15010 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2022-46800 (GCVE-0-2022-46800)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-25 08:53 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress LiteSpeed Cache Plugin <= 5.3 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in LiteSpeed Technologies LiteSpeed Cache plugin <= 5.3 versions.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-08 21:50 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
LiteSpeed Technologies LiteSpeed Cache Affected: n/a , ≤ 5.3 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
thiennv (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46798 (GCVE-0-2022-46798)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-01 14:00 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress WooLentor Plugin <= 2.5.1 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in HasThemes ShopLentor plugin <= 2.5.1 leading to plugin settings change.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-13 15:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HasThemes ShopLentor Affected: n/a , ≤ 2.5.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Muhammad Daffa (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46797 (GCVE-0-2022-46797)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-01 13:43 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress Conversios.io Plugin <= 5.2.3 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Conversios All-in-one Google Analytics, Pixels and Product Feed Manager for WooCommerce plugin <= 5.2.3 leads to plugin settings change.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-13 15:30 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Muhammad Daffa (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46794 (GCVE-0-2022-46794)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-24 16:00 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress WooCommerce Weight Based Shipping Plugin <= 5.4.1 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in weightbasedshipping.Com WooCommerce Weight Based Shipping plugin <= 5.4.1 versions.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-08 21:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Muhammad Daffa (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46793 (GCVE-0-2022-46793)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-04-06 12:44 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress Product Feed PRO for WooCommerce Plugin <= 12.4.4 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in AdTribes.Io Product Feed PRO for WooCommerce plugin <= 12.4.4 versions.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-10 17:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AdTribes.io Product Feed PRO for WooCommerce Affected: n/a , ≤ 12.4.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Muhammad Daffa (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46368 (GCVE-0-2022-46368)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-12 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-08 16:20
VLAI
Title
Rumpus - FTP server Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) – Create user
Summary
Rumpus - FTP server version 9.0.7.1 Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) – vulnerability may allow unauthorized action on behalf of authenticated users.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-08 16:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
INCD CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 69/100 over 17 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Rumpus FTP server Affected: latest , < 9.0.7.1* (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-01-12 00:00
Credits
Moshe Mizrahi, Almog Cygel
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-46367 (GCVE-0-2022-46367)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-01-12 00:00 – Updated: 2025-04-08 16:00
VLAI
Title
Rumpus - FTP server Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) – Privilege escalation
Summary
Rumpus - FTP server Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) – Privilege escalation vulnerability that may allow privilege escalation.
Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-04-08 15:58 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
INCD CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 69/100 over 17 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Rumpus FTP server Affected: latest , < 9.0.7.1* (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-01-12 00:00
Credits
Moshe Mizrahi, Almog Cygel
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-45850 (GCVE-0-2022-45850)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-28 06:55 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress Image Map Pro premium plugin < 5.6.9 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) leading to Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nickys Image Map Pro allows Stored XSS.This issue affects Image Map Pro: from n/a before 5.6.9.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-03-28 15:49 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Nickys Image Map Pro Affected: n/a , < 5.6.9 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Dave Jong (Patchstack)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-45847 (GCVE-0-2022-45847)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-27 13:48 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress Countdown Widget plugin <= 3.1.9.1 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) leading to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in WPAssist.Me WordPress Countdown Widget allows Cross-Site Scripting (XSS).This issue affects WordPress Countdown Widget: from n/a through 3.1.9.1.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-03-29 13:51 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WPAssist.me WordPress Countdown Widget Affected: n/a , ≤ 3.1.9.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Rasi Afeef (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2022-45846 (GCVE-0-2022-45846)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-10 11:08 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:07
VLAI
Title
WordPress Image Map Pro Plugin < 5.6.9 is vulnerable to Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Summary
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Nickys Image Map Pro for WordPress - Interactive SVG Image Map Builder plugin < 5.6.9 versions.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-09 14:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 75/100 over 3411 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Credits
Dave Jong (Patchstack)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. [REF-330]
  • Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF. [REF-45]
Mitigation
Implementation

Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330). [REF-332]

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Identify especially dangerous operations. When the user performs a dangerous operation, send a separate confirmation request to ensure that the user intended to perform that operation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Use the "double-submitted cookie" method as described by Felten and Zeller:
  • When a user visits a site, the site should generate a pseudorandom value and set it as a cookie on the user's machine. The site should require every form submission to include this value as a form value and also as a cookie value. When a POST request is sent to the site, the request should only be considered valid if the form value and the cookie value are the same.
  • Because of the same-origin policy, an attacker cannot read or modify the value stored in the cookie. To successfully submit a form on behalf of the user, the attacker would have to correctly guess the pseudorandom value. If the pseudorandom value is cryptographically strong, this will be prohibitively difficult.
  • This technique requires Javascript, so it may not work for browsers that have Javascript disabled. [REF-331]
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Do not use the GET method for any request that triggers a state change.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check the HTTP Referer header to see if the request originated from an expected page. This could break legitimate functionality, because users or proxies may have disabled sending the Referer for privacy reasons.

CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)

An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.

CAPEC-462: Cross-Domain Search Timing

An attacker initiates cross domain HTTP / GET requests and times the server responses. The timing of these responses may leak important information on what is happening on the server. Browser's same origin policy prevents the attacker from directly reading the server responses (in the absence of any other weaknesses), but does not prevent the attacker from timing the responses to requests that the attacker issued cross domain.

CAPEC-467: Cross Site Identification

An attacker harvests identifying information about a victim via an active session that the victim's browser has with a social networking site. A victim may have the social networking site open in one tab or perhaps is simply using the "remember me" feature to keep their session with the social networking site active. An attacker induces a payload to execute in the victim's browser that transparently to the victim initiates a request to the social networking site (e.g., via available social network site APIs) to retrieve identifying information about a victim. While some of this information may be public, the attacker is able to harvest this information in context and may use it for further attacks on the user (e.g., spear phishing).

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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