CWE-345
DiscouragedInsufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
949 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-77H8-XR85-3X5Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2023-01-27 00:52Hammer CLI, a CLI utility for Foreman, before version 0.10.0, did not explicitly set the verify_ssl flag for apipie-bindings that disable it by default. As a result the server certificates are not checked and connections are prone to man-in-the-middle attacks.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "hammer_cli_foreman"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.10.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2667"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295",
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-27T00:52:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-12T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hammer CLI, a CLI utility for Foreman, before version 0.10.0, did not explicitly set the verify_ssl flag for apipie-bindings that disable it by default. As a result the server certificates are not checked and connections are prone to man-in-the-middle attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-77h8-xr85-3x5q",
"modified": "2023-01-27T00:52:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:0336"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1436262"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/hammer_cli_foreman/CVE-2017-2667.yml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/theforeman/hammer-cli-foreman"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20200227181720/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://projects.theforeman.org/issues/19033"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97153"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "hammer_cli_foreman Improper Certificate Validation vulnerability"
}
GHSA-77PM-GXX7-5C5F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-10-12 12:00A flaw was found in RPM's signature check functionality when reading a package file. This flaw allows an attacker who can convince a victim to install a seemingly verifiable package, whose signature header was modified, to cause RPM database corruption and execute code. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data integrity, confidentiality, and system availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20271"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-26T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in RPM\u0027s signature check functionality when reading a package file. This flaw allows an attacker who can convince a victim to install a seemingly verifiable package, whose signature header was modified, to cause RPM database corruption and execute code. The highest threat from this vulnerability is to data integrity, confidentiality, and system availability.",
"id": "GHSA-77pm-gxx7-5c5f",
"modified": "2022-10-12T12:00:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:45:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rpm-software-management/rpm/commit/d6a86b5e69e46cc283b1e06c92343319beb42e21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.starwindsoftware.com/security/sw-20220805-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-43"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YILPBTPSBRYL4POBI3F4YUSVPSOQNJBY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VHRPNBCRPDJHHQE3MBPSZK4H7X2IM7AC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TMGXO3W6DHPO62GJ4VVF5DEUX5DRUR5K"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YILPBTPSBRYL4POBI3F4YUSVPSOQNJBY"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/VHRPNBCRPDJHHQE3MBPSZK4H7X2IM7AC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TMGXO3W6DHPO62GJ4VVF5DEUX5DRUR5K"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1934125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-20271"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:4975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:4785"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:4771"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:2791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2021:2574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHBA-2021:2854"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-77Q5-RR5V-X43Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-02 17:22 – Updated: 2026-07-02 17:22Summary
Trusted retry endpoint checks could match hostname prefixes. In affected versions, a retry endpoint URL chosen by lower-trust input could pass validation by using a hostname prefix that resembled a trusted host.
This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.
Impact
When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could send authentication material to an endpoint outside the intended trust target. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.
Patched Versions
The first stable patched version is 2026.5.7.
Mitigations
pin retry endpoints to exact trusted origins until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "openclaw"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.5.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1023",
"CWE-20",
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-02T17:22:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\nTrusted retry endpoint checks could match hostname prefixes. In affected versions, a retry endpoint URL chosen by lower-trust input could pass validation by using a hostname prefix that resembled a trusted host.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could send authentication material to an endpoint outside the intended trust target. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.5.7`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\npin retry endpoints to exact trusted origins until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
"id": "GHSA-77q5-rr5v-x43q",
"modified": "2026-07-02T17:22:11Z",
"published": "2026-07-02T17:22:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-77q5-rr5v-x43q"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "OpenClaw: Trusted retry endpoint checks could match hostname prefixes"
}
GHSA-789H-4F4Q-2GQ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-12 18:32 – Updated: 2026-06-12 18:32Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity in Remote Control for Zoom Contact Center for Windows before version 7.0.0 may allow an authenticated user to enable an escalation of privilege via local access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T18:16:35Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity in Remote Control for Zoom Contact Center for Windows before version 7.0.0 may allow an authenticated user to enable an escalation of privilege via local access.",
"id": "GHSA-789h-4f4q-2gq6",
"modified": "2026-06-12T18:32:00Z",
"published": "2026-06-12T18:32:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zoom.com/en/trust/security-bulletin/zsb-26009"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-797C-P7MM-PF4H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-12 15:30 – Updated: 2024-01-12 15:30An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 12.2 prior to 16.5.6, 16.6 prior to 16.6.4, and 16.7 prior to 16.7.2 in which an attacker could potentially modify the metadata of signed commits.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2030"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345",
"CWE-347"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-12T14:15:47Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 12.2 prior to 16.5.6, 16.6 prior to 16.6.4, and 16.7 prior to 16.7.2 in which an attacker could potentially modify the metadata of signed commits.",
"id": "GHSA-797c-p7mm-pf4h",
"modified": "2024-01-12T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2024-01-12T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2030"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1929929"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/407252"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-799F-29JM-GR6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 19:38 – Updated: 2026-06-10 13:41Impact
A logic flaw in BlockInclusionProof::is_block_proven causes the function to return true without performing any cryptographic verification when get_interlink_hops yields an empty hop list. This occurs when the target block is at the election block position immediately preceding the election head's epoch. An attacker providing transaction inclusion proofs can forge a MacroBlock header for that epoch position and have it accepted as "proven" without any hash or signature verification.
Patches
The patch for this vulnerability is formally released as part of v1.4.0.
Workarounds
No Workarounds
Resources
See PR.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "crates.io",
"name": "nimiq-primitives"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46539"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-21T19:38:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-10T00:16:54Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA logic flaw in `BlockInclusionProof::is_block_proven` causes the function to return true without performing any cryptographic verification when `get_interlink_hops` yields an empty hop list. This occurs when the target block is at the election block position immediately preceding the election head\u0027s epoch. An attacker providing transaction inclusion proofs can forge a MacroBlock header for that epoch position and have it accepted as \"proven\" without any hash or signature verification.\n\n### Patches\n[The patch for this vulnerability](https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/pull/3705) is formally released as part of [v1.4.0](https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/releases/tag/v1.4.0).\n\n### Workarounds\nNo Workarounds\n\n### Resources\nSee [PR](https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/pull/3705).",
"id": "GHSA-799f-29jm-gr6c",
"modified": "2026-06-10T13:41:26Z",
"published": "2026-05-21T19:38:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/security/advisories/GHSA-799f-29jm-gr6c"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/pull/3705"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/commit/cc5a1d54bbbffd1ea975bd2ee87d5f7b3b30bbf1"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nimiq/core-rs-albatross/releases/tag/v1.4.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "nimiq-primitives: BlockInclusionProof interlink issue when hops are empty"
}
GHSA-79HV-RQQF-C692
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-20 21:30 – Updated: 2025-04-17 15:32An issue in Netgear WNR2000 v1 1.2.3.7 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via uploading a crafted firmware image during the firmware update process.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46422"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-20T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Netgear WNR2000 v1 1.2.3.7 and earlier allows authenticated attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via uploading a crafted firmware image during the firmware update process.",
"id": "GHSA-79hv-rqqf-c692",
"modified": "2025-04-17T15:32:31Z",
"published": "2022-12-20T21:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46422"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackmd.io/%40slASVrz_SrW7NQCsunofeA/B1bFKBWwi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackmd.io/@slASVrz_SrW7NQCsunofeA/B1bFKBWwi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/about/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7C78-P7XR-4R2P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:06 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:06The mod_dav_svn server in Subversion 1.5.0 through 1.7.19 and 1.8.0 through 1.8.11 allows remote authenticated users to spoof the svn:author property via a crafted v1 HTTP protocol request sequences.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-0251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-04-08T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The mod_dav_svn server in Subversion 1.5.0 through 1.7.19 and 1.8.0 through 1.8.11 allows remote authenticated users to spoof the svn:author property via a crafted v1 HTTP protocol request sequences.",
"id": "GHSA-7c78-p7xr-4r2p",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:06:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:06:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201610-05"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT205217"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2015/Sep/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2015-04/msg00008.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1633.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2015-1742.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Jun/32"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://subversion.apache.org/security/CVE-2015-0251-advisory.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2015/dsa-3231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2015:192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/bulletinoct2015-2511968.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/74259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1033214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2721-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7CHH-RV6Q-8PP3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-04 15:30 – Updated: 2026-02-14 00:32A vulnerability exists in NGINX OSS and NGINX Plus when configured to proxy to upstream Transport Layer Security (TLS) servers. An attacker with a man-in-the-middle (MITM) position on the upstream server side—along with conditions beyond the attacker's control—may be able to inject plain text data into the response from an upstream proxied server. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-1642"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345",
"CWE-349"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-04T15:16:14Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability exists in NGINX OSS and NGINX Plus when configured to proxy to upstream Transport Layer Security (TLS) servers. An attacker with a man-in-the-middle (MITM) position on the upstream server side\u2014along with conditions beyond the attacker\u0027s control\u2014may be able to inject plain text data into the response from an upstream proxied server.\u00a0\u00a0Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-7chh-rv6q-8pp3",
"modified": "2026-02-14T00:32:41Z",
"published": "2026-02-04T15:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1642"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000159824"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/02/05/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-7CM4-Q9WM-9W5G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:40Heimdal before 7.4 allows remote attackers to impersonate services with Orpheus' Lyre attacks because it obtains service-principal names in a way that violates the Kerberos 5 protocol specification. In _krb5_extract_ticket() the KDC-REP service name must be obtained from the encrypted version stored in 'enc_part' instead of the unencrypted version stored in 'ticket'. Use of the unencrypted version provides an opportunity for successful server impersonation and other attacks. NOTE: this CVE is only for Heimdal and other products that embed Heimdal code; it does not apply to other instances in which this part of the Kerberos 5 protocol specification is violated.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-11103"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-345"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-13T13:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Heimdal before 7.4 allows remote attackers to impersonate services with Orpheus\u0027 Lyre attacks because it obtains service-principal names in a way that violates the Kerberos 5 protocol specification. In _krb5_extract_ticket() the KDC-REP service name must be obtained from the encrypted version stored in \u0027enc_part\u0027 instead of the unencrypted version stored in \u0027ticket\u0027. Use of the unencrypted version provides an opportunity for successful server impersonation and other attacks. NOTE: this CVE is only for Heimdal and other products that embed Heimdal code; it does not apply to other instances in which this part of the Kerberos 5 protocol specification is violated.",
"id": "GHSA-7cm4-q9wm-9w5g",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:40:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/heimdal/heimdal/releases/tag/heimdal-7.4.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208144"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT208221"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-17:05.heimdal.asc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.orpheus-lyre.info"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.samba.org/samba/security/CVE-2017-11103.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3912"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.h5l.org/advisories.html?show=2017-07-11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/99551"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1038876"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039427"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing
An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.
CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages
An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.