Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-307
AllowedImproper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.
1069 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-85734 (GCVE-0-2026-85734)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-22 16:18 – Updated: 2026-09-22 17:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
LightRAG: No Rate Limiting on /login Endpoint Allows Brute-Force Attacks
Summary
LightRAG provides simple and fast retrieval-augmented generation. Prior to 1.5.5, the POST /login endpoint in lightrag/api/lightrag_server.py does not impose a rate limit, account lockout, delay, or counter for failed authentication attempts. A network attacker can submit password guesses at full request speed until a valid account password is found. Successful credential recovery grants authenticated access to documents, the knowledge graph, and administrative operations. This issue is fixed in version 1.5.5.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-22 17:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/pull/3424 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/commit/135bc905… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/HKUDS/LightRAG/releases/tag/v1.5.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-85237 (GCVE-0-2026-85237)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 15:22 – Updated: 2026-09-03 15:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing Rate Limiting in Email OTP Verification Allows Brute-Force Authentication Bypass
Summary
A vulnerability in MISP's email-based one-time password (OTP) authentication flow allowed an attacker to perform an unrestricted number of OTP verification attempts.
The email_otp() endpoint did not apply brute-force protection when validating submitted OTP values. An attacker who had reached the OTP verification stage, for example after successfully providing a user's primary authentication credentials, could repeatedly submit candidate OTP values while the same OTP remained valid. This significantly increased the feasibility of guessing the OTP and bypassing the additional authentication factor, potentially resulting in unauthorized access to the affected user's account.
The issue was exacerbated by the fact that the OTP is associated with the user rather than with an individual pending login session, allowing multiple concurrent sessions to attempt guesses against the same valid OTP.
The patch integrates the existing MISP brute-force protection mechanism into the email OTP flow. Failed OTP attempts are now counted against the user, further attempts are rejected once the configured threshold is reached, and the active OTP is invalidated when the attempt budget is exhausted. Blocklisted users are also prevented from requesting the generation of a fresh OTP. In addition, OTP comparison now uses hash_equals() and validates that the submitted value is a string.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-03 15:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/8658062ea | patch |
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CVE-2026-84461 (GCVE-0-2026-84461)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-25 18:21 – Updated: 2026-09-25 18:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Zammad: Missing rate limiting allows password brute-forcing during two-factor login
Summary
Zammad is a web based open source helpdesk/customer support system. Prior to 7.1.2, the two-factor login step let an attacker try unlimited password guesses for any account without triggering Zammad's normal lockout or rate limiting. The response also revealed whether a guess was correct, even before two-factor authentication was checked. This made it possible to brute-force weak or reused passwords. This issue is fixed in version 7.1.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-25 18:41 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/zammad/zammad/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/zammad/zammad/commit/d51254f1c… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-82644 (GCVE-0-2026-82644)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 14:33 – Updated: 2026-09-01 14:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WWBN AVideo Brute-force Rate Limiting Bypass via Missing User-Agent
Summary
WWBN AVideo (current e01e41ecc and earlier) contains a brute-force rate limiting bypass in enforceRateLimit(), which protects login.json.php and 13 other endpoints. The function stores its attempt counter via a cache layer (ObjectYPT::setCacheGlobal) that silently discards writes for any client identified as a bot by isBot(). Because isBot() treats a missing User-Agent header as a bot by default — and also matches common bot identifiers such as 'curl', 'bot', 'crawler', and 'spider' — the counter never increments for such clients, so the rate limit never fires. An unauthenticated attacker can therefore submit unlimited login attempts (e.g., by omitting the User-Agent header or using curl's default User-Agent), enabling unrestricted password-guessing attacks.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 14:04 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wwbn-avideo-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-82643 (GCVE-0-2026-82643)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-30 14:33 – Updated: 2026-09-02 16:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WWBN AVideo Unauthenticated Rate Limit Bypass via preauthorize.json.php
Summary
WWBN AVideo contains an unauthenticated credential submission vulnerability in plugin/Live/api/preauthorize.json.php that accepts credentials over GET without rate limiting. Attackers can submit correct credentials repeatedly to trigger uncapped two-factor confirmation emails and perform sustained password guessing attacks against user accounts.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-02 16:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/WWBN/AVideo/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wwbn-avideo-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-14 00:00
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CVE-2026-78655 (GCVE-0-2026-78655)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 21:23 – Updated: 2026-08-26 18:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Punk::Plugin::TOTP versions before 0.05 for Perl allow the second-factor attempt limit to be reset by replaying an earlier session cookie because the challenge route counts failures in the session
Summary
Punk::Plugin::TOTP versions before 0.05 for Perl allow the second-factor attempt limit to be reset by replaying an earlier session cookie because the challenge route counts failures in the session.
The POST handler on challenge_path keeps the failure count as tries inside the totp_pending record in the session, raising it on each rejected code and deleting the pending record once it reaches attempts, five by default. Punk::Session carries the session in a signed cookie unless the application declares a store, and keeps no server-side record, so an earlier value of the same session stays valid until the expiry stamped inside it. A client that saves the cookie before its failed attempts and presents it again gets the pending record back with its counter, and the limit never fires. The replayed record is accepted while its own expiry, pending_ttl seconds from the challenge and 300 by default, has not passed.
Sessions declared with a store are not affected: the pending record and its counter then live server-side.
The attempt limit does not bound guessing of the second factor, which is left to the per-address rate limit the plugin registers on the same path, 30 requests per 60 seconds.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-26 18:43 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Punk-TOTP-0.… | technical-description |
| https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Punk-TOTP-0.… | technical-description |
| https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Punk-0.32/vi… | related |
| https://metacpan.org/release/LNATION/Punk-TOTP-0.… | release-notes |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/08/25/7 |
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CVE-2026-78617 (GCVE-0-2026-78617)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 23:26 – Updated: 2026-08-28 15:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
WatchGuard Dimension Web UI Authentication Brute-Force Due to Missing Rate Limiting
Summary
WatchGuard Dimension's web login endpoint does not enforce effective rate-limiting or account lockout by default allowing a remote attacker to perform automated password guessing against user accounts. If the account lockout setting is enabled, brute-force attempts are blocked after a defined number of failed attempts, but this setting is not enabled by default.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 14:32 UTC
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-78617 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| WatchGuard | Dimension |
Affected:
2.0 , < 2.3.1
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:dimension:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-78551 (GCVE-0-2026-78551)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-24 19:20 – Updated: 2026-08-24 20:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
RansomLook Login Endpoint Allows Timing-Based Username Enumeration and Unthrottled Authentication Attempts
Summary
RansomLook contains multiple weaknesses in its authentication endpoint that allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to enumerate valid usernames, perform unrestricted password-guessing attacks, and potentially exhaust application worker resources.
For local authentication, the login implementation previously checked whether a submitted username existed before invoking the password hash verification function. Requests containing a nonexistent username therefore returned significantly faster than requests for valid accounts, for which the computationally expensive password verification routine was executed. A remote attacker could measure these response-time differences to determine which usernames correspond to valid RansomLook accounts.
In addition, the /login endpoint did not restrict the number or frequency of failed authentication attempts. An attacker could consequently perform password brute-force, dictionary, password-spraying, or credential-stuffing attacks against known accounts without server-side throttling. For valid usernames, each authentication attempt also invokes the password key-derivation function, which consumes a significant amount of CPU time. A sufficiently high rate of login attempts could therefore occupy the application's synchronous Gunicorn workers and cause a denial of service affecting the entire application.
The issue has been addressed by always performing password verification using a randomly generated dummy password hash when the supplied username does not exist, eliminating the username-dependent timing discrepancy. Failed authentication attempts are additionally rate-limited per client IP address using Valkey/Redis, with five failed attempts within five minutes resulting in a one-hour block. The reverse-proxy configuration was also updated so that the application derives the client address from a trusted X-Forwarded-For value that cannot be overridden by a client-supplied header.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-24 20:07 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/RansomLook/RansomLook/commit/8… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ransomlook | ransomlook |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-78490 (GCVE-0-2026-78490)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 11:35 – Updated: 2026-09-09 12:54
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Dell SCG 5.0 Appliance versions prior to 5.36.00.16 and Dell SCG 5.0 Application versions prior to 5.36.00.00, contains an Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to client-side request forgery.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 12:54 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-in/00050342… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Application |
Affected:
0 , < 5.36.00.00 or later
(semver)
|
|
| Dell | Secure Connect Gateway 5.0 - Appliance |
Affected:
0 , < 5.36.00.16 or later
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-08-31 06:30
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CVE-2026-77561 (GCVE-0-2026-77561)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-21 16:48 – Updated: 2026-09-24 22:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tinyauth: Unauthenticated login attempts can trigger global login lockdown denial of service
Summary
Tinyauth is an authentication and authorization server. Prior to 5.1.0, an unauthenticated remote attacker can send POST /api/user/login requests with 257 distinct nonexistent usernames to fill MaxLoginAttemptRecords and activate a global login lockdown. internal/controller/user_controller.go loginHandler passes each attacker-controlled identifier to internal/service/auth_service.go RecordLoginAttempt, which invokes lockdownMode after the map reaches its cap. IsAccountLocked checks that global state before validating unrelated accounts, causing valid users to receive HTTP 429 until auth.loginTimeout expires, approximately 300 seconds by default. The attack can be repeated, but existing authenticated sessions are not invalidated. This issue is fixed in version 5.1.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-24 22:22 UTC
CWE
- CWE-307 - Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/security/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/pull/1008 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/pull/943 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/commit/65… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/commit/da… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tinyauthapp/tinyauth/releases/… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| tinyauthapp | tinyauth |
Affected:
< 5.1.0
|
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Common protection mechanisms include:
- Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts
- Implementing a timeout
- Locking out a targeted account
- Requiring a computational task on the user's part.
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator. [REF-45]
CAPEC-16: Dictionary-based Password Attack
An attacker tries each of the words in a dictionary as passwords to gain access to the system via some user's account. If the password chosen by the user was a word within the dictionary, this attack will be successful (in the absence of other mitigations). This is a specific instance of the password brute forcing attack pattern.
Dictionary Attacks differ from similar attacks such as Password Spraying (CAPEC-565) and Credential Stuffing (CAPEC-600), since they leverage unknown username/password combinations and don't care about inducing account lockouts.
CAPEC-49: Password Brute Forcing
An adversary tries every possible value for a password until they succeed. A brute force attack, if feasible computationally, will always be successful because it will essentially go through all possible passwords given the alphabet used (lower case letters, upper case letters, numbers, symbols, etc.) and the maximum length of the password.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-565: Password Spraying
In a Password Spraying attack, an adversary tries a small list (e.g. 3-5) of common or expected passwords, often matching the target's complexity policy, against a known list of user accounts to gain valid credentials. The adversary tries a particular password for each user account, before moving onto the next password in the list. This approach assists the adversary in remaining undetected by avoiding rapid or frequent account lockouts. The adversary may then reattempt the process with additional passwords, once enough time has passed to prevent inducing a lockout.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.