Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-306

Allowed

Missing Authentication for Critical Function

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.

3475 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-JJ7F-F2VQ-PVC7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:00
VLAI
Details

Computing For Good's Basic Laboratory Information System (also known as C4G BLIS) version 3.4 and earlier suffers from an instance of CWE-284, "Improper Access Control." As a result, an unauthenticated user may change the password of any administrator-level user.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-5617"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-06T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Computing For Good\u0027s Basic Laboratory Information System (also known as C4G BLIS) version 3.4 and earlier suffers from an instance of CWE-284, \"Improper Access Control.\" As a result, an unauthenticated user may change the password of any administrator-level user.",
  "id": "GHSA-jj7f-f2vq-pvc7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:00:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:00:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5617"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.rapid7.com/2019/09/10/r7-2019-09-cve-2019-5617-cve-2019-5643-cve-2019-5644-c4g-blis-authentication-and-authorization-vulnerabilities-fixed"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-JJF4-PPFX-V66M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:32
VLAI
Details

Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48252"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T20:17:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Missing Authentication for Critical Function vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.",
  "id": "GHSA-jjf4-ppfx-v66m",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48252"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb26-74.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JM6W-M3J8-898G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-19 12:42 – Updated: 2026-04-25 01:23
VLAI
Summary
Unauthenticated remote shutdown in nltk.app.wordnet_app
Details

Summary

nltk.app.wordnet_app allows unauthenticated remote shutdown of the local WordNet Browser HTTP server when it is started in its default mode. A simple GET /SHUTDOWN%20THE%20SERVER request causes the process to terminate immediately via os._exit(0), resulting in a denial of service.

Details

The vulnerable logic is in nltk/app/wordnet_app.py:

This means any party that can reach the listening port can stop the service with a single unauthenticated GET request when the browser is started in its normal mode.

PoC

  1. Start the WordNet Browser in Docker in its default mode:
docker run -d --name nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest -p 8004:8004 \
  nltk-sandbox \
  python -c "import nltk; nltk.download('wordnet', quiet=True); from nltk.app.wordnet_app import wnb; wnb(8004, True)"
  1. Confirm the service is reachable:
curl -s -o /tmp/wn_before.html -w '%{http_code}\n' 'http://127.0.0.1:8004/'

Observed result:

200
  1. Trigger shutdown:
curl -s -o /tmp/wn_shutdown.html -w '%{http_code}\n' 'http://127.0.0.1:8004/SHUTDOWN%20THE%20SERVER'

Observed result:

000
  1. Verify the service is no longer available:
curl -s -o /tmp/wn_after.html -w '%{http_code}\n' 'http://127.0.0.1:8004/'
docker ps -a --filter name=nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest --format '{{.Names}}\t{{.Status}}'
docker logs nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest

Observed results:

000
nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest    Exited (0)
Server shutting down!

Impact

This is an unauthenticated denial-of-service issue in the NLTK WordNet Browser HTTP server.

Any reachable client can terminate the service remotely when the application is started in its default mode. The impact is limited to service availability, but it is still security-relevant because:

  • the route is accessible over HTTP
  • no authentication or CSRF-style confirmation is required
  • the server listens on all interfaces by default
  • the process exits immediately instead of performing a controlled shutdown

This primarily affects users who run nltk.app.wordnet_app and expose or otherwise allow access to its listening port.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.9.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "nltk"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-33231"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-19T12:42:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T23:16:46Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n`nltk.app.wordnet_app` allows unauthenticated remote shutdown of the local WordNet Browser HTTP server when it is started in its default mode. A simple `GET /SHUTDOWN%20THE%20SERVER` request causes the process to terminate immediately via `os._exit(0)`, resulting in a denial of service.\n\n### Details\nThe vulnerable logic is in `nltk/app/wordnet_app.py`:\n\n- [`nltk/app/wordnet_app.py:242`](/mnt/Data/my_brains/test/nltk/nltk/app/wordnet_app.py#L242)\n  - The server listens on all interfaces:\n  - `server = HTTPServer((\"\", port), MyServerHandler)`\n\n- [`nltk/app/wordnet_app.py:87`](/mnt/Data/my_brains/test/nltk/nltk/app/wordnet_app.py#L87)\n  - Incoming requests are checked for the exact path:\n  - `if unquote_plus(sp) == \"SHUTDOWN THE SERVER\":`\n\n- [`nltk/app/wordnet_app.py:88`](/mnt/Data/my_brains/test/nltk/nltk/app/wordnet_app.py#L88)\n  - The shutdown protection only depends on `server_mode`\n\n- [`nltk/app/wordnet_app.py:93`](/mnt/Data/my_brains/test/nltk/nltk/app/wordnet_app.py#L93)\n  - In the default mode (`runBrowser=True`, therefore `server_mode=False`), the handler terminates the process directly:\n  - `os._exit(0)`\n\nThis means any party that can reach the listening port can stop the service with a single unauthenticated GET request when the browser is started in its normal mode.\n\n### PoC\n1. Start the WordNet Browser in Docker in its default mode:\n\n```bash\ndocker run -d --name nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest -p 8004:8004 \\\n  nltk-sandbox \\\n  python -c \"import nltk; nltk.download(\u0027wordnet\u0027, quiet=True); from nltk.app.wordnet_app import wnb; wnb(8004, True)\"\n```\n\n2. Confirm the service is reachable:\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -o /tmp/wn_before.html -w \u0027%{http_code}\\n\u0027 \u0027http://127.0.0.1:8004/\u0027\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\n200\n```\n\n3. Trigger shutdown:\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -o /tmp/wn_shutdown.html -w \u0027%{http_code}\\n\u0027 \u0027http://127.0.0.1:8004/SHUTDOWN%20THE%20SERVER\u0027\n```\n\nObserved result:\n\n```text\n000\n```\n\n4. Verify the service is no longer available:\n\n```bash\ncurl -s -o /tmp/wn_after.html -w \u0027%{http_code}\\n\u0027 \u0027http://127.0.0.1:8004/\u0027\ndocker ps -a --filter name=nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest --format \u0027{{.Names}}\\t{{.Status}}\u0027\ndocker logs nltk-wordnet-web-default-retest\n```\n\nObserved results:\n\n```text\n000\nnltk-wordnet-web-default-retest    Exited (0)\nServer shutting down!\n```\n\n### Impact\nThis is an unauthenticated denial-of-service issue in the NLTK WordNet Browser HTTP server.\n\nAny reachable client can terminate the service remotely when the application is started in its default mode. The impact is limited to service availability, but it is still security-relevant because:\n\n- the route is accessible over HTTP\n- no authentication or CSRF-style confirmation is required\n- the server listens on all interfaces by default\n- the process exits immediately instead of performing a controlled shutdown\n\nThis primarily affects users who run `nltk.app.wordnet_app` and expose or otherwise allow access to its listening port.",
  "id": "GHSA-jm6w-m3j8-898g",
  "modified": "2026-04-25T01:23:10Z",
  "published": "2026-03-19T12:42:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk/security/advisories/GHSA-jm6w-m3j8-898g"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk/commit/bbaae83db86a0f49e00f5b0db44a7254c268de9b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nltk/nltk"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Unauthenticated remote shutdown in nltk.app.wordnet_app"
}

GHSA-JMHG-7H5W-CHVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:26 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:26
VLAI
Details

An Authentication Bypass vulnerability in the Published Area of the web conferencing component of Mitel MiCollab AWV before 8.1.2.4 and 9.x before 9.1.3 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to unauthorized information due to insufficient access validation. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to access sensitive shared files.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-11797"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-08-26T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An Authentication Bypass vulnerability in the Published Area of the web conferencing component of Mitel MiCollab AWV before 8.1.2.4 and 9.x before 9.1.3 could allow an unauthenticated attacker to gain access to unauthorized information due to insufficient access validation. A successful exploit could allow an attacker to access sensitive shared files.",
  "id": "GHSA-jmhg-7h5w-chvf",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:26:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:26:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-11797"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mitel.com/support/security-advisories"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mitel.com/support/security-advisories/mitel-product-security-advisory-20-0005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-JMHQ-WJWF-9X96

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-09 09:30 – Updated: 2026-07-09 09:30
VLAI
Details

A Missing Authentication vulnerability was discovered in the SSH keys synchronization endpoint. An unauthenticated attacker can send a request to the SSH keys synchronization endpoint and obtain the list of users that have uploaded their public SSH keys, their groups, and the uploaded public SSH keys.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-31983"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-09T08:16:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A Missing Authentication vulnerability was discovered in the SSH keys synchronization endpoint. An unauthenticated attacker can send a request to the SSH keys synchronization endpoint and obtain the list of users that have uploaded their public SSH keys, their groups, and the uploaded public SSH keys.",
  "id": "GHSA-jmhq-wjwf-9x96",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T09:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T09:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.nozominetworks.com/NN-2026:10-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JMQP-7M5H-WRR8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-09 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-13 12:34
VLAI
Details

An authentication bypass vulnerability in Large Scale VPN ( LSVPN) functionality of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allows an attacker with network access to bypass security restrictions and establish an unauthorized site-to-site VPN connection.

Panorama, Cloud NGFW, and Prisma® Access are not impacted by this vulnerability.

Severity
7.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:U/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-0283"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-09T19:17:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An authentication bypass vulnerability in Large Scale VPN ( LSVPN) functionality of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS software allows an attacker with network access to bypass security restrictions and establish an unauthorized site-to-site VPN connection.\n\nPanorama, Cloud NGFW, and Prisma\u00ae Access are not impacted by this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-jmqp-7m5h-wrr8",
  "modified": "2026-07-13T12:34:56Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T21:31:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0283"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.paloaltonetworks.com/CVE-2026-0283"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JMX4-F9GG-6JGX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Identity Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OIM Legacy UI). Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and 14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via T3, IIOP to compromise Identity Manager. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Identity Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-46807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:53:58Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Identity Manager product of Oracle Fusion Middleware (component: OIM Legacy UI).  Supported versions that are affected are 12.2.1.4.0 and  14.1.2.1.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via T3, IIOP to compromise Identity Manager.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Identity Manager. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-jmx4-f9gg-6jgx",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:30Z",
  "published": "2026-06-17T18:35:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JP6V-RQ8G-2CJF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-23 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-29 00:00
VLAI
Details

The affected product is vulnerable due to missing authentication, which may allow an attacker to read or modify sensitive data and execute arbitrary code, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-2138"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-22T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The affected product is vulnerable due to missing authentication, which may allow an attacker to read or modify sensitive data and execute arbitrary code, resulting in a denial-of-service condition.",
  "id": "GHSA-jp6v-rq8g-2cjf",
  "modified": "2022-07-29T00:00:18Z",
  "published": "2022-07-23T00:00:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2138"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-179-03"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JP84-PX65-5JJM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:12 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:12
VLAI
Details

auth_svc in Caldera before 2.6.5 allows authentication bypass (for REST API requests) via a forged "localhost" string in the HTTP Host header.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-10807"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-03-22T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "auth_svc in Caldera before 2.6.5 allows authentication bypass (for REST API requests) via a forged \"localhost\" string in the HTTP Host header.",
  "id": "GHSA-jp84-px65-5jjm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:12:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:12:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-10807"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mitre/caldera/issues/1405"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mitre/caldera/pull/1407"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mitre/caldera/compare/2.6.4...2.6.5"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mitre/caldera/releases/tag/2.6.5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-JP99-G9QJ-38PV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-14 21:30 – Updated: 2022-12-20 15:30
VLAI
Details

VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager contain a broken authentication vulnerability. VMware has evaluated the severity of this issue to be in the Moderate severity range with a maximum CVSSv3 base score of 5.3.

Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-31701"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-12-14T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "VMware Workspace ONE Access and Identity Manager contain a broken authentication vulnerability. VMware has evaluated the severity of this issue to be in the Moderate severity range with a maximum CVSSv3 base score of 5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-jp99-g9qj-38pv",
  "modified": "2022-12-20T15:30:37Z",
  "published": "2022-12-14T21:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-31701"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vmware.com/security/advisories/VMSA-2022-0032.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Identify which of these areas require a proven user identity, and use a centralized authentication capability.
  • Identify all potential communication channels, or other means of interaction with the software, to ensure that all channels are appropriately protected, including those channels that are assumed to be accessible only by authorized parties. Developers sometimes perform authentication at the primary channel, but open up a secondary channel that is assumed to be private. For example, a login mechanism may be listening on one network port, but after successful authentication, it may open up a second port where it waits for the connection, but avoids authentication because it assumes that only the authenticated party will connect to the port.
  • In general, if the software or protocol allows a single session or user state to persist across multiple connections or channels, authentication and appropriate credential management need to be used throughout.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Where possible, avoid implementing custom, "grow-your-own" authentication routines and consider using authentication capabilities as provided by the surrounding framework, operating system, or environment. These capabilities may avoid common weaknesses that are unique to authentication; support automatic auditing and tracking; and make it easier to provide a clear separation between authentication tasks and authorization tasks.
  • In environments such as the World Wide Web, the line between authentication and authorization is sometimes blurred. If custom authentication routines are required instead of those provided by the server, then these routines must be applied to every single page, since these pages could be requested directly.
Mitigation MIT-4.5
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator [REF-45].
Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data [REF-1297] [REF-1298] [REF-1302].

CAPEC-12: Choosing Message Identifier

This pattern of attack is defined by the selection of messages distributed via multicast or public information channels that are intended for another client by determining the parameter value assigned to that client. This attack allows the adversary to gain access to potentially privileged information, and to possibly perpetrate other attacks through the distribution means by impersonation. If the channel/message being manipulated is an input rather than output mechanism for the system, (such as a command bus), this style of attack could be used to change the adversary's identifier to more a privileged one.

CAPEC-166: Force the System to Reset Values

An attacker forces the target into a previous state in order to leverage potential weaknesses in the target dependent upon a prior configuration or state-dependent factors. Even in cases where an attacker may not be able to directly control the configuration of the targeted application, they may be able to reset the configuration to a prior state since many applications implement reset functions.

CAPEC-216: Communication Channel Manipulation

An adversary manipulates a setting or parameter on communications channel in order to compromise its security. This can result in information exposure, insertion/removal of information from the communications stream, and/or potentially system compromise.

CAPEC-36: Using Unpublished Interfaces or Functionality

An adversary searches for and invokes interfaces or functionality that the target system designers did not intend to be publicly available. If interfaces fail to authenticate requests, the attacker may be able to invoke functionality they are not authorized for.

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

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