Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-295

Allowed

Improper Certificate Validation

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.

1911 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4V68-66G8-2GRG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-07 00:00
VLAI
Details

An improper certificate validation vulnerability [CWE-295] in FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.10, 6.4.0 through 6.4.8, 7.0.0 may allow a network adjacent and unauthenticated attacker to man-in-the-middle the communication between the FortiGate and some peers such as private SDNs and external cloud platforms.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22306"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-24T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper certificate validation vulnerability [CWE-295] in FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.10, 6.4.0 through 6.4.8, 7.0.0 may allow a network adjacent and unauthenticated attacker to man-in-the-middle the communication between the FortiGate and some peers such as private SDNs and external cloud platforms.",
  "id": "GHSA-4v68-66g8-2grg",
  "modified": "2022-06-07T00:00:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-25T00:00:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22306"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-21-239"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4VG4-Q9RF-R94R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:22
VLAI
Details

wpa_supplicant 2.0-16 does not properly check certificate subject name, which allows remote attackers to cause a man-in-the-middle attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2015-0210"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-28T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "wpa_supplicant 2.0-16 does not properly check certificate subject name, which allows remote attackers to cause a man-in-the-middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-4vg4-q9rf-r94r",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:22:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:22:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-0210"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1178263"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1178921"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4VHM-33MH-2464

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-10 18:31 – Updated: 2025-01-13 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in CP Plus CP-VNR-3104 B3223P22C02424 allows attackers to access the Diffie-Hellman (DH) parameters and access sensitive data or execute a man-in-the-middle attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-54847"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-10T17:15:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue in CP Plus CP-VNR-3104 B3223P22C02424 allows attackers to access the Diffie-Hellman (DH) parameters and access sensitive data or execute a man-in-the-middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-4vhm-33mh-2464",
  "modified": "2025-01-13T21:30:52Z",
  "published": "2025-01-10T18:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-3817"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54847"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Yashodhanvivek/CP-VNR-3104-NVR-Vulnerabilties/blob/main/CPPlus_CP-VNR-3104_Security_Assessment.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://payatu.com/blog/solving-the-problem-of-encrypted-firmware"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4W83-58W6-759F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-07 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-15 00:00
VLAI
Details

Multiple vulnerabilities in the API and in the web-based management interface of Cisco Expressway Series and Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) could allow a remote attacker to overwrite arbitrary files or conduct null byte poisoning attacks on an affected device. Note: Cisco Expressway Series refers to the Expressway Control (Expressway-C) device and the Expressway Edge (Expressway-E) device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-20813"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-06T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple vulnerabilities in the API and in the web-based management interface of Cisco Expressway Series and Cisco TelePresence Video Communication Server (VCS) could allow a remote attacker to overwrite arbitrary files or conduct null byte poisoning attacks on an affected device. Note: Cisco Expressway Series refers to the Expressway Control (Expressway-C) device and the Expressway Edge (Expressway-E) device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.",
  "id": "GHSA-4w83-58w6-759f",
  "modified": "2022-07-15T00:00:17Z",
  "published": "2022-07-07T00:00:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-20813"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-expressway-overwrite-3buqW8LH"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WJ3-7P36-WMRW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-08 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-28 21:31
VLAI
Details

An improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in BIG-IP Next Central Manager and may allow an attacker to impersonate an Instance Provider system. A successful exploit of this vulnerability can allow the attacker to cross a security boundary.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-33612"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-08T15:15:11Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "\n\n\nAn improper certificate validation vulnerability exists in BIG-IP Next Central Manager and may allow an attacker to impersonate an Instance Provider system. A successful exploit of this vulnerability can allow the attacker to cross a security boundary.\u00a0\u00a0Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-4wj3-7p36-wmrw",
  "modified": "2025-08-28T21:31:24Z",
  "published": "2024-05-08T15:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33612"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000139012"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WPW-HPQ9-3GCX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-11 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-12 19:00
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in Industrial Edge Management (All versions < V1.5.1). The affected software does not properly validate the server certificate when initiating a TLS connection. This could allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by interfering in the communication path between the client and the intended server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-40147"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-10-11T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Industrial Edge Management (All versions \u003c V1.5.1). The affected software does not properly validate the server certificate when initiating a TLS connection. This could allow an attacker to spoof a trusted entity by interfering in the communication path between the client and the intended server.",
  "id": "GHSA-4wpw-hpq9-3gcx",
  "modified": "2022-10-12T19:00:39Z",
  "published": "2022-10-11T12:00:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40147"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-649853.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4WR6-X9G6-M47V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:48 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:48
VLAI
Details

HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise Cassandra integrations (storage backend and database secrets engine plugin) did not validate TLS certificates when connecting to Cassandra clusters. Fixed in 1.6.4 and 1.7.1

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-27400"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-22T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise Cassandra integrations (storage backend and database secrets engine plugin) did not validate TLS certificates when connecting to Cassandra clusters. Fixed in 1.6.4 and 1.7.1",
  "id": "GHSA-4wr6-x9g6-m47v",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:48:09Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:48:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27400"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2021-10-vault-s-cassandra-integrations-did-not-validate-tls-certificates/23463"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-4X46-8GG7-F9VX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-26 06:30 – Updated: 2023-11-08 15:30
VLAI
Details

It was discovered that when acting as TLS clients, Beats, Elastic Agent, APM Server, and Fleet Server did not verify whether the server certificate is valid for the target IP address; however, certificate signature validation is still performed. More specifically, when the client is configured to connect to an IP address (instead of a hostname) it does not validate the server certificate's IP SAN values against that IP address and certificate validation fails, and therefore the connection is not blocked as expected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-31421"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-10-26T04:15:16Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "It was discovered that when acting as TLS clients, Beats, Elastic Agent, APM Server, and Fleet Server did not verify whether the server certificate is valid for the target IP address; however, certificate signature validation is still performed. More specifically, when the client is configured to connect to an IP address (instead of a hostname) it does not validate the server certificate\u0027s IP SAN values against that IP address and certificate validation fails, and therefore the connection is not blocked as expected.",
  "id": "GHSA-4x46-8gg7-f9vx",
  "modified": "2023-11-08T15:30:32Z",
  "published": "2023-10-26T06:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-31421"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://discuss.elastic.co/t/beats-elastic-agent-apm-server-and-fleet-server-8-10-1-security-update-improper-certificate-validation-issue-esa-2023-16/343385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elastic.co/community/security"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4XQV-2FH4-RRC6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:45 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:37
VLAI
Details

The FOREX.com FOREXTrader for iPhone app 2.9.12 through 2.9.14 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-5912"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-05-05T07:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The FOREX.com FOREXTrader for iPhone app 2.9.12 through 2.9.14 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.",
  "id": "GHSA-4xqv-2fh4-rrc6",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:37:14Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:45:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5912"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/%40chronic_9612/follow-up-76-popular-apps-confirmed-vulnerable-to-silent-interception-of-tls-protected-data-64185035029f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/@chronic_9612/follow-up-76-popular-apps-confirmed-vulnerable-to-silent-interception-of-tls-protected-data-64185035029f"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5244-5VQH-QWMC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42
VLAI
Details

ELECOM WRC-300FEBK-S contains an improper certificate validation vulnerability. Via a man-in-the-middle attack, an attacker may alter the communication response. As a result, an arbitrary OS command may be executed on the affected device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-20649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-295"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-12T07:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "ELECOM WRC-300FEBK-S contains an improper certificate validation vulnerability. Via a man-in-the-middle attack, an attacker may alter the communication response. As a result, an arbitrary OS command may be executed on the affected device.",
  "id": "GHSA-5244-5vqh-qwmc",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:42:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN47580234/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.elecom.co.jp/news/security/20210126-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.

Mitigation
Implementation

If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.

CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate

An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.

CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation

An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.