CWE-295
AllowedImproper Certificate Validation
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
1911 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-524Q-MW44-GX36
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-10 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-11 21:31Due to a lack of certificate validation, all traffic from the mobile application can be intercepted. As a result, an adversary located "upstream" can decrypt the TLS traffic, inspect its contents, and modify the requests in transit. This may result in a total compromise of the user's account if the attacker intercepts a request with active authentication tokens or cracks the MD5 hash sent on login.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-65830"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-10T21:16:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Due to a lack of certificate validation, all traffic from the mobile application can be intercepted. As a result, an adversary located \"upstream\" can decrypt the TLS traffic, inspect its contents, and modify the requests in transit. This may result in a total compromise of the user\u0027s account if the attacker intercepts a request with active authentication tokens or cracks the MD5 hash sent on login.",
"id": "GHSA-524q-mw44-gx36",
"modified": "2025-12-11T21:31:27Z",
"published": "2025-12-10T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-65830"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/dead1nfluence/4dffc239b4a460f41a03345fd8e5feb5#file-lack-of-certificate-pinning-md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dead1nfluence/Meatmeet-Pro-Vulnerabilities/blob/main/Mobile-Application/Lack-of-Certificate-Pinning.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-5327-Q2RH-5X5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-19 21:31 – Updated: 2025-09-19 21:31MicroWorld eScan AV's update mechanism failed to ensure authenticity and integrity of updates: update packages were delivered and accepted without robust cryptographic verification. As a result, an on-path attacker could perform a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack and substitute malicious update payloads for legitimate ones. The eScan AV client accepted these substituted packages and executed or loaded their components (including sideloaded DLLs and Java/installer payloads), enabling remote code execution on affected systems. MicroWorld eScan confirmed remediation of the update mechanism on 2023-07-31 but versioning details are unavailable. NOTE: MicroWorld eScan disputes the characterization in third-party reports, stating the issue relates to 2018–2019 and that controls were implemented then.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13990"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-19T19:15:38Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "MicroWorld eScan AV\u0027s update mechanism failed to ensure authenticity and integrity of updates: update packages were delivered and accepted without robust cryptographic verification. As a result, an on-path attacker could perform a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attack and substitute malicious update payloads for legitimate ones. The eScan AV client accepted these substituted packages and executed or loaded their components (including sideloaded DLLs and Java/installer payloads), enabling remote code execution on affected systems. MicroWorld eScan confirmed remediation of the update mechanism on 2023-07-31 but versioning details are unavailable. NOTE: MicroWorld eScan disputes the characterization in third-party reports, stating the issue relates to 2018\u20132019 and that controls were implemented then.",
"id": "GHSA-5327-q2rh-5x5w",
"modified": "2025-09-19T21:31:17Z",
"published": "2025-09-19T21:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13990"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://arstechnica.com/security/2024/04/hackers-infect-users-of-antivirus-service-that-delivered-updates-over-http"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.avast.com/leading-the-charge-against-guptiminer"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://securityaffairs.com/162228/breaking-news/escan-antivirus-mitm-attack.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://thehackernews.com/2024/04/escan-antivirus-update-mechanism.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/hackers-hijack-antivirus-updates-to-drop-guptiminer-malware"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.escanav.com/en/about-us/eScan-update-advisory.asp"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.gendigital.com/blog/insights/research/guptiminer-hijacking-antivirus-updates-for-distributing-backdoors-and-casual-mining"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/microworld-escan-av-insecure-update-mechanism-allows-mitm-replacement-of-updates"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-532W-FQVR-QJ43
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:47 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:47The 105 BANK app 1.0 and 1.1 for Android and 1.0 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1210"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-21T20:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The 105 BANK app 1.0 and 1.1 for Android and 1.0 for iOS does not verify X.509 certificates from SSL servers, which allows man-in-the-middle attackers to spoof servers and obtain sensitive information via a crafted certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-532w-fqvr-qj43",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:47:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:47:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1210"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN11877654/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/en/contents/2016/JVNDB-2016-000065.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-533G-6748-WXW7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-05 03:30 – Updated: 2025-05-06 15:31In Modem, there is a possible permission bypass due to improper certificate validation. This could lead to remote information disclosure, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01334347; Issue ID: MSV-2772.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20670"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-05T03:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Modem, there is a possible permission bypass due to improper certificate validation. This could lead to remote information disclosure, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01334347; Issue ID: MSV-2772.",
"id": "GHSA-533g-6748-wxw7",
"modified": "2025-05-06T15:31:03Z",
"published": "2025-05-05T03:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20670"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/May-2025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-53RM-7GR9-9HFX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:23 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:49The apt package in Debian jessie before 1.0.9.8.4, in Debian unstable before 1.4~beta2, in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS before 1.0.1ubuntu2.17, in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS before 1.2.15ubuntu0.2, and in Ubuntu 16.10 before 1.3.2ubuntu0.1 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass a repository-signing protection mechanism by leveraging improper error handling when validating InRelease file signatures.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1252"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-05T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The apt package in Debian jessie before 1.0.9.8.4, in Debian unstable before 1.4~beta2, in Ubuntu 14.04 LTS before 1.0.1ubuntu2.17, in Ubuntu 16.04 LTS before 1.2.15ubuntu0.2, and in Ubuntu 16.10 before 1.3.2ubuntu0.1 allows man-in-the-middle attackers to bypass a repository-signing protection mechanism by leveraging improper error handling when validating InRelease file signatures.",
"id": "GHSA-53rm-7gr9-9hfx",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:49:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:23:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1252"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.chromium.org/p/project-zero/issues/detail?id=1020"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/apt/+bug/1647467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3733"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/140145/apt-Repository-Signing-Bypass.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-3156-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-53X2-3MX9-Q64R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01An exploitable information disclosure vulnerability exists in the crash handler of the hubCore binary of the Samsung SmartThings Hub STH-ETH-250 - Firmware version 0.20.17. When hubCore crashes, Google Breakpad is used to record minidumps, which are sent over an insecure HTTPS connection to the backtrace.io service, leading to the exposure of sensitive data. An attacker can impersonate the remote backtrace.io server in order to trigger this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-3927"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-27T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An exploitable information disclosure vulnerability exists in the crash handler of the hubCore binary of the Samsung SmartThings Hub STH-ETH-250 - Firmware version 0.20.17. When hubCore crashes, Google Breakpad is used to record minidumps, which are sent over an insecure HTTPS connection to the backtrace.io service, leading to the exposure of sensitive data. An attacker can impersonate the remote backtrace.io server in order to trigger this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-53x2-3mx9-q64r",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:01:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-3927"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2018-0594"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-53XR-2XX3-73WM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-03 03:30 – Updated: 2026-02-19 18:31The DDNS function uses an insecure HTTP connection or fails to validate the SSL/TLS certificate when querying an external server for the device's WAN IP address. An unauthenticated remote attacker can perform a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack to spoof the response, leading the device to update its DDNS record with an incorrect IP address. Affected products and versions include: from ADM 4.1.0 through ADM 4.3.3.ROF1 as well as from ADM 5.0.0 through ADM 5.1.1.RCI1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24934"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T03:15:53Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The DDNS function uses an insecure HTTP connection or fails to validate the SSL/TLS certificate when querying an external server for the device\u0027s WAN IP address. An unauthenticated remote attacker can perform a Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attack to spoof the response, leading the device to update its DDNS record with an incorrect IP address.\nAffected products and versions include: from ADM 4.1.0 through ADM 4.3.3.ROF1 as well as from ADM 5.0.0 through ADM 5.1.1.RCI1.",
"id": "GHSA-53xr-2xx3-73wm",
"modified": "2026-02-19T18:31:43Z",
"published": "2026-02-03T03:30:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24934"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.asustor.com/security/security_advisory_detail?id=50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-5492-XCW7-P95W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:38 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:38Late TLS certificate verification in WebKitGTK+ prior to 2.6.6 allows remote attackers to view a secure HTTP request, including, for example, secure cookies.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-2330"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-03-10T02:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Late TLS certificate verification in WebKitGTK+ prior to 2.6.6 allows remote attackers to view a secure HTTP request, including, for example, secure cookies.",
"id": "GHSA-5492-xcw7-p95w",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:38:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:38:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2330"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=142244"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201706-15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trac.webkit.org/changeset/181074"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://webkitgtk.org/security/WSA-2015-0002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/17/11"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/03/18/4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-556X-QJJ2-PH6Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:21 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:21The D-Link DIR-615 device before v20.12PTb04 doesn't use SSL for any of the authenticated pages. Also, it doesn't allow the user to generate his own SSL Certificate. An attacker can simply monitor network traffic to steal a user's credentials and/or credentials of users being added while sniffing the traffic.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-07-07T12:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The D-Link DIR-615 device before v20.12PTb04 doesn\u0027t use SSL for any of the authenticated pages. Also, it doesn\u0027t allow the user to generate his own SSL Certificate. An attacker can simply monitor network traffic to steal a user\u0027s credentials and/or credentials of users being added while sniffing the traffic.",
"id": "GHSA-556x-qjj2-ph6q",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:21:20Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:21:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualys.com/2017/03/12/qsa-2017-03-12/qsa-2017-03-12.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-557R-Q6MF-6MFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:27 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:27Google Chrome before 17.0.963.56 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via an empty X.509 certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2011-3024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-295"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2012-02-16T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Google Chrome before 17.0.963.56 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (application crash) via an empty X.509 certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-557r-q6mf-6mfm",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:27:15Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:27:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-3024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A14891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=112451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2012/02/chrome-stable-update.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48016"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Certificates should be carefully managed and checked to assure that data are encrypted with the intended owner's public key.
Mitigation
If certificate pinning is being used, ensure that all relevant properties of the certificate are fully validated before the certificate is pinned, including the hostname.
CAPEC-459: Creating a Rogue Certification Authority Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness resulting from using a hashing algorithm with weak collision resistance to generate certificate signing requests (CSR) that contain collision blocks in their "to be signed" parts. The adversary submits one CSR to be signed by a trusted certificate authority then uses the signed blob to make a second certificate appear signed by said certificate authority. Due to the hash collision, both certificates, though different, hash to the same value and so the signed blob works just as well in the second certificate. The net effect is that the adversary's second X.509 certificate, which the Certification Authority has never seen, is now signed and validated by that Certification Authority.
CAPEC-475: Signature Spoofing by Improper Validation
An adversary exploits a cryptographic weakness in the signature verification algorithm implementation to generate a valid signature without knowing the key.