CWE-294
AllowedAuthentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
346 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-PWFH-8XV9-VGC2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:30Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Drupal Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal allows Remote Services with Stolen Credentials.This issue affects Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal: from 0.0.0 before 4.7.0, from 5.0.0 before 5.2.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47706"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-14T17:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Drupal Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal allows Remote Services with Stolen Credentials.This issue affects Enterprise MFA - TFA for Drupal: from 0.0.0 before 4.7.0, from 5.0.0 before 5.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-pwfh-8xv9-vgc2",
"modified": "2025-05-19T15:30:38Z",
"published": "2025-05-14T18:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.drupal.org/sa-contrib-2025-052"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q7X5-RCGH-Q498
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-13 15:30 – Updated: 2025-06-13 15:30Use of fixed learning codes, one code to lock the car and the other code to unlock it, the Key Fob Transmitter in KIA-branded Aftermarket Generic Smart Keyless Entry System, primarily distributed in Ecuador, which allows a replay attack.
Manufacture is unknown at the time of release. CVE Record will be updated once this is clarified.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-6029"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-13T15:15:21Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Use of fixed learning codes, one code to lock the car and the other code to unlock it, the\u00a0Key Fob Transmitter in KIA-branded Aftermarket Generic Smart Keyless Entry System, primarily distributed in Ecuador, which allows a replay attack.\n\nManufacture is unknown at the time of release.\u00a0 CVE Record will be updated once this is clarified.",
"id": "GHSA-q7x5-rcgh-q498",
"modified": "2025-06-13T15:30:32Z",
"published": "2025-06-13T15:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://asrg.io/security-advisories/cve-2025-6029-kia-branded-aftermarket-generic-smart-keyless-entry-system-replay-attack"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://revers3everything.com/unlocking-thousands-of-cars-by-exploiting-learning-codes-from-key-fobs"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-Q8W6-W55C-CCV5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 14:42 – Updated: 2026-05-11 14:42CVE-2026-6420: Hardcoded attestation challenge nonce allows replay attacks
Impact
The CertificationParameters.generate_challenge() method in the push attestation protocol uses a hardcoded challenge nonce instead of generating a cryptographically random value. This removes the nonce-based replay protection from TPM quote attestation.
An attacker with root access on a monitored agent node can exploit this by stockpiling valid TPM quotes (using tpm2_quote with the known nonce) before compromising the system, then replaying them to evade detection by the verifier. The push attestation timeout (~10s) constrains the generation window, but TPM throughput allows stockpiling ~50-200 quotes, enabling approximately 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise with default settings.
The attack is limited to a single agent node (AK signature binding prevents cross-agent replay). The pull-mode (legacy) attestation path is not affected.
Affected versions: >= 7.14.0, <= 7.14.1
CVSS: 6.3 Medium (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L)
| Metric | Value | Rationale |
|---|---|---|
| AV | Local | Exploitation requires local access to the agent machine (stop agent, access TPM, run replacement). The network transmission of quotes to the verifier is normal protocol operation. |
| AC | Low | Deterministic attack: publicly visible nonce, standard tpm2-tools, no race conditions. |
| PR | High | Root on a legitimate enrolled node is required. The vulnerability does not help gain access -- it only helps evade detection after root is obtained. No value against a machine the attacker already controls. |
| UI | None | Fully automated after initial setup. |
| S | Unchanged | AK signature binding confines impact to the single compromised agent. |
| C | High | Compromised node continues receiving bootstrap keys, payloads, and secrets intended for trusted nodes. |
| I | High | Verifier cannot distinguish a healthy system from a fully compromised one during the evasion window. |
| A | Low | Only the compromised agent's revocation and incident response are suppressed; the system as a whole remains operational. |
The base score does not fully capture the operational severity: Keylime exists to detect machine compromise, so 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise is operationally critical. The fix is a one-line change and should be applied immediately regardless of the base score.
Patches
The fix restores the original random nonce generation (one-line change in keylime/models/verifier/evidence.py):
# Before (vulnerable):
def generate_challenge(self, bit_length):
# self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)
self.challenge = bytes.fromhex("49beed365aac777dae23564f5ad0ec")
# After (fixed):
def generate_challenge(self, bit_length):
self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)
Users should upgrade to the version containing this fix (7.14.2).
Workarounds
There is no complete workaround. The following existing mechanisms provide partial mitigation and are already active by default (no configuration needed):
- TPM clock monotonicity check limits each distinct stockpiled quote to a single use, bounding the total evasion time.
- Push attestation timeout (default 10s) prevents the attacker from going silent and constrains the quote generation window.
Reducing quote_interval increases the attestation frequency but does not prevent the stockpiling attack.
References
- CWE-329: Generation of Predictable IV/Nonce (primary -- hardcoded nonce in cryptographic attestation protocol)
- CWE-547: Use of Hard-Coded, Security-relevant Constants (hardcoded constant left in production code)
- CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay (consequence -- enables replay attacks)
- CWE-1241: Use of Predictable Algorithm in Random Number Generator
- Introducing commit:
2bf91197via PR #1814 - TCG TPM 2.0 Library Specification, Part 1, Section 18.4 (TPM2_Quote)
- IETF RATS Architecture (RFC 9334), Section 8 (Freshness)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.14.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "keylime"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.14.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.14.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6420"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1241",
"CWE-294",
"CWE-329",
"CWE-547"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## CVE-2026-6420: Hardcoded attestation challenge nonce allows replay attacks\n\n### Impact\n\nThe `CertificationParameters.generate_challenge()` method in the push attestation protocol uses a hardcoded challenge nonce instead of generating a cryptographically random value. This removes the nonce-based replay protection from TPM quote attestation.\n\nAn attacker with root access on a monitored agent node can exploit this by stockpiling valid TPM quotes (using `tpm2_quote` with the known nonce) before compromising the system, then replaying them to evade detection by the verifier. The push attestation timeout (~10s) constrains the generation window, but TPM throughput allows stockpiling ~50-200 quotes, enabling approximately 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise with default settings.\n\nThe attack is limited to a single agent node (AK signature binding prevents cross-agent replay). The pull-mode (legacy) attestation path is not affected.\n\n**Affected versions:** \u003e= 7.14.0, \u003c= 7.14.1\n\n**CVSS:** 6.3 Medium (`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L`)\n\n| Metric | Value | Rationale |\n|---|---|---|\n| AV | Local | Exploitation requires local access to the agent machine (stop agent, access TPM, run replacement). The network transmission of quotes to the verifier is normal protocol operation. |\n| AC | Low | Deterministic attack: publicly visible nonce, standard `tpm2-tools`, no race conditions. |\n| PR | High | Root on a legitimate enrolled node is required. The vulnerability does not help gain access -- it only helps evade detection after root is obtained. No value against a machine the attacker already controls. |\n| UI | None | Fully automated after initial setup. |\n| S | Unchanged | AK signature binding confines impact to the single compromised agent. |\n| C | High | Compromised node continues receiving bootstrap keys, payloads, and secrets intended for trusted nodes. |\n| I | High | Verifier cannot distinguish a healthy system from a fully compromised one during the evasion window. |\n| A | Low | Only the compromised agent\u0027s revocation and incident response are suppressed; the system as a whole remains operational. |\n\nThe base score does not fully capture the operational severity: Keylime exists to detect machine compromise, so 8-33 minutes of undetected compromise is operationally critical. The fix is a one-line change and should be applied immediately regardless of the base score.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe fix restores the original random nonce generation (one-line change in `keylime/models/verifier/evidence.py`):\n\n```python\n# Before (vulnerable):\ndef generate_challenge(self, bit_length):\n # self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)\n self.challenge = bytes.fromhex(\"49beed365aac777dae23564f5ad0ec\")\n\n# After (fixed):\ndef generate_challenge(self, bit_length):\n self.challenge = Nonce.generate(bit_length)\n```\n\nUsers should upgrade to the version containing this fix (7.14.2).\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no complete workaround. The following existing mechanisms provide partial mitigation and are already active by default (no configuration needed):\n\n1. **TPM clock monotonicity check** limits each distinct stockpiled quote to a single use, bounding the total evasion time.\n2. **Push attestation timeout** (default 10s) prevents the attacker from going silent and constrains the quote generation window.\n\nReducing `quote_interval` increases the attestation frequency but does not prevent the stockpiling attack.\n\n### References\n\n- CWE-329: Generation of Predictable IV/Nonce (primary -- hardcoded nonce in cryptographic attestation protocol)\n- CWE-547: Use of Hard-Coded, Security-relevant Constants (hardcoded constant left in production code)\n- CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay (consequence -- enables replay attacks)\n- CWE-1241: Use of Predictable Algorithm in Random Number Generator\n- Introducing commit: [`2bf91197`](https://github.com/keylime/keylime/commit/2bf91197) via [PR #1814](https://github.com/keylime/keylime/pull/1814)\n- TCG TPM 2.0 Library Specification, Part 1, Section 18.4 (TPM2_Quote)\n- IETF RATS Architecture (RFC 9334), Section 8 (Freshness)",
"id": "GHSA-q8w6-w55c-ccv5",
"modified": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T14:42:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/keylime/keylime/security/advisories/GHSA-q8w6-w55c-ccv5"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-6420"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458889"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/keylime/keylime"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Keylime has a hardcoded attestation challenge nonce that allows replay attacks"
}
GHSA-QF8R-GMH3-Q7X2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-26 18:30 – Updated: 2024-09-24 15:31There exists a vulnerability in Quickshare/Nearby where an attacker can bypass the accept file dialog on QuickShare Windows. Normally in QuickShare Windows app we can't send a file without the user accept from the receiving device if the visibility is set to everyone mode or contacts mode. We recommend upgrading to version 1.0.1724.0 of Quickshare or above
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38272"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-26T16:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There exists a vulnerability in Quickshare/Nearby where an attacker can bypass the accept file dialog on QuickShare Windows.\u00a0Normally in QuickShare Windows app we can\u0027t send a file without the user accept from the receiving device if the visibility is set to everyone mode or contacts mode.\u00a0We recommend upgrading to version 1.0.1724.0 of Quickshare or above",
"id": "GHSA-qf8r-gmh3-q7x2",
"modified": "2024-09-24T15:31:32Z",
"published": "2024-06-26T18:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38272"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/google/nearby/pull/2402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/google/nearby/pull/2589"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-R28C-WJWJ-4XGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-12 00:31 – Updated: 2026-02-12 18:30Weak Security in the PF-50 1.2 keyfob of PGST PG107 Alarm System 1.25.05.hf allows attackers to compromise access control via a code replay attack.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-67135"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T23:16:03Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Weak Security in the PF-50 1.2 keyfob of PGST PG107 Alarm System 1.25.05.hf allows attackers to compromise access control via a code replay attack.",
"id": "GHSA-r28c-wjwj-4xgv",
"modified": "2026-02-12T18:30:22Z",
"published": "2026-02-12T00:31:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-67135"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://neutsec.io/advisories/cve-2025-67135"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2XC-748X-F9RJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-08 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-17 00:01joyebike Joy ebike Wolf Manufacturing year 2022 is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-30466"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-07T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "joyebike Joy ebike Wolf Manufacturing year 2022 is vulnerable to Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay.",
"id": "GHSA-r2xc-748x-f9rj",
"modified": "2022-06-17T00:01:27Z",
"published": "2022-06-08T00:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30466"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nsbogam/ebike"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R2XF-JX96-XHHC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:32 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:32JUUKO K-800 (Firmware versions prior to numbers ending ...9A, ...9B, ...9C, etc.) is vulnerable to a replay attack and command forgery, which could allow attackers to replay commands, control the device, view commands, or cause the device to stop running.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17932"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-11-02T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "JUUKO K-800 (Firmware versions prior to numbers ending ...9A, ...9B, ...9C, etc.) is vulnerable to a replay attack and command forgery, which could allow attackers to replay commands, control the device, view commands, or cause the device to stop running.",
"id": "GHSA-r2xf-jx96-xhhc",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:32:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:32:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17932"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-20-301-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R796-QQQW-VXRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-08 12:00 – Updated: 2022-11-09 19:02A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions < V1.17.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions >= V1.17.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions < V2.3.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions >= V2.3.0 < V2.3.2), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions < V3.3.1), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions >= V3.3.1 < V3.3.5), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions < V3.3.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions >= V3.3.0 < V3.3.4). Affected versions of the module insufficiently protect from packet capture replay, only when the not recommended, non default configuration option 'Allow Idp Initiated Authentication' is enabled. This CVE entry describes the incomplete fix for CVE-2022-37011 in a specific non default configuration.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-44457"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-08T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions \u003c V1.17.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 7 compatible) (All versions \u003e= V1.17.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions \u003c V2.3.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 8 compatible) (All versions \u003e= V2.3.0 \u003c V2.3.2), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions \u003c V3.3.1), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, New Track) (All versions \u003e= V3.3.1 \u003c V3.3.5), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions \u003c V3.3.0), Mendix SAML Module (Mendix 9 compatible, Upgrade Track) (All versions \u003e= V3.3.0 \u003c V3.3.4). Affected versions of the module insufficiently protect from packet capture replay, only when the not recommended, non default configuration option `\u0027Allow Idp Initiated Authentication\u0027` is enabled. This CVE entry describes the incomplete fix for CVE-2022-37011 in a specific non default configuration.",
"id": "GHSA-r796-qqqw-vxrj",
"modified": "2022-11-09T19:02:23Z",
"published": "2022-11-08T12:00:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-44457"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-638652.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R837-6RM6-H9PJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-05 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-16 00:00Authentication bypass by capture-replay vulnerability exists in Machine automation controller NJ series all models V 1.48 and earlier, Machine automation controller NX7 series all models V1.28 and earlier, Machine automation controller NX1 series all models V1.48 and earlier, Automation software 'Sysmac Studio' all models V1.49 and earlier, and Programmable Terminal (PT) NA series NA5-15W/NA5-12W/NA5-9W/NA5-7W models Runtime V1.15 and earlier, which may allow a remote attacker who can analyze the communication between the affected controller and automation software 'Sysmac Studio' and/or a Programmable Terminal (PT) to access the controller.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-33208"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-04T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Authentication bypass by capture-replay vulnerability exists in Machine automation controller NJ series all models V 1.48 and earlier, Machine automation controller NX7 series all models V1.28 and earlier, Machine automation controller NX1 series all models V1.48 and earlier, Automation software \u0027Sysmac Studio\u0027 all models V1.49 and earlier, and Programmable Terminal (PT) NA series NA5-15W/NA5-12W/NA5-9W/NA5-7W models Runtime V1.15 and earlier, which may allow a remote attacker who can analyze the communication between the affected controller and automation software \u0027Sysmac Studio\u0027 and/or a Programmable Terminal (PT) to access the controller.",
"id": "GHSA-r837-6rm6-h9pj",
"modified": "2022-07-16T00:00:28Z",
"published": "2022-07-05T00:00:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU97050784/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ia.omron.com/product/vulnerability/OMSR-2022-001_en.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R8J8-HMFC-5QH8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:21 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:54Tinxy Door Lock with firmware before 3.2 allow attackers to unlock a door by replaying an Unlock request that occurred when the attacker was previously authorized. In other words, door-access revocation is mishandled.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-9438"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-294"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-06-23T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Tinxy Door Lock with firmware before 3.2 allow attackers to unlock a door by replaying an Unlock request that occurred when the attacker was previously authorized. In other words, door-access revocation is mishandled.",
"id": "GHSA-r8j8-hmfc-5qh8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:54:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:21:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9438"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40avishek_75733/smart-products-are-always-not-that-smart-tinxy-smart-door-lock-vulnerability-97f91e435e06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@avishek_75733/smart-products-are-always-not-that-smart-tinxy-smart-door-lock-vulnerability-97f91e435e06"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
Mitigation
Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.