CWE-287
DiscouragedImproper Authentication
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
5966 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-R8W2-663P-RF6C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:14 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:14QNAP NAS application Proxy Server through version 1.2.0 does not authenticate requests properly. Successful exploitation can lead to change of the settings of Proxy Server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-7639"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-05T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "QNAP NAS application Proxy Server through version 1.2.0 does not authenticate requests properly. Successful exploitation can lead to change of the settings of Proxy Server.",
"id": "GHSA-r8w2-663p-rf6c",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:14:41Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:14:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-7639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/en/security-advisory/nas-201806-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R92C-MM8F-FHHM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:17 – Updated: 2025-04-12 13:06Alcatel-Lucent OmniVista 8770 2.0 through 3.0 exposes different ORBs interfaces, which can be queried using the GIOP protocol on TCP port 30024. An attacker can bypass authentication, and OmniVista invokes methods (AddJobSet, AddJob, and ExecuteNow) that can be used to run arbitrary commands on the server, with the privilege of NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM on the server. NOTE: The discoverer states "The vendor position is to refer to the technical guidelines of the product security deployment to mitigate this issue, which means applying proper firewall rules to prevent unauthorised clients to connect to the OmniVista server."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9796"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-12-03T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Alcatel-Lucent OmniVista 8770 2.0 through 3.0 exposes different ORBs interfaces, which can be queried using the GIOP protocol on TCP port 30024. An attacker can bypass authentication, and OmniVista invokes methods (AddJobSet, AddJob, and ExecuteNow) that can be used to run arbitrary commands on the server, with the privilege of NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM on the server. NOTE: The discoverer states \"The vendor position is to refer to the technical guidelines of the product security deployment to mitigate this issue, which means applying proper firewall rules to prevent unauthorised clients to connect to the OmniVista server.\"",
"id": "GHSA-r92c-mm8f-fhhm",
"modified": "2025-04-12T13:06:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T01:17:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9796"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/malerisch/omnivista-8770-unauth-rce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/40862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aq37lQKa9sk"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.malerisch.net/2016/12/alcatel-omnivista-8770-unauth-rce-giop-corba.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/94649"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R95R-F5PV-5RR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-09-07 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-14 00:00Dell BIOS versions contain an Improper Authentication vulnerability. A locally authenticated malicious user could potentially exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious input to an SMI in order to bypass security controls.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26858"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-09-06T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Dell BIOS versions contain an Improper Authentication vulnerability. A locally authenticated malicious user could potentially exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious input to an SMI in order to bypass security controls.",
"id": "GHSA-r95r-f5pv-5rr9",
"modified": "2022-09-14T00:00:40Z",
"published": "2022-09-07T00:01:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000202194"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R96M-MPM2-P9XP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-21 19:01 – Updated: 2022-10-24 19:00Dell PowerStore versions 2.1.0.x contain an Authentication bypass vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability under specific configuration. An attacker would gain unauthorized access upon successful exploit.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-26870"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-21T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Dell PowerStore versions 2.1.0.x contain an Authentication bypass vulnerability. A remote unauthenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability under specific configuration. An attacker would gain unauthorized access upon successful exploit.",
"id": "GHSA-r96m-mpm2-p9xp",
"modified": "2022-10-24T19:00:22Z",
"published": "2022-10-21T19:01:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26870"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000196367"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R97Q-42F3-866F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:48The SAML 2.0 implementation in AdNovum nevisAuth 4.13.0.0 before 4.18.3.1, when using SAML POST-Binding, does not match all attributes of the X.509 certificate embedded in the assertion against the certificate from the identity provider (IdP), which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary SAML assertions via a crafted certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-5372"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-09-28T16:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The SAML 2.0 implementation in AdNovum nevisAuth 4.13.0.0 before 4.18.3.1, when using SAML POST-Binding, does not match all attributes of the X.509 certificate embedded in the assertion against the certificate from the identity provider (IdP), which allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary SAML assertions via a crafted certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-r97q-42f3-866f",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:48:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:48:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-5372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.csnc.ch/2015/09/saml-sp-authentication-bypass-vulnerability-in-nevisauth"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/133628/nevisAuth-Authentication-Bypass.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2015/Sep/87"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.csnc.ch/misc/files/advisories/CVE-2015-5372_AdNovum_nevisAuth_Authentication_Bypass.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/536508/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R97X-WW76-JHF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:22 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:22Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) 5500 Series and PIX Security Appliances 7.1(1) through 7.1(2)82, 7.2 before 7.2(4)27, 8.0 before 8.0(4)25, and 8.1 before 8.1(2)15, when AAA override-account-disable is entered in a general-attributes field, allow remote attackers to bypass authentication and establish a VPN session to an ASA device via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-1155"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-04-09T15:08:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cisco Adaptive Security Appliances (ASA) 5500 Series and PIX Security Appliances 7.1(1) through 7.1(2)82, 7.2 before 7.2(4)27, 8.0 before 8.0(4)25, and 8.1 before 8.1(2)15, when AAA override-account-disable is entered in a general-attributes field, allow remote attackers to bypass authentication and establish a VPN session to an ASA device via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-r97x-ww76-jhf3",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:22:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:22:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-1155"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/53441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/34607"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/products_security_advisory09186a0080a994f6.shtml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/34429"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1022016"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/0981"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R9CJ-Q2HJ-HFQ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:24 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:31An improper authentication vulnerability in SSL VPN in FortiOS 6.4.0, 6.2.0 to 6.2.3, 6.0.9 and below may result in a user being able to log in successfully without being prompted for the second factor of authentication (FortiToken) if they changed the case of their username.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-12812"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-178",
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-24T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An improper authentication vulnerability in SSL VPN in FortiOS 6.4.0, 6.2.0 to 6.2.3, 6.0.9 and below may result in a user being able to log in successfully without being prompted for the second factor of authentication (FortiToken) if they changed the case of their username.",
"id": "GHSA-r9cj-q2hj-hfq9",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:31:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:24:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://fortiguard.com/psirt/FG-IR-19-283"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-12812"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-R9FP-QW2C-8CXH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:04 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:04The web framework in Cisco Prime Central for Hosted Collaboration Solution (HCS) Assurance before 9.1.1 does not properly determine the existence of an authenticated session, which allows remote attackers to discover usernames and passwords via an HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCud32600.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-3473"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-09-20T18:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The web framework in Cisco Prime Central for Hosted Collaboration Solution (HCS) Assurance before 9.1.1 does not properly determine the existence of an authenticated session, which allows remote attackers to discover usernames and passwords via an HTTP request, aka Bug ID CSCud32600.",
"id": "GHSA-r9fp-qw2c-8cxh",
"modified": "2022-05-17T05:04:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T05:04:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-3473"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20130918-pc"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-R9G5-7Q8J-958C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 20:33 – Updated: 2026-05-28 20:33Summary
When secureEnabled=true, FUXA 1.3.0-2773 still allows guest and invalid-token requests to read project, alarms, and scheduler APIs.
### Details
In secure mode, requests with no token or an explicitly invalid token were still able to access protected read endpoints.
Confirmed behavior:
- guest
GET /api/projectreturned200 OK - invalid-token requests to
/api/projectalso returned successful responses containing project data - guest and invalid-token requests also returned
200 OKon:/api/alarms/api/scheduler
Relevant code paths identified during analysis:
server/api/jwt-helper.jsverifyToken()converts missing-token or invalid-token states into guest context instead of rejecting the request
server/api/projects/index.jsserver/api/alarms/index.jsserver/api/scheduler/index.js
These handlers accepted the guest context and returned sensitive data in secure mode.
### PoC
Tested only against isolated local lab instances under the original tester's control. No production, customer, shared, or third-party systems were involved.
Reproduction:
- Start FUXA
1.3.0-2773. - Set
secureEnabled=true. - Send unauthenticated requests to:
GET /api/projectGET /api/alarmsGET /api/scheduler?id=test
- Observe
200 OKresponses. - Send the same requests with an explicitly invalid
x-access-tokenvalue. - Observe the same successful responses.
The exact HTTP requests and local PoC script used for confirmation can be provided upon request.
### Impact
This is an authentication/authorization weakness in secure mode.
Impact includes:
- project metadata disclosure
- alarms disclosure
- scheduler information disclosure
- assistance in reconnaissance/follow-on attacks
Operators who believe secure mode protects these APIs are impacted.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "fuxa-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.3.0-2773"
},
{
"fixed": "1.3.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.3.0-2773"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47718"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Summary\n\n When `secureEnabled=true`, FUXA `1.3.0-2773` still allows guest and invalid-token requests to read project, alarms, and scheduler APIs.\n\n ### Details\n\n In secure mode, requests with no token or an explicitly invalid token were still able to access protected read endpoints.\n\n Confirmed behavior:\n\n - guest `GET /api/project` returned `200 OK`\n - invalid-token requests to `/api/project` also returned successful responses containing project data\n - guest and invalid-token requests also returned `200 OK` on:\n - `/api/alarms`\n - `/api/scheduler`\n\n Relevant code paths identified during analysis:\n\n - `server/api/jwt-helper.js`\n - `verifyToken()` converts missing-token or invalid-token states into guest context instead of rejecting the request\n - `server/api/projects/index.js`\n - `server/api/alarms/index.js`\n - `server/api/scheduler/index.js`\n\n These handlers accepted the guest context and returned sensitive data in secure mode.\n\n ### PoC\n\n Tested only against isolated local lab instances under the original tester\u0027s control. No production, customer, shared, or third-party systems were involved.\n\n Reproduction:\n\n 1. Start FUXA `1.3.0-2773`.\n 2. Set `secureEnabled=true`.\n 3. Send unauthenticated requests to:\n - `GET /api/project`\n - `GET /api/alarms`\n - `GET /api/scheduler?id=test`\n 4. Observe `200 OK` responses.\n 5. Send the same requests with an explicitly invalid `x-access-token` value.\n 6. Observe the same successful responses.\n\n The exact HTTP requests and local PoC script used for confirmation can be provided upon request.\n\n ### Impact\n\n This is an authentication/authorization weakness in secure mode.\n\n Impact includes:\n\n - project metadata disclosure\n - alarms disclosure\n - scheduler information disclosure\n - assistance in reconnaissance/follow-on attacks\n\n Operators who believe secure mode protects these APIs are impacted.",
"id": "GHSA-r9g5-7q8j-958c",
"modified": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
"published": "2026-05-28T20:33:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/security/advisories/GHSA-r9g5-7q8j-958c"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frangoteam/FUXA/releases/tag/v1.3.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "FUXA provides guest and invalid-token access to protected read APIs in secure mode"
}
GHSA-R9MP-767W-88M3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-03 18:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:34Improper Authentication vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - CentralAuth Extension allows : Bypass Authentication.This issue affects Mediawiki - CentralAuth Extension: from 1.39.X before 1.39.13, from 1.42.X before 1.42.7, from 1.43.X before 1.43.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-6926"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-287"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-03T17:15:41Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Improper Authentication vulnerability in Wikimedia Foundation Mediawiki - CentralAuth Extension allows : Bypass Authentication.This issue affects Mediawiki - CentralAuth Extension: from 1.39.X before 1.39.13, from 1.42.X before 1.42.7, from 1.43.X before 1.43.2.",
"id": "GHSA-r9mp-767w-88m3",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:34:05Z",
"published": "2025-07-03T18:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-6926"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gerrit.wikimedia.org/r/c/mediawiki/core/+/1165117"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/07/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T389010"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse
An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.
CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass
An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.
CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing
Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.
CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data
An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.
CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client
An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.
CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data
This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.
CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking
This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.
CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.
CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server
By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.
CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)
An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.