Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-287

Discouraged

Improper Authentication

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

6004 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-M7C9-5C5M-JQ4Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-23 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-24 00:00
VLAI
Details

Authentication Bypass vulnerability in miniOrange OAuth 2.0 client for SSO plugin <= 1.11.3 at WordPress.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-34858"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-269",
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-306"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-22T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Authentication Bypass vulnerability in miniOrange OAuth 2.0 client for SSO plugin \u003c= 1.11.3 at WordPress.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7c9-5c5m-jq4q",
  "modified": "2022-08-24T00:00:29Z",
  "published": "2022-08-23T00:00:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34858"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lana.codes/lanavdb/df23b19f-4134-41d3-8cb3-9d44189b461b?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/oauth-client/wordpress-oauth-2-0-client-for-sso-plugin-1-11-3-authentication-bypass-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/oauth-client/wordpress-oauth-2-0-client-for-sso-plugin-1-11-3-authentication-bypass-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/oauth-client/#developers"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M7FH-9PV8-FWC2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36
VLAI
Details

It was found that dropbear before version 2013.59 with GSSAPI leaks whether given username is valid or invalid. When an invalid username is given, the GSSAPI authentication failure was incorrectly counted towards the maximum allowed number of password attempts.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-2659"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-03-21T15:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "It was found that dropbear before version 2013.59 with GSSAPI leaks whether given username is valid or invalid. When an invalid username is given, the GSSAPI authentication failure was incorrectly counted towards the maximum allowed number of password attempts.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7fh-9pv8-fwc2",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:51Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:36:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2017-2659"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://secure.ucc.asn.au/hg/dropbear/rev/d7784616409a#l1.86"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M7GH-VQF9-M6JW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:27 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:27
VLAI
Details

AirDroid 1.0.4 beta implements authentication through direct transmission of a password hash over HTTP, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access by sniffing the local wireless network and then replaying the authentication data.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-3884"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-07-26T22:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "AirDroid 1.0.4 beta implements authentication through direct transmission of a password hash over HTTP, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain access by sniffing the local wireless network and then replaying the authentication data.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7gh-vqf9-m6jw",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T05:27:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:27:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-3884"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-07/0087.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.tele-consulting.com/advisories/TC-SA-2012-02.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-M7GV-V8XX-V47W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-04 18:58 – Updated: 2022-11-08 15:17
VLAI
Summary
XWiki OIDC Authenticator vulnerable to bypassing OpenID login by providing a custom provider
Details

Impact

Even if a wiki has an OpenID provider configured through its xwiki.properties, it is possible to provide a third party provider by providing its details through request parameters. One can then bypass the XWiki authentication altogether by specifying its own provider through the oidc.endpoint.* request parameters (or by using an XWiki-based OpenID provider with oidc.xwikiprovider.

With the same approach, one could also provide a specific group mapping through oidc.groups.mapping that would make his user automatically part of the XWikiAdminGroup

Patches

Patched in version 1.29.1.

Workarounds

There is no workaround, an upgrade of the authenticator is required.

References

https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-118

For more information

If you have any questions or comments about this advisory:

  • Open an issue in Jira XWiki
  • Email us at our security mailing list
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.contrib.oidc:oidc-authenticator"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.29.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-39387"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-04T18:58:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-11-04T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nEven if a wiki has an OpenID provider configured through its xwiki.properties, it is possible to provide a third party provider by providing its details through request parameters. One can then bypass the XWiki authentication altogether by specifying its own provider through the oidc.endpoint.* request parameters (or by using an XWiki-based OpenID provider with oidc.xwikiprovider.\n\nWith the same approach, one could also provide a specific group mapping through oidc.groups.mapping that would make his user automatically part of the XWikiAdminGroup\n\n### Patches\n\nPatched in version 1.29.1.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no workaround, an upgrade of the authenticator is required.\n\n### References\n\nhttps://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-118\n\n### For more information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\n* Open an issue in Jira XWiki\n* Email us at our security mailing list\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-m7gv-v8xx-v47w",
  "modified": "2022-11-08T15:17:36Z",
  "published": "2022-11-04T18:58:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/security/advisories/GHSA-m7gv-v8xx-v47w"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39387"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc/commit/0247af1417925b9734ab106ad7cd934ee870ac89"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki-contrib/oidc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/OIDC-118"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "XWiki OIDC Authenticator vulnerable to bypassing OpenID login by providing a custom provider"
}

GHSA-M7H8-8Q5M-8G9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:36 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:36
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in SolarWinds N-Central 12.3.0.670. The local database does not require authentication: security is only based on ability to access a network interface. The database has keys and passwords.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-25621"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-12-16T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in SolarWinds N-Central 12.3.0.670. The local database does not require authentication: security is only based on ability to access a network interface. The database has keys and passwords.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7h8-8q5m-8g9r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:36:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:36:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-25621"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ernw.de/en/publications.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://insinuator.net/2020/12/security-advisories-for-solarwinds-n-central"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.solarwinds.com/SuccessCenter/s"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-M7V3-P7G2-XH6X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 15:39 – Updated: 2026-05-28 15:39
VLAI
Details

The Mennekes Amtron series (firmware versions ≤ 5.22.3) is vulnerable to an authentication bypass. An unauthenticated remote attacker can change the password of the user account via a crafted POST request to the /operator/operator endpoint.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8979"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T14:16:24Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Mennekes Amtron series (firmware versions \u2264 5.22.3) is vulnerable to an authentication bypass. An unauthenticated remote attacker can change the password of the user account via a crafted POST request to the /operator/operator endpoint.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7v3-p7g2-xh6x",
  "modified": "2026-05-28T15:39:50Z",
  "published": "2026-05-28T15:39:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8979"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cyberdanube.com/security-research/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-mennekes-amtron-series"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M7V9-W9C3-MW2G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:10 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:10
VLAI
Details

On Jooan IP Camera A5 2.3.36 devices, an insecure FTP server does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to read or replace core system files including those used for authentication (such as passwd and shadow). This can be abused to take full root level control of the device.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-16566"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-11-17T23:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "On Jooan IP Camera A5 2.3.36 devices, an insecure FTP server does not require authentication, which allows remote attackers to read or replace core system files including those used for authentication (such as passwd and shadow). This can be abused to take full root level control of the device.",
  "id": "GHSA-m7v9-w9c3-mw2g",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:10:46Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:10:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-16566"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://siggyd.github.io/Advisories/CVE-2017-16566"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M82Q-V8RC-95V6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-27 06:30 – Updated: 2023-04-03 18:32
VLAI
Details

Use of Default Password vulnerability in ABB RCCMD on Windows, Linux, MacOS allows Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords.This issue affects RCCMD: before 4.40 230207.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-4126"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1393",
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-27T05:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Use of Default Password vulnerability in ABB RCCMD on Windows, Linux, MacOS allows Try Common or Default Usernames and Passwords.This issue affects RCCMD: before 4.40 230207.",
  "id": "GHSA-m82q-v8rc-95v6",
  "modified": "2023-04-03T18:32:10Z",
  "published": "2023-03-27T06:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-4126"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://search.abb.com/library/Download.aspx?DocumentID=2CMT006099_EN\u0026LanguageCode=en\u0026DocumentPartId=\u0026Action=Launch"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M837-G268-MMV7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 14:08 – Updated: 2025-07-25 14:08
VLAI
Summary
Node-SAML SAML Authentication Bypass
Details

Node-SAML loads the assertion from the (unsigned) original response document. This is different than the parts that are verified when checking signature.

This allows an attacker to modify authentication details within a valid SAML assertion. For example, in one attack it is possible to remove any character from the SAML assertion username.

To conduct the attack an attacker would need a validly signed document from the identity provider (IdP).

In fixing this we upgraded xml-crypto to v6.1.2 and made sure to process the SAML assertions from only verified/authenticated contents. This will prevent future variants from coming up.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "node-saml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "3.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.0.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@node-saml/node-saml"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54369"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-347",
      "CWE-87"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-07-25T14:08:50Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-24T23:15:26Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Node-SAML loads the assertion from the (unsigned) original response document. This is different than the parts that are verified when checking signature. \n\nThis allows an attacker to modify authentication details within a valid SAML assertion. For example, in one attack it is possible to remove any character from the SAML assertion username.\n\nTo conduct the attack an attacker would need a validly signed document from the identity provider (IdP).\n\nIn fixing this we upgraded xml-crypto to v6.1.2 and made sure to process the SAML assertions from only verified/authenticated contents. This will prevent future variants from coming up.",
  "id": "GHSA-m837-g268-mmv7",
  "modified": "2025-07-25T14:08:50Z",
  "published": "2025-07-25T14:08:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-saml/node-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-m837-g268-mmv7"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54369"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-saml/node-saml/commit/31ead9411ebc3e2385086fa9149b6c17732bca10"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-saml/node-saml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/node-saml/node-saml/releases/tag/v5.1.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Node-SAML SAML Authentication Bypass"
}

GHSA-M86Q-2RV9-QF8H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-28 03:30 – Updated: 2025-01-14 06:32
VLAI
Details

Improper authentication vulnerability in NEC Corporation Aterm WG1800HP4, WG1200HS3, WG1900HP2, WG1200HP3, WG1800HP3, WG1200HS2, WG1900HP, WG1200HP2, W1200EX(-MS), WG1200HS, WG1200HP, WF300HP2, W300P, WF800HP, WR8165N, WG2200HP, WF1200HP2, WG1800HP2, WF1200HP, WG600HP, WG300HP, WF300HP, WG1800HP, WG1400HP, WR8175N, WR9300N, WR8750N, WR8160N, WR9500N, WR8600N, WR8370N, WR8170N, WR8700N, WR8300N, WR8150N, WR4100N, WR4500N, WR8100N, WR8500N, CR2500P, WR8400N, WR8200N, WR1200H, WR7870S, WR6670S, WR7850S, WR6650S, WR6600H, WR7800H, WM3400RN, WM3450RN, WM3500R, WM3600R, WM3800R, WR8166N, MR01LN and MR02LN all versions allows a attacker to execute an arbitrary command with the root privilege via the internet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-28009"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-287"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-28T01:15:47Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper authentication vulnerability in NEC Corporation Aterm WG1800HP4, WG1200HS3, WG1900HP2, WG1200HP3, WG1800HP3, WG1200HS2, WG1900HP, WG1200HP2, W1200EX(-MS), WG1200HS, WG1200HP, WF300HP2, W300P, WF800HP, WR8165N, WG2200HP, WF1200HP2, WG1800HP2, WF1200HP, WG600HP, WG300HP, WF300HP, WG1800HP, WG1400HP, WR8175N, WR9300N, WR8750N, WR8160N, WR9500N, WR8600N, WR8370N, WR8170N, WR8700N, WR8300N, WR8150N, WR4100N, WR4500N, WR8100N, WR8500N, CR2500P, WR8400N, WR8200N, WR1200H, WR7870S, WR6670S, WR7850S, WR6650S, WR6600H, WR7800H, WM3400RN, WM3450RN, WM3500R, WM3600R, WM3800R, WR8166N, MR01LN and MR02LN all versions allows a attacker to execute an arbitrary command with the root privilege via the internet.",
  "id": "GHSA-m86q-2rv9-qf8h",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T06:32:00Z",
  "published": "2024-03-28T03:30:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-001_en.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv24-001_en.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.

CAPEC-114: Authentication Abuse

An attacker obtains unauthorized access to an application, service or device either through knowledge of the inherent weaknesses of an authentication mechanism, or by exploiting a flaw in the authentication scheme's implementation. In such an attack an authentication mechanism is functioning but a carefully controlled sequence of events causes the mechanism to grant access to the attacker.

CAPEC-115: Authentication Bypass

An attacker gains access to application, service, or device with the privileges of an authorized or privileged user by evading or circumventing an authentication mechanism. The attacker is therefore able to access protected data without authentication ever having taken place.

CAPEC-151: Identity Spoofing

Identity Spoofing refers to the action of assuming (i.e., taking on) the identity of some other entity (human or non-human) and then using that identity to accomplish a goal. An adversary may craft messages that appear to come from a different principle or use stolen / spoofed authentication credentials.

CAPEC-194: Fake the Source of Data

An adversary takes advantage of improper authentication to provide data or services under a falsified identity. The purpose of using the falsified identity may be to prevent traceability of the provided data or to assume the rights granted to another individual. One of the simplest forms of this attack would be the creation of an email message with a modified "From" field in order to appear that the message was sent from someone other than the actual sender. The root of the attack (in this case the email system) fails to properly authenticate the source and this results in the reader incorrectly performing the instructed action. Results of the attack vary depending on the details of the attack, but common results include privilege escalation, obfuscation of other attacks, and data corruption/manipulation.

CAPEC-22: Exploiting Trust in Client

An attack of this type exploits vulnerabilities in client/server communication channel authentication and data integrity. It leverages the implicit trust a server places in the client, or more importantly, that which the server believes is the client. An attacker executes this type of attack by communicating directly with the server where the server believes it is communicating only with a valid client. There are numerous variations of this type of attack.

CAPEC-57: Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive Data

This attack utilizes a REST(REpresentational State Transfer)-style applications' trust in the system resources and environment to obtain sensitive data once SSL is terminated.

CAPEC-593: Session Hijacking

This type of attack involves an adversary that exploits weaknesses in an application's use of sessions in performing authentication. The adversary is able to steal or manipulate an active session and use it to gain unathorized access to the application.

CAPEC-633: Token Impersonation

An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to create an access token (or equivalent) that impersonates a different entity, and then associates a process/thread to that that impersonated token. This action causes a downstream user to make a decision or take action that is based on the assumed identity, and not the response that blocks the adversary.

CAPEC-650: Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server

By exploiting insufficient permissions, it is possible to upload a web shell to a web server in such a way that it can be executed remotely. This shell can have various capabilities, thereby acting as a "gateway" to the underlying web server. The shell might execute at the higher permission level of the web server, providing the ability the execute malicious code at elevated levels.

CAPEC-94: Adversary in the Middle (AiTM)

An adversary targets the communication between two components (typically client and server), in order to alter or obtain data from transactions. A general approach entails the adversary placing themself within the communication channel between the two components.