Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-22

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.

13025 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-33054 (GCVE-0-2026-33054)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 06:57 – Updated: 2026-03-20 13:50
VLAI
Title
Mesop: Path Traversal utilizing `FileStateSessionBackend` leads to Application Denial of Service and File Write/Deletion
Summary
Mesop is a Python-based UI framework that allows users to build web applications. Versions 1.2.2 and below contain a Path Traversal vulnerability that allows any user supplying an untrusted state_token through the UI stream payload to arbitrarily target files on the disk under the standard file-based runtime backend. This can result in application denial of service (via crash loops when reading non-msgpack target files as configurations), or arbitrary file manipulation. This vulnerability heavily exposes systems hosted utilizing FileStateSessionBackend. Unauthorized malicious actors could interact with arbitrary payloads overwriting or explicitly removing underlying service resources natively outside the application bounds. This issue has been fixed in version 1.2.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
mesop-dev mesop Affected: < 1.2.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-33046 (GCVE-0-2026-33046)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 22:45 – Updated: 2026-03-24 13:42
VLAI
Title
Indico discloses local files resulting in Remote Code Execution through LaTeX injection
Summary
Indico is an event management system that uses Flask-Multipass, a multi-backend authentication system for Flask. In versions prior to 3.3.12, due to vulnerabilities in TeXLive and obscure LaTeX syntax that allowed circumventing Indico's LaTeX sanitizer, it is possible to use specially-crafted LaTeX snippets which can read local files or execute code with the privileges of the user running Indico on the server. Note that if server-side LaTeX rendering is not in use (ie `XELATEX_PATH` was not set in `indico.conf`), this vulnerability does not apply. It is recommended to update to Indico 3.3.12 as soon as possible. It is also strongly recommended to enable the containerized LaTeX renderer (using `podman`), which isolates it from the rest of the system. As a workaround, remove the `XELATEX_PATH` setting from `indico.conf` (or comment it out or set it to `None`) and restart the `indico-uwsgi` and `indico-celery` services to disable LaTeX functionality.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
indico indico Affected: < 3.3.12
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-33027 (GCVE-0-2026-33027)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-30 17:59 – Updated: 2026-03-30 18:37
VLAI
Title
Nginx UI: Improper Path Validation Allows Recursive Deletion of the Nginx Configuration Directory
Summary
Nginx UI is a web user interface for the Nginx web server. Prior to version 2.3.4, the nginx-ui configuration improperly handles URL-encoded traversal sequences. When specially crafted paths are supplied, the backend resolves them to the base Nginx configuration directory and executes the operation on the base directory (/etc/nginx). In particular, this allows an authenticated user to remove the entire /etc/nginx directory, resulting in a partial Denial of Service. This issue has been patched in version 2.3.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-73 - External Control of File Name or Path
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
0xJacky nginx-ui Affected: < 2.3.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32981 (GCVE-0-2026-32981)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-17 19:33 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:07
VLAI
Title
Ray Dashboard <= 2.8.0 Path Traversal Leading to Local File Disclosure
Summary
A path traversal vulnerability was identified in Ray Dashboard (default port 8265) in Ray versions prior to 2.8.1. Due to improper validation and sanitization of user-supplied paths in the static file handling mechanism, an attacker can use traversal sequences (e.g., ../) to access files outside the intended static directory, resulting in local file disclosure.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ray-project Ray Affected: 0 , < 2.8.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 Unaffected: 1774351144 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 Unaffected: 1774547384 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat AI Inference Server 3.2 Unaffected: 1775252598 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ai_inference_server:3.2::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078312 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078429 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078632 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078416 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780417775 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780069146 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078413 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078629 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780078414 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 2.25 Unaffected: 1780069222 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:2.25::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677779 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677692 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677701 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677741 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677767 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677718 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677716 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677734 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677667 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677717 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI 3.3 Unaffected: 1778677722 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai:3.3::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI (RHEL AI) 3     cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_ai:3
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift AI (RHOAI)     cpe:/a:redhat:openshift_ai
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Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32938 (GCVE-0-2026-32938)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 03:19 – Updated: 2026-03-20 15:47
VLAI
Title
SiYuan has an Arbitrary File Read in its Desktop Publish Service
Summary
SiYuan is a personal knowledge management system. In versions 3.6.0 and below, the /api/lute/html2BlockDOM on the desktop copies local files pointed to by file:// links in pasted HTML into the workspace assets directory without validating paths against a sensitive-path list. Together with GET /assets/*path, which only requires authentication, a publish-service visitor can cause the desktop kernel to copy any readable sensitive file and then read it via GET, leading to exfiltration of sensitive files. This issue has been fixed in version 3.6.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
siyuan-note siyuan Affected: < 3.6.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32885 (GCVE-0-2026-32885)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-22 16:54 – Updated: 2026-04-22 18:35
VLAI
Title
DDEV has ZipSlip path traversal in tar and zip archive extraction
Summary
DDEV is an open-source tool for running local web development environments for PHP and Node.js. Versions prior to 1.25.2 have unsanitized extraction in both `Untar()` and `Unzip()` functions in `pkg/archive/archive.go`. Downloads and extracts archives from remote sources without path validation. Version 1.25.2 patches the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ddev ddev Affected: < 1.25.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32847 (GCVE-0-2026-32847)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-28 19:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:40 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
DeepCode 1.2.0 Path Traversal via SPA Catch-All Route in main.py
Summary
DeepCode through commit c991dc2 contains a path traversal vulnerability in the SPA catch-all route in new_ui/backend/main.py that allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files by supplying percent-encoded path segments to the GET /{full_path:path} endpoint. Attackers can bypass Starlette's path normalization by encoding slashes as %2F and dots as %2E%2E, causing the joined path to traverse outside FRONTEND_DIST and exposing sensitive files such as SSH private keys, TLS certificates, and application secrets with a single HTTP request.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HKUDS DeepCode Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.0 (semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ c991dc22e67958a031f2e20595128a6a5fbd8f3d (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-29 00:00
Credits
YU SUN
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32846 (GCVE-0-2026-32846)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-26 16:36 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:40
VLAI
Title
OpenClaw < 2026.3.28 Media Parsing Path Traversal to Arbitrary File Read
Summary
OpenClaw before 2026.3.28 contains a path traversal vulnerability in media parsing that allows attackers to read arbitrary files by bypassing path validation in the isLikelyLocalPath() and isValidMedia() functions. Attackers can exploit incomplete validation and the allowBareFilename bypass to reference files outside the intended application sandbox, resulting in disclosure of sensitive information including system files, environment files, and SSH keys.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenClaw OpenClaw Affected: 0 , < 2026.3.28 (semver)
Unaffected: 2026.3.28 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-03-26 00:00
Credits
Zhijie Zhang VulnCheck
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32808 (GCVE-0-2026-32808)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-20 01:45 – Updated: 2026-03-25 14:29
VLAI
Title
pyLoad: Arbitrary File Deletion via Path Traversal during Encrypted 7z Password Verification
Summary
pyLoad is a free and open-source download manager written in Python. Versions before 0.5.0b3.dev97 are vulnerable to path traversal during password verification of certain encrypted 7z archives (encrypted files with non-encrypted headers), causing arbitrary file deletion outside of the extraction directory. During password verification, pyLoad derives an archive entry name from 7z listing output and treats it as a filesystem path without constraining it to the extraction directory. This issue has been fixed in version 0.5.0b3.dev97.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pyload pyload Affected: >= 0.4.9-6262-g2fa0b11d3, < 0.5.0b3.dev97
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-32805 (GCVE-0-2026-32805)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-18 22:24 – Updated: 2026-03-19 13:46
VLAI
Title
Romeo is vulnerable to Archive Slip due to missing checks in sanitization
Summary
Romeo gives the capability to reach high code coverage of Go ≥1.20 apps by helping to measure code coverage for functional and integration tests within GitHub Actions. Prior to version 0.2.2, the `sanitizeArchivePath` function in `webserver/api/v1/decoder.go` (lines 80-88) is vulnerable to a path traversal bypass due to a missing trailing path separator in the `strings.HasPrefix` check. A crafted tar archive can write files outside the intended destination directory. Version 0.2.2 fixes the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ctfer-io romeo Affected: < 0.2.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-5.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
  • Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation MIT-20.1
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
  • Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
  • realpath() in C
  • getCanonicalPath() in Java
  • GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
  • realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
  • realpath() in PHP
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-21.1
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion

  • When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
  • For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-34
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

  • Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
  • This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
  • Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
  • If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
  • Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
  • In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation Implementation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.

CAPEC-126: Path Traversal

An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.

CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic

This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.

CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls

An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.

CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.

CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding

This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.