Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-198

Allowed

Use of Incorrect Byte Ordering

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not account for byte ordering (e.g. big-endian and little-endian) when processing the input, causing an incorrect number or value to be used.

4 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-52980 (GCVE-0-2025-52980)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 15:08 – Updated: 2025-07-15 19:55
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: SRX300 Series: rpd will crash upon receiving a specific, valid BGP UPDATE message
Summary
A Use of Incorrect Byte Ordering vulnerability in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX300 Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS). When a BGP update is received over an established BGP session which contains a specific, valid, optional, transitive path attribute, rpd will crash and restart. This issue affects eBGP and iBGP over IPv4 and IPv6. This issue affects: Junos OS: * 22.1 versions from 22.1R1 before 22.2R3-S4, * 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3, * 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S2, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-07-11 16:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-198 - Use of Incorrect Byte Ordering
Assigner
juniper CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 85/100 over 175 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S4 (semver)
Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R3-S3 (semver)
Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S2 (semver)
Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2 (semver)
Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R2 (semver)
Unaffected: 0 , < 22.1R1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-09 16:00
Show details on NVD website

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GHSA-HVQC-PC78-X9WH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-08-25 20:53 – Updated: 2023-06-13 20:30
VLAI
Summary
Soundness issue in raw-cpuid
Details

VendorInfo::as_string(), SoCVendorBrand::as_string(), and ExtendedFunctionInfo::processor_brand_string() construct byte slices using std::slice::from_raw_parts(), with data coming from #[repr(Rust)] structs. This is always undefined behavior. This flaw has been fixed in v9.0.0, by making the relevant structs #[repr(C)].

Show details on source website

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  "id": "GHSA-hvqc-pc78-x9wh",
  "modified": "2023-06-13T20:30:27Z",
  "published": "2021-08-25T20:53:10Z",
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      "url": "https://github.com/gz/rust-cpuid/issues/40"
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      "url": "https://github.com/RustSec/advisory-db/pull/614"
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GHSA-P6JR-6CRG-PFCJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-11 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-11 18:30
VLAI
Details

A Use of Incorrect Byte Ordering

vulnerability

in the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX300 Series allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS).

When a BGP update is received over an established BGP session which contains a specific, valid, optional, transitive path attribute, rpd will crash and restart.

This issue affects eBGP and iBGP over IPv4 and IPv6.

This issue affects:

Junos OS:

  • 22.1 versions from 22.1R1 before 22.2R3-S4,
  • 22.3 versions before 22.3R3-S3,
  • 22.4 versions before 22.4R3-S2,
  • 23.2 versions before 23.2R2,
  • 23.4 versions before 23.4R2.
Show details on source website

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  "id": "GHSA-p6jr-6crg-pfcj",
  "modified": "2025-07-11T18:30:33Z",
  "published": "2025-07-11T18:30:33Z",
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    },
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}

GHSA-VM8V-FR63-MFH4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-08 18:31 – Updated: 2026-10-15 03:36
VLAI
Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

flow_dissector: do not dissect PPPoE PFC frames

RFC 2516 Section 7 states that Protocol Field Compression (PFC) is NOT RECOMMENDED for PPPoE. In practice, pppd does not support negotiating PFC for PPPoE sessions, and the flow dissector driver has assumed an uncompressed frame until the blamed commit.

During the review process of that commit [1], support for PFC is suggested. However, having a compressed (1-byte) protocol field means the subsequent PPP payload is shifted by one byte, causing 4-byte misalignment for the network header and an unaligned access exception on some architectures.

The exception can be reproduced by sending a PPPoE PFC frame to an ethernet interface of a MIPS board, with RPS enabled, even if no PPPoE session is active on that interface:

$ 0 : 00000000 80c40000 00000000 85144817 $ 4 : 00000008 00000100 80a75758 81dc9bb8 $ 8 : 00000010 8087ae2c 0000003d 00000000 $12 : 000000e0 00000039 00000000 00000000 $16 : 85043240 80a75758 81dc9bb8 00006488 $20 : 0000002f 00000007 85144810 80a70000 $24 : 81d1bda0 00000000 $28 : 81dc8000 81dc9aa8 00000000 805ead08 Hi : 00009d51 Lo : 2163358a epc : 805e91f0 __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 ra : 805ead08 __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c Status: 11000403 KERNEL EXL IE Cause : 40800010 (ExcCode 04) BadVA : 85144817 PrId : 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc) Call Trace: [<805e91f0>] __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50 [<805ead08>] __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c [<805ef330>] get_rps_cpu+0x1b8/0x3fc [<805fca70>] netif_receive_skb_list_internal+0x324/0x364 [<805fd120>] napi_complete_done+0x68/0x2a4 [<8058de5c>] mtk_napi_rx+0x228/0xfec [<805fd398>] __napi_poll+0x3c/0x1c4 [<805fd754>] napi_threaded_poll_loop+0x234/0x29c [<805fd848>] napi_threaded_poll+0x8c/0xb0 [<80053544>] kthread+0x104/0x12c [<80002bd8>] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c

Code: 02d51821 1060045b 00000000 <8c640000> 3084000f 2c820005 144001a2 00042080 8e220000

To reduce the attack surface and maintain performance, do not process PPPoE PFC frames.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220630231016.GA392@debian.home

Show details on source website

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    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nflow_dissector: do not dissect PPPoE PFC frames\n\nRFC 2516 Section 7 states that Protocol Field Compression (PFC) is NOT\nRECOMMENDED for PPPoE. In practice, pppd does not support negotiating\nPFC for PPPoE sessions, and the flow dissector driver has assumed an\nuncompressed frame until the blamed commit.\n\nDuring the review process of that commit [1], support for PFC is\nsuggested. However, having a compressed (1-byte) protocol field means\nthe subsequent PPP payload is shifted by one byte, causing 4-byte\nmisalignment for the network header and an unaligned access exception\non some architectures.\n\nThe exception can be reproduced by sending a PPPoE PFC frame to an\nethernet interface of a MIPS board, with RPS enabled, even if no PPPoE\nsession is active on that interface:\n\n$ 0   : 00000000 80c40000 00000000 85144817\n$ 4   : 00000008 00000100 80a75758 81dc9bb8\n$ 8   : 00000010 8087ae2c 0000003d 00000000\n$12   : 000000e0 00000039 00000000 00000000\n$16   : 85043240 80a75758 81dc9bb8 00006488\n$20   : 0000002f 00000007 85144810 80a70000\n$24   : 81d1bda0 00000000\n$28   : 81dc8000 81dc9aa8 00000000 805ead08\nHi    : 00009d51\nLo    : 2163358a\nepc   : 805e91f0 __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50\nra    : 805ead08 __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c\nStatus: 11000403        KERNEL EXL IE\nCause : 40800010 (ExcCode 04)\nBadVA : 85144817\nPrId  : 0001992f (MIPS 1004Kc)\nCall Trace:\n[\u003c805e91f0\u003e] __skb_flow_dissect+0x1b0/0x1b50\n[\u003c805ead08\u003e] __skb_get_hash_net+0x74/0x12c\n[\u003c805ef330\u003e] get_rps_cpu+0x1b8/0x3fc\n[\u003c805fca70\u003e] netif_receive_skb_list_internal+0x324/0x364\n[\u003c805fd120\u003e] napi_complete_done+0x68/0x2a4\n[\u003c8058de5c\u003e] mtk_napi_rx+0x228/0xfec\n[\u003c805fd398\u003e] __napi_poll+0x3c/0x1c4\n[\u003c805fd754\u003e] napi_threaded_poll_loop+0x234/0x29c\n[\u003c805fd848\u003e] napi_threaded_poll+0x8c/0xb0\n[\u003c80053544\u003e] kthread+0x104/0x12c\n[\u003c80002bd8\u003e] ret_from_kernel_thread+0x14/0x1c\n\nCode: 02d51821  1060045b  00000000 \u003c8c640000\u003e 3084000f  2c820005  144001a2  00042080  8e220000\n\nTo reduce the attack surface and maintain performance, do not process\nPPPoE PFC frames.\n\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220630231016.GA392@debian.home",
  "id": "GHSA-vm8v-fr63-mfh4",
  "modified": "2026-10-15T03:36:07Z",
  "published": "2026-06-08T18:31:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46306"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-019113.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-457936.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0d00b9015069712944934bab09eaa6c542143049"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/18ae9eacfc95cc715c0606b2c86e8aa8a86cf3e3"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6044392d9cace3a3672b02c8bc7d38b502e51734"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7c93f353eab4ea911e394630f07d72e040a729d8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/abc5bc84e0f2edc7ea2d437afa6ef3fe1fc43200"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d6c19b31a3c1d519fabdcf0aa239e6b6109b9473"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db104b0d8a7856397c0469d83a4289adf7c54863"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7c811ca372d53c2be7d01a1614e71fae1054836"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.