Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-1385

Allowed

Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product uses a WebSocket, but it does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid.

77 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-54565 (GCVE-0-2026-54565)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-17 20:19 – Updated: 2026-09-21 21:13
VLAI
Title
rhwp browser extension performs SSRF / private-network requests and leaks HWP preview data to untrusted pages
Summary
rhwp is an HWP viewer and editor implemented in Rust and WebAssembly. Prior to rhwp 0.7.15 and rhwp Chrome and Firefox extension 0.2.4, the browser extensions use an all-URLs host permission to detect HWP and HWPX links on visited pages, but the service workers do not validate message senders, URL schemes, or destination addresses before privileged fetches. The affected paths are rhwp-chrome/manifest.json, rhwp-chrome/content-script.js, rhwp-chrome/sw/message-router.js, rhwp-chrome/sw/thumbnail-extractor.js, rhwp-firefox/manifest.json, rhwp-firefox/content-script.js, rhwp-firefox/sw/message-router.js, and rhwp-firefox/sw/thumbnail-extractor.js. An untrusted page can make the fetch-file and extract-thumbnail handlers request localhost or private-network resources. When a target HWP or HWPX file contains an extractable PrvImage, the extension returns the preview as a data URI in page-readable DOM, allowing page script to read it. The flaw also permits internal-resource existence and port probing and extension presence or version fingerprinting. Exploitation requires a user to visit an untrusted page while the extension is enabled, and preview disclosure is limited to an extractable PrvImage. This issue is fixed in rhwp 0.7.15 and rhwp Chrome and Firefox extension 0.2.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-21 21:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-359 - Exposure of Private Personal Information to an Unauthorized Actor
  • CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
edwardkim rhwp Affected: < 0.7.15
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-44514 (GCVE-0-2026-44514)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-14 16:20 – Updated: 2026-05-16 00:39
VLAI
Title
Kubetail: Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking allows attacker to read Kubernetes logs from authenticated users
Summary
Kubetail is a real-time logging dashboard for Kubernetes. Prior to 0.14.0, Kubetail's dashboard exposes WebSocket endpoints that did not adequately validate the Origin header on connection upgrade. A malicious web page visited by a user with an active Kubetail session could open a WebSocket to the user's dashboard and read their Kubernetes logs in real time. This is a Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) vulnerability and affects both the desktop deployment (default http://localhost:7500) and cluster deployments (typically behind an Ingress with HTTP basic auth). This vulnerability is fixed in 0.14.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-16 00:39 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
References
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-44211 (GCVE-0-2026-44211)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-01 16:01 – Updated: 2026-06-04 03:55
VLAI
Title
Cline Kanban Server has a Cross-Origin WebSocket Hijacking Vulnerability
Summary
Cline is an autonomous coding agent as an SDK, IDE extension, or CLI assistant. In versions 2.13.0 and prior, there is a cross-origin WebSocket hijack vulnerability in Cline Kanban servers. At time of publication, there are no publicly available patches.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-03 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
cline cline Affected: <= 2.13.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-35589 (GCVE-0-2026-35589)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-14 22:47 – Updated: 2026-04-15 16:14
VLAI
Title
nanobot: Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking in WhatsApp Bridge (CVE-2026-2577 Fix Update)
Summary
nanobot is a personal AI assistant. Versions prior to 0.1.5 contain a Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) vulnerability exists in the bridge's WebSocket server in bridge/src/server.ts, resulting from an incomplete remediation of CVE-2026-2577. The original fix changed the binding from 0.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.1 and added an optional BRIDGE_TOKEN parameter, but token authentication is disabled by default and the server does not validate the Origin header during the WebSocket handshake. Because browsers do not enforce the Same-Origin Policy on WebSockets unless the server explicitly denies cross-origin connections, any website visited by a user running the bridge can establish a WebSocket connection to ws://127.0.0.1:3001/ and gain full access to the bridge API. This allows an attacker to hijack the WhatsApp session, read incoming messages, steal authentication QR codes, and send messages on behalf of the user. This issue has bee fixed in version 0.1.5.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-15 16:06 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
HKUDS nanobot Affected: < 0.1.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-34403 (GCVE-0-2026-34403)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-20 20:16 – Updated: 2026-04-21 13:36
VLAI
Title
Nginx-UI vulnerable to Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) via missing origin validation on all WebSocket endpoints
Summary
Nginx UI is a web user interface for the Nginx web server. Prior to version 2.3.5, all WebSocket endpoints in nginx-ui use a gorilla/websocket Upgrader with CheckOrigin unconditionally returning true, allowing Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH). Combined with the fact that authentication tokens are stored in browser cookies (set via JavaScript without HttpOnly or explicit SameSite attributes), a malicious webpage can establish authenticated WebSocket connections to the nginx-ui instance when a logged-in administrator visits the attacker-controlled page. Version 2.3.5 patches the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-21 13:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
0xJacky nginx-ui Affected: < 2.3.5
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-27977 (GCVE-0-2026-27977)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-17 23:56 – Updated: 2026-03-18 19:56
VLAI
Title
Next.js: null origin can bypass dev HMR websocket CSRF checks
Summary
Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. Starting in version 16.0.1 and prior to version 16.1.7, in `next dev`, cross-site protection for internal websocket endpoints could treat `Origin: null` as a bypass case even if `allowedDevOrigins` is configured, allowing privacy-sensitive/opaque contexts (for example sandboxed documents) to connect unexpectedly. If a dev server is reachable from attacker-controlled content, an attacker may be able to connect to the HMR websocket channel and interact with dev websocket traffic. This affects development mode only. Apps without a configured `allowedDevOrigins` still allow connections from any origin. The issue is fixed in version 16.1.7 by validating `Origin: null` through the same cross-site origin-allowance checks used for other origins. If upgrading is not immediately possible, do not expose `next dev` to untrusted networks and/or block websocket upgrades to `/_next/webpack-hmr` when `Origin` is `null` at the proxy.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-18 19:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vercel next.js Affected: >= 16.0.1, < 16.1.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-22689 (GCVE-0-2026-22689)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-10 05:46 – Updated: 2026-01-12 16:47
VLAI
Title
Mailpit is vulnerable to Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) allowing unauthenticated access to emails
Summary
Mailpit is an email testing tool and API for developers. Prior to version 1.28.2, the Mailpit WebSocket server is configured to accept connections from any origin. This lack of Origin header validation introduces a Cross-Site WebSocket Hijacking (CSWSH) vulnerability. An attacker can host a malicious website that, when visited by a developer running Mailpit locally, establishes a WebSocket connection to the victim's Mailpit instance (default ws://localhost:8025). This allows the attacker to intercept sensitive data such as email contents, headers, and server statistics in real-time. This issue has been patched in version 1.28.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-12 16:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
axllent mailpit Affected: < 1.28.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-21883 (GCVE-0-2026-21883)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-08 01:20 – Updated: 2026-01-23 15:09
VLAI
Title
Bokeh server applications have Incomplete Origin Validation in WebSockets
Summary
Bokeh is an interactive visualization library written in Python. In versions 3.8.1 and below, if a server is configured with an allowlist (e.g., dashboard.corp), an attacker can register a domain like dashboard.corp.attacker.com (or use a subdomain if applicable) and lure a victim to visit it. The malicious site can then initiate a WebSocket connection to the vulnerable Bokeh server. Since the Origin header (e.g., http://dashboard.corp.attacker.com/) matches the allowlist according to the flawed logic, the connection is accepted. Once connected, the attacker can interact with the Bokeh server on behalf of the victim, potentially accessing sensitive data, or modifying visualizations. This issue is fixed in version 3.8.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-08 16:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7670 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bokeh bokeh Affected: < 3.8.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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          "name": "https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/security/advisories/GHSA-793v-589g-574v",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/security/advisories/GHSA-793v-589g-574v"
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CVE-2026-18251 (GCVE-0-2026-18251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-14 19:38 – Updated: 2026-09-14 20:07
VLAI
Title
IBM i is Affected By Multiple Vulnerabilities in Navigator for i and Digital Certificate Manager for i.
Summary
IBM i 7.6, 7.5, 7.4, and 7.3 could allow a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information due to improper validation of the WebSocket origin.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-14 20:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing Origin Validation in WebSockets
Assigner
ibm CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 88/100 over 1242 records in the last 180 days details
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286974 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM i Affected: 7.6
Affected: 7.5
Affected: 7.4
Affected: 7.3
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:i:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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        }
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CVE-2026-15580 (GCVE-0-2026-15580)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 14:00 – Updated: 2026-08-21 15:07
VLAI
Title
PassPortal browser extension: vault token disclosure via unvalidated postMessage
Summary
vault token disclosure via unvalidated postMessage vulnerability in N-able PassPortal allows Authentication Abuse. This issue affects the PassPortal browser extension: before 3.49.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 15:07 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-1385 - Missing origin validation in WebSockets
Assigner
N-able CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard – unranked: 6 records in the last 180 days, 10 needed details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
N-able PassPortal Affected: 0 , < 3.49.6 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-21 13:56
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Implementation

Enable CORS-like access restrictions by verifying the 'Origin' header during the WebSocket handshake.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a randomized CSRF token to verify requests.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use TLS to securely communicate using 'wss' (WebSocket Secure) instead of 'ws'.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Require user authentication prior to the WebSocket connection being established. For example, the WS library in Node has a 'verifyClient' function.

Mitigation
Implementation

Leverage rate limiting to prevent against DoS. Use of the leaky bucket algorithm can help with this.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a library that provides restriction of the payload size. For example, WS library for Node includes 'maxPayloadoption' that can be set.

Mitigation
Implementation

Treat data/input as untrusted in both directions and apply the same data/input sanitization as XSS, SQLi, etc.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.