Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1336
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.
313 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-9558 (GCVE-0-2026-9558)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-29 10:01 – Updated: 2026-05-29 10:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) vulnerability exists in Mautic's theme engine. The platform renders uploaded Twig templates without a sandbox or strict function restrictions. Authenticated users with permissions to create or upload themes can abuse this to execute arbitrary code on the hosting server (Remote Code Execution) or access restricted system files and configuration settings.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-9498 (GCVE-0-2026-9498)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-25 20:00 – Updated: 2026-05-28 15:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dromara lamp-cloud Message Template GroovyClassLoader.parseClass special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Dromara lamp-cloud up to 5.6.2. Impacted is the function GroovyClassLoader.parseClass of the component Message Template Handler. Such manipulation of the argument DefMsgTemplate.content leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/365481 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/365481/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/814103 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Ku4D3/bug_story/blob/main/repo… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dromara | lamp-cloud |
Affected:
5.6.0
Affected: 5.6.1 Affected: 5.6.2 cpe:2.3:a:dromara:lamp-cloud:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2026-8740 (GCVE-0-2026-8740)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-17 08:00 – Updated: 2026-05-18 12:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sanluan PublicCMS templateResult API TemplateResultDirective.java execute special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A flaw has been found in Sanluan PublicCMS 5.202506.d. The impacted element is the function execute of the file publiccms-core/src/main/java/com/publiccms/views/directive/tools/TemplateResultDirective.java of the component templateResult API. This manipulation of the argument templateContent causes improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/364328 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/364328/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/809932 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vulnplus-note.wetolink.com/share/ILcCnOvJ1fMc | exploit |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-6984 (GCVE-0-2026-6984)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-25 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-27 17:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AstrBotDevs AstrBot Dashboard API t2i.py create_template special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in AstrBotDevs AstrBot up to 4.22.1. This affects the function create_template of the file astrbot/dashboard/routes/t2i.py of the component Dashboard API. The manipulation results in improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/359527 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/359527/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/796164 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/AstrBotDevs/AstrBot/issues/7330 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/AstrBotDevs/AstrBot/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AstrBotDevs | AstrBot |
Affected:
4.22.0
Affected: 4.22.1 cpe:2.3:a:astrbot:astrbot:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-5987 (GCVE-0-2026-5987)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 22:45 – Updated: 2026-04-10 13:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sanluan PublicCMS FreeMarker Template AbstractFreemarkerView.java AbstractFreemarkerView.doRender special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Sanluan PublicCMS up to 6.202506.d. This affects the function AbstractFreemarkerView.doRender of the file publiccms-parent/publiccms-core/src/main/java/com/publiccms/common/base/AbstractFreemarkerView.java of the component FreeMarker Template Handler. Such manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/356541 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/356541/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/792385 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/sanluan/PublicCMS/issues/113 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/sanluan/PublicCMS/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-5559 (GCVE-0-2026-5559)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-05 10:15 – Updated: 2026-04-06 16:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
AntaresMugisho PyBlade AST Validation sandbox.py _is_safe_ast special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in AntaresMugisho PyBlade 0.1.8-alpha/0.1.9-alpha. The affected element is the function _is_safe_ast of the file sandbox.py of the component AST Validation. Such manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/355329 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/355329/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/782904 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/AntaresMugisho/PyBlade/issues/1 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/AntaresMugisho/PyBlade/issues/… | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/AntaresMugisho/PyBlade/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AntaresMugisho | PyBlade |
Affected:
0.1.8-alpha
Affected: 0.1.9-alpha |
Credits
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CVE-2026-3725 (GCVE-0-2026-3725)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-08 09:02 – Updated: 2026-03-11 15:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
1024-lab/lab1024 SmartAdmin FreeMarker Template MailService.java freemarkerResolverContent special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A flaw has been found in 1024-lab/lab1024 SmartAdmin up to 3.29. Affected by this issue is the function freemarkerResolverContent of the file sa-base/src/main/java/net/lab1024/sa/base/module/support/mail/MailService.java of the component FreeMarker Template Handler. Executing a manipulation of the argument template_content can lead to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.349703 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.349703 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.766459 | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.notion.so/SmartAdmin-Server-Side-Temp… | exploit |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1024-lab | SmartAdmin |
Affected:
3.0
Affected: 3.1 Affected: 3.2 Affected: 3.3 Affected: 3.4 Affected: 3.5 Affected: 3.6 Affected: 3.7 Affected: 3.8 Affected: 3.9 Affected: 3.10 Affected: 3.11 Affected: 3.12 Affected: 3.13 Affected: 3.14 Affected: 3.15 Affected: 3.16 Affected: 3.17 Affected: 3.18 Affected: 3.19 Affected: 3.20 Affected: 3.21 Affected: 3.22 Affected: 3.23 Affected: 3.24 Affected: 3.25 Affected: 3.26 Affected: 3.27 Affected: 3.28 Affected: 3.29 |
|
| lab1024 | SmartAdmin |
Affected:
3.0
Affected: 3.1 Affected: 3.2 Affected: 3.3 Affected: 3.4 Affected: 3.5 Affected: 3.6 Affected: 3.7 Affected: 3.8 Affected: 3.9 Affected: 3.10 Affected: 3.11 Affected: 3.12 Affected: 3.13 Affected: 3.14 Affected: 3.15 Affected: 3.16 Affected: 3.17 Affected: 3.18 Affected: 3.19 Affected: 3.20 Affected: 3.21 Affected: 3.22 Affected: 3.23 Affected: 3.24 Affected: 3.25 Affected: 3.26 Affected: 3.27 Affected: 3.28 Affected: 3.29 |
Credits
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CVE-2026-3714 (GCVE-0-2026-3714)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-08 06:32 – Updated: 2026-03-11 13:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenCart Incomplete Fix CVE-2024-36694 template.php save special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in OpenCart 4.0.2.3. Affected by this issue is the function Save of the file admin/controller/design/template.php of the component Incomplete Fix CVE-2024-36694. Such manipulation leads to improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. The attack may be performed from remote. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.349659 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.349659 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.765176 | third-party-advisory |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1_ZCvICLKo8AOovDk… | broken-link |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-2969 (GCVE-0-2026-2969)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-23 03:32 – Updated: 2026-02-23 17:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
datapizza-labs datapizza-ai Jinja2 Template prompt.py ChatPromptTemplate special elements used in a template engine
Summary
A flaw has been found in datapizza-labs datapizza-ai 0.0.2. Affected is the function ChatPromptTemplate of the file datapizza-ai-core/datapizza/modules/prompt/prompt.py of the component Jinja2 Template Handler. This manipulation of the argument Prompt causes improper neutralization of special elements used in a template engine. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.347336 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.347336 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.755357 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/hacktivesec/datapizza-ai-discl… | related |
| https://github.com/hacktivesec/datapizza-ai-discl… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| datapizza-labs | datapizza-ai |
Affected:
0.0.2
|
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CVE-2026-1868 (GCVE-0-2026-1868)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-09 06:33 – Updated: 2026-02-09 15:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine in GitLab AI Gateway
Summary
GitLab has remediated a vulnerability in the Duo Workflow Service component of GitLab AI Gateway affecting all versions of the AI Gateway from 18.1.6, 18.2.6, 18.3.1 to 18.6.1, 18.7.0, and 18.8.0 in which AI Gateway was vulnerable to insecure template expansion of user supplied data via crafted Duo Agent Platform Flow definitions. This vulnerability could be used to cause Denial of Service or gain code execution on the Gateway. This has been fixed in versions 18.6.2, 18.7.1, and 18.8.1 of the GitLab AI Gateway.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-1336 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GitLab | GitLab AI Gateway |
Affected:
18.1.6 , < 18.6.2
(semver)
Affected: 18.7.0 , < 18.7.1 (semver) Affected: 18.8.0 , < 18.8.1 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:ai-gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-1868",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-02-09T15:46:36.826269Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-09T15:46:45.991Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"cpes": [
"cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:ai-gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
],
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "GitLab AI Gateway",
"vendor": "GitLab",
"versions": [
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"status": "affected",
"version": "18.1.6",
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},
{
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"status": "affected",
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{
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}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "This vulnerability has been discovered internally by GitLab team member Joern Schneeweisz"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GitLab has remediated a vulnerability in the Duo Workflow Service component of GitLab AI Gateway affecting all versions of the AI Gateway from 18.1.6, 18.2.6, 18.3.1 to 18.6.1, 18.7.0, and 18.8.0 in which AI Gateway was vulnerable to insecure template expansion of user supplied data via crafted Duo Agent Platform Flow definitions. This vulnerability could be used to cause Denial of Service or gain code execution on the Gateway. This has been fixed in versions 18.6.2, 18.7.1, and 18.8.1 of the GitLab AI Gateway."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 9.9,
"baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
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"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-1336",
"description": "CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-09T06:33:11.812Z",
"orgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"shortName": "GitLab"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/modelops/applied-ml/code-suggestions/ai-assist/-/work_items/1850"
},
{
"url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2026/02/06/patch-release-gitlab-ai-gateway-18-8-1-released/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Upgrade self-hosted GitLab AI Gateway to version 18.6.2, 18.7.1, 18.8.1 or above."
}
],
"title": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine in GitLab AI Gateway"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "ceab7361-8a18-47b1-92ba-4d7d25f6715a",
"assignerShortName": "GitLab",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-1868",
"datePublished": "2026-02-09T06:33:11.812Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-03T22:33:13.212Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-09T15:46:45.991Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Choose a template engine that offers a sandbox or restricted mode, or at least limits the power of any available expressions, function calls, or commands.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use the template engine's sandbox or restricted mode, if available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.