Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11292 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MVG5-QJM5-HG7R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:14
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in Exempi through 2.4.4. XMPFiles/source/FileHandlers/TIFF_Handler.cpp mishandles a case of a zero length, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read in the MD5Update() function in third-party/zuid/interfaces/MD5.cpp.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-7728"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-06T18:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Exempi through 2.4.4. XMPFiles/source/FileHandlers/TIFF_Handler.cpp mishandles a case of a zero length, leading to a heap-based buffer over-read in the MD5Update() function in third-party/zuid/interfaces/MD5.cpp.",
"id": "GHSA-mvg5-qjm5-hg7r",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:14:06Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-7728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=105205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cgit.freedesktop.org/exempi/commit/?id=e163667a06a9b656a047b0ec660b871f29a83c9f"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/03/msg00013.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/BCFXKOOATZ2B5G3G7EBXZWVZHEABN4ZV"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3668-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVG8-P67F-RHXR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-30 18:30 – Updated: 2023-11-06 18:30
VLAI
Details
In Composer, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21308"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-30T17:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Composer, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-mvg8-p67f-rhxr",
"modified": "2023-11-06T18:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-10-30T18:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21308"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/docs/security/bulletin/android-14"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVG9-XFFR-P774
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-03-29 16:35 – Updated: 2024-10-09 21:06
VLAI
Summary
Out of bounds read in Pillow
Details
An issue was discovered in Pillow before 8.2.0. In TiffDecode.c, there is an out-of-bounds read in TiffreadRGBATile via invalid tile boundaries.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pillow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.2.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-25291"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-03-22T22:05:25Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-03-19T04:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Pillow before 8.2.0. In `TiffDecode.c`, there is an out-of-bounds read in `TiffreadRGBATile` via invalid tile boundaries.",
"id": "GHSA-mvg9-xffr-p774",
"modified": "2024-10-09T21:06:27Z",
"published": "2021-03-29T16:35:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/8b8076bdcb3815be0ef0d279651d8d1342b8ea61"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/cbdce6c5d054fccaf4af34b47f212355c64ace7a"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-mvg9-xffr-p774"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pillow/PYSEC-2021-37.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/releasenotes/8.1.1.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202107-33"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Out of bounds read in Pillow"
}
GHSA-MVGC-RXVG-HQC6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-04 18:30
VLAI
Details
There is a buffer over-read in Ruby before 2.6.10, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, 3.x before 3.0.4, and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in String-to-Float conversion, including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-28739"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-09T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "There is a buffer over-read in Ruby before 2.6.10, 2.7.x before 2.7.6, 3.x before 3.0.4, and 3.1.x before 3.1.2. It occurs in String-to-Float conversion, including Kernel#Float and String#to_f.",
"id": "GHSA-mvgc-rxvg-hqc6",
"modified": "2025-11-04T18:30:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-10T00:00:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-28739"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/1248108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/06/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00000.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2022-28739"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202401-27"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20220624-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213493"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213494"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2022/04/12/buffer-overrun-in-string-to-float-cve-2022-28739"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/30"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/42"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVJ7-26C8-JMVG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:37 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:37
VLAI
Details
SIMDComp before 0.1.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) because it can read (and then discard) extra bytes. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2018-17427.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17854"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-01T08:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SIMDComp before 0.1.1 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) because it can read (and then discard) extra bytes. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2018-17427.",
"id": "GHSA-mvj7-26c8-jmvg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:37:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:37:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17854"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lemire/simdcomp/issues/21"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVJ7-WJQ6-C7MJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-14 12:31 – Updated: 2025-10-14 15:31
VLAI
Details
In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00418894; Issue ID: MSV-3475.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-20724"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-14T10:15:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In wlan AP driver, there is a possible out of bounds read due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: WCNCR00418894; Issue ID: MSV-3475.",
"id": "GHSA-mvj7-wjq6-c7mj",
"modified": "2025-10-14T15:31:25Z",
"published": "2025-10-14T12:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-20724"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://corp.mediatek.com/product-security-bulletin/October-2025"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVJQ-6GV7-MH5X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-14 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-15 18:31
VLAI
Details
A segmentation fault in NanoMQ v0.21.10 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted messages.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42646"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-14T17:15:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A segmentation fault in NanoMQ v0.21.10 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via crafted messages.",
"id": "GHSA-mvjq-6gv7-mh5x",
"modified": "2025-07-15T18:31:25Z",
"published": "2025-07-14T18:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/songxpu/bug_report/blob/master/MQTT/NanoMQ/CVE-2024-42646.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVP9-8H5M-5PW3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:48 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:04
VLAI
Details
Incorrect handling of object lifetimes in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 67.0.3396.62 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-6130"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-06-27T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Incorrect handling of object lifetimes in WebRTC in Google Chrome prior to 67.0.3396.62 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform out of bounds memory access via a crafted HTML page.",
"id": "GHSA-mvp9-8h5m-5pw3",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:04:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:48:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-6130"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2018/05/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_58.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/838402"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVPQ-GG57-P98V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:03 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:50
VLAI
Details
In GIMP 2.8.22, there is a heap-based buffer over-read in load_image in plug-ins/common/file-gbr.c in the gbr import parser, related to mishandling of UTF-8 data.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-17784"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-12-20T09:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In GIMP 2.8.22, there is a heap-based buffer over-read in load_image in plug-ins/common/file-gbr.c in the gbr import parser, related to mishandling of UTF-8 data.",
"id": "GHSA-mvpq-gg57-p98v",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:50:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:03:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-17784"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.gnome.org/show_bug.cgi?id=790784"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2017/12/msg00023.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3539-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-4077"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/12/19/5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/102899"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MVQJ-F594-HM8W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:49
VLAI
Details
In DynamicRefTable::load of ResourceTypes.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android Versions: Android-6.0 Android-6.0.1 Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android ID: A-79488511.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-9451"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-06T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In DynamicRefTable::load of ResourceTypes.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android Versions: Android-6.0 Android-6.0.1 Android-7.0 Android-7.1.1 Android-7.1.2 Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android ID: A-79488511.",
"id": "GHSA-mvqj-f594-hm8w",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:49:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:49:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9451"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-08-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041432"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.