Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11365 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-J6RF-4H73-953X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-04-16 00:01
VLAI
Details
Out-of-bounds read in r_bin_ne_get_relocs function in GitHub repository radareorg/radare2 prior to 5.6.8. This vulnerability may allow attackers to read sensitive information or cause a crash.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-11T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in `r_bin_ne_get_relocs` function in GitHub repository radareorg/radare2 prior to 5.6.8. This vulnerability may allow attackers to read sensitive information or cause a crash.",
"id": "GHSA-j6rf-4h73-953x",
"modified": "2022-04-16T00:01:12Z",
"published": "2022-04-12T00:00:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/radareorg/radare2/commit/153bcdc29f11cd8c90e7d639a7405450f644ddb6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/52b57274-0e1a-4d61-ab29-1373b555fea0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J6WX-WMHJ-CFFC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:22 – Updated: 2023-01-30 18:30
VLAI
Details
Due to confusion processing a hyphen character in Date.parse(), a one-byte out of bounds read could have occurred, leading to potential information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 78.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-12425"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-07-09T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to confusion processing a hyphen character in Date.parse(), a one-byte out of bounds read could have occurred, leading to potential information disclosure. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 78.",
"id": "GHSA-j6wx-wmhj-cffc",
"modified": "2023-01-30T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:22:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12425"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1634738"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202007-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2020-24"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00027.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-07/msg00049.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J73X-86WX-JCMG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:53 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:53
VLAI
Details
The JPXStream::inverseTransformLevel function in JPXStream.cc in xpdf 4.00 allows attackers to launch denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a specific pdf file, as demonstrated by pdftohtml.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8101"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-14T03:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The JPXStream::inverseTransformLevel function in JPXStream.cc in xpdf 4.00 allows attackers to launch denial of service (heap-based buffer over-read and application crash) via a specific pdf file, as demonstrated by pdftohtml.",
"id": "GHSA-j73x-86wx-jcmg",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:53:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:53:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8101"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://forum.xpdfreader.com/viewtopic.php?f=3\u0026t=652"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J76P-CMP2-VXJ3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-19 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:48
VLAI
Details
Santesoft Sante FFT Imaging lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing DICOM files. This could lead to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5059"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-19T18:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "\n\n\n\n\nSantesoft Sante FFT Imaging lacks proper validation of user-supplied data when parsing DICOM files. This could lead to an out-of-bounds read. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process.",
"id": "GHSA-j76p-cmp2-vxj3",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:48:42Z",
"published": "2023-10-19T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5059"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-medical-advisories/icsma-23-285-02"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J773-5H44-W4H6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:12 – Updated: 2025-11-04 00:30
VLAI
Details
Segmentation fault vulnerability in SQLite sqlite3 3.36.0 via the idxGetTableInfo function, in which a crafted SQL query can cause a denial of service
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-36690"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-08-24T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Segmentation fault vulnerability in SQLite sqlite3 3.36.0 via the idxGetTableInfo function, in which a crafted SQL query can cause a denial of service",
"id": "GHSA-j773-5h44-w4h6",
"modified": "2025-11-04T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:12:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-36690"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/09/msg00050.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213486"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213487"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT213488"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/718c0a8d17"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/28"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Oct/49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://sqlite.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J776-F4RC-FMMX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-18 12:30 – Updated: 2025-11-14 21:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
clk: bcm: rpi: Prevent out-of-bounds access
The while loop in raspberrypi_discover_clocks() relies on the assumption that the id of the last clock element is zero. Because this data comes from the Videocore firmware and it doesn't guarantuee such a behavior this could lead to out-of-bounds access. So fix this by providing a sentinel element.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-49946"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-18T11:15:21Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclk: bcm: rpi: Prevent out-of-bounds access\n\nThe while loop in raspberrypi_discover_clocks() relies on the assumption\nthat the id of the last clock element is zero. Because this data comes\nfrom the Videocore firmware and it doesn\u0027t guarantuee such a behavior\nthis could lead to out-of-bounds access. So fix this by providing\na sentinel element.",
"id": "GHSA-j776-f4rc-fmmx",
"modified": "2025-11-14T21:30:27Z",
"published": "2025-06-18T12:30:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49946"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bc163555603e4ae9c817675ad80d618a4cdbfa2d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c8b04b731d43366824841ebdca4ac715f95e0ea4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcae47b2d23c81603b01f56cf8db63ed64599d34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff0b144d4b0a9fbd6efe4d2c0a4b6c9bae2138d2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J784-PQCW-WMR3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-13 09:30 – Updated: 2024-09-13 09:30
VLAI
Details
Media Encoder versions 24.5, 23.6.8 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-41872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-13T07:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Media Encoder versions 24.5, 23.6.8 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-j784-pqcw-wmr3",
"modified": "2024-09-13T09:30:32Z",
"published": "2024-09-13T09:30:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-41872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/media-encoder/apsb24-53.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J7G7-R7RP-9V45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-02 21:30 – Updated: 2025-09-02 21:30
VLAI
Details
Realtek RTL8811AU rtwlanu.sys N6CQueryInformationHandleCustomized11nOids Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Realtek RTL8811AU drivers. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the N6CQueryInformationHandleCustomized11nOids function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-25864.
Severity
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-8298"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-02T20:15:38Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Realtek RTL8811AU rtwlanu.sys N6CQueryInformationHandleCustomized11nOids Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Realtek RTL8811AU drivers. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the N6CQueryInformationHandleCustomized11nOids function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the kernel. Was ZDI-CAN-25864.",
"id": "GHSA-j7g7-r7rp-9v45",
"modified": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
"published": "2025-09-02T21:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8298"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-881"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J7G9-FCW9-WXCF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-11 00:00 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:30
VLAI
Details
An attacker who submits a crafted tar file with size in header struct being 0 may be able to trigger an calling of malloc(0) for a variable gnu_longlink, causing an out-of-bounds read.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33643"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-10T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An attacker who submits a crafted tar file with size in header struct being 0 may be able to trigger an calling of malloc(0) for a variable gnu_longlink, causing an out-of-bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-j7g9-fcw9-wxcf",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:30:42Z",
"published": "2022-08-11T00:00:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33643"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00026.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4S4PJRCJLEAWN2EKXGLSOBTL7O57V7NC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5YSHZY753R7XW6CIKJVAWI373WW3YRRJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7Q26QDNOJDOFYWMJWEIK5XR62M2FF6IJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7WX5YE66CT7Y5C2HTHXSFDKQWYWYWJ2T"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OD4HEBSTI22FNYKOKK7W3X6ZQE6FV3XC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/4S4PJRCJLEAWN2EKXGLSOBTL7O57V7NC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/5YSHZY753R7XW6CIKJVAWI373WW3YRRJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7Q26QDNOJDOFYWMJWEIK5XR62M2FF6IJ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7WX5YE66CT7Y5C2HTHXSFDKQWYWYWJ2T"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/OD4HEBSTI22FNYKOKK7W3X6ZQE6FV3XC"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openeuler.org/en/security/safety-bulletin/detail.html?id=openEuler-SA-2022-1807"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J7HM-P94X-Q9PW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-03 12:30 – Updated: 2024-02-01 03:30
VLAI
Details
An issue was discovered in bgpd in FRRouting (FRR) through 8.4. By crafting a BGP OPEN message with an option of type 0xff (Extended Length from RFC 9072), attackers may cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon restart, or out-of-bounds read). This is possible because of inconsistent boundary checks that do not account for reading 3 bytes (instead of 2) in this 0xff case.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40302"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-03T12:16:27Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in bgpd in FRRouting (FRR) through 8.4. By crafting a BGP OPEN message with an option of type 0xff (Extended Length from RFC 9072), attackers may cause a denial of service (assertion failure and daemon restart, or out-of-bounds read). This is possible because of inconsistent boundary checks that do not account for reading 3 bytes (instead of 2) in this 0xff case.",
"id": "GHSA-j7hm-p94x-q9pw",
"modified": "2024-02-01T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2023-05-03T12:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FRRouting/frr/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/09/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5495"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.