Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11369 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HW2C-7W6F-7V7F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:06 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:06
VLAI
Details
A flaw was found in djvulibre-3.5.28 and earlier. An out of bounds read in function DJVU::DataPool::has_data() via crafted djvu file may lead to application crash and other consequences.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-32492"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-24T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in djvulibre-3.5.28 and earlier. An out of bounds read in function DJVU::DataPool::has_data() via crafted djvu file may lead to application crash and other consequences.",
"id": "GHSA-hw2c-7w6f-7v7f",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:06:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:06:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1943686"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5032"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HW4P-M7J2-X55F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-23 00:30
VLAI
Details
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
md/raid1: Fix stack memory use after return in raid1_reshape
In the raid1_reshape function, newpool is allocated on the stack and assigned to conf->r1bio_pool. This results in conf->r1bio_pool.wait.head pointing to a stack address. Accessing this address later can lead to a kernel panic.
Example access path:
raid1_reshape() { // newpool is on the stack mempool_t newpool, oldpool; // initialize newpool.wait.head to stack address mempool_init(&newpool, ...); conf->r1bio_pool = newpool; }
raid1_read_request() or raid1_write_request() { alloc_r1bio() { mempool_alloc() { // if pool->alloc fails remove_element() { --pool->curr_nr; } } } }
mempool_free() { if (pool->curr_nr < pool->min_nr) { // pool->wait.head is a stack address // wake_up() will try to access this invalid address // which leads to a kernel panic return; wake_up(&pool->wait); } }
Fix: reinit conf->r1bio_pool.wait after assigning newpool.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-38445"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T16:15:29Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmd/raid1: Fix stack memory use after return in raid1_reshape\n\nIn the raid1_reshape function, newpool is\nallocated on the stack and assigned to conf-\u003er1bio_pool.\nThis results in conf-\u003er1bio_pool.wait.head pointing\nto a stack address.\nAccessing this address later can lead to a kernel panic.\n\nExample access path:\n\nraid1_reshape()\n{\n\t// newpool is on the stack\n\tmempool_t newpool, oldpool;\n\t// initialize newpool.wait.head to stack address\n\tmempool_init(\u0026newpool, ...);\n\tconf-\u003er1bio_pool = newpool;\n}\n\nraid1_read_request() or raid1_write_request()\n{\n\talloc_r1bio()\n\t{\n\t\tmempool_alloc()\n\t\t{\n\t\t\t// if pool-\u003ealloc fails\n\t\t\tremove_element()\n\t\t\t{\n\t\t\t\t--pool-\u003ecurr_nr;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t}\n\t}\n}\n\nmempool_free()\n{\n\tif (pool-\u003ecurr_nr \u003c pool-\u003emin_nr) {\n\t\t// pool-\u003ewait.head is a stack address\n\t\t// wake_up() will try to access this invalid address\n\t\t// which leads to a kernel panic\n\t\treturn;\n\t\twake_up(\u0026pool-\u003ewait);\n\t}\n}\n\nFix:\nreinit conf-\u003er1bio_pool.wait after assigning newpool.",
"id": "GHSA-hw4p-m7j2-x55f",
"modified": "2025-12-23T00:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-07-25T18:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/12b00ec99624f8da8c325f2dd6e807df26df0025"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48da050b4f54ed639b66278d0ae6f4107b2c4e2d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f35e48b76655e45522df338876dfef88dafcc71"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/61fd5e93006cf82ec8ee5c115ab5cf4bbd104bdb"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/776e6186dc9ecbdb8a1b706e989166c8a99bbf64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d67ed2ccd2d1dcfda9292c0ea8697a9d0f2f0d98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d8a6853d00fbaa810765c8ed2f452a5832273968"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/df5894014a92ff0196dbc212a7764e97366fd2b7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HW6M-WV94-75F9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-05-03 03:30
VLAI
Details
PDF-XChange Editor TIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of TIF files. Crafted data in a TIF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19658.
Severity
7.8 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-03T03:15:17Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor TIF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of TIF files. Crafted data in a TIF file can trigger a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-19658.",
"id": "GHSA-hw6m-wv94-75f9",
"modified": "2024-05-03T03:30:57Z",
"published": "2024-05-03T03:30:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-1129"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HW74-5R29-J3HM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-15 15:30 – Updated: 2024-02-15 18:30
VLAI
Details
Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-20747"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-15T13:15:48Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Acrobat Reader versions 20.005.30539, 23.008.20470 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-hw74-5r29-j3hm",
"modified": "2024-02-15T18:30:41Z",
"published": "2024-02-15T15:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-20747"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb24-07.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2023-1908"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HW7C-3RFG-P46J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-14 23:01 – Updated: 2024-05-20 21:49
VLAI
Summary
google.golang.org/protobuf vulnerable to panic leading to denial of service
Details
Parsing invalid messages can panic.
Parsing a text-format message which contains a potential number consisting of a minus sign, one or more characters of whitespace, and no further input will cause a panic.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "google.golang.org/protobuf"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.29.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.29.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-24535"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-03-14T23:01:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-06-08T21:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Parsing invalid messages can panic.\n\nParsing a text-format message which contains a potential number consisting of a minus sign, one or more characters of whitespace, and no further input will cause a panic.",
"id": "GHSA-hw7c-3rfg-p46j",
"modified": "2024-05-20T21:49:39Z",
"published": "2023-03-14T23:01:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-24535"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/golang/protobuf/issues/1530"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/golang/protobuf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://go.dev/cl/475995"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2023-1631"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "google.golang.org/protobuf vulnerable to panic leading to denial of service"
}
GHSA-HW7V-8WMV-M3MP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-18 00:01
VLAI
Details
In nfaHciCallback of HciEventManager.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure over NFC with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-181346545
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0996"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In nfaHciCallback of HciEventManager.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure over NFC with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-181346545",
"id": "GHSA-hw7v-8wmv-m3mp",
"modified": "2021-12-18T00:01:19Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:01:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-12-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HW8W-V2VR-WP7M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:53 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:39
VLAI
Details
Artifex MuPDF before 1.16.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in fz_chartorune in fitz/string.c because pdf/pdf-op-filter.c does not check for a missing string.
Severity
7.1 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-14975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-08-14T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Artifex MuPDF before 1.16.0 has a heap-based buffer over-read in fz_chartorune in fitz/string.c because pdf/pdf-op-filter.c does not check for a missing string.",
"id": "GHSA-hw8w-v2vr-wp7m",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:39:38Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:53:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.ghostscript.com/show_bug.cgi?id=701292"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.ghostscript.com/?p=mupdf.git%3Ba=commit%3Bh=97096297d409ec6f206298444ba00719607e8ba8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://git.ghostscript.com/?p=mupdf.git;a=commit;h=97096297d409ec6f206298444ba00719607e8ba8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWF3-R46V-5GGX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-24 14:29 – Updated: 2026-07-24 14:29
VLAI
Summary
ImageMagick: Information Disclosure when printing profiles with debug enabled
Details
When a profile is displayed with the identify command and the value is not printable a single byte at the end of the profile can be printed.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-AnyCPU"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-OpenMP-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q8-x86"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Magick.NET-Q16-HDRI-arm64"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "14.15.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-193"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-24T14:29:42Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "When a profile is displayed with the identify command and the value is not printable a single byte at the end of the profile can be printed.",
"id": "GHSA-hwf3-r46v-5ggx",
"modified": "2026-07-24T14:29:43Z",
"published": "2026-07-24T14:29:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-hwf3-r46v-5ggx"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.15.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "ImageMagick: Information Disclosure when printing profiles with debug enabled"
}
GHSA-HWF6-PHVM-PGV8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:49 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:49
VLAI
Details
The setByteArray function in tif_dir.c in libtiff 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted tiff image.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5322"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-04-11T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The setByteArray function in tif_dir.c in libtiff 4.0.6 and earlier allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read) via a crafted tiff image.",
"id": "GHSA-hwf6-phvm-pgv8",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:49:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:49:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5322"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1346694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201701-16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2017/dsa-3762"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/15/2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91204"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91205"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HWFP-94F2-M6RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 18:31 – Updated: 2025-02-11 18:31
VLAI
Details
Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Denial of Service Vulnerability
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-21212"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T18:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Internet Connection Sharing (ICS) Denial of Service Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-hwfp-94f2-m6rh",
"modified": "2025-02-11T18:31:37Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T18:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21212"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21212"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.