Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11885 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-34971 (GCVE-0-2026-34971)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 18:45 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wasmtime miscompiled guest heap access enables sandbox escape on aarch64 Cranelift
Summary
Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. From 32.0.0 to before 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1, Wasmtime's Cranelift compilation backend contains a bug on aarch64 when performing a certain shape of heap accesses which means that the wrong address is accessed. When combined with explicit bounds checks a guest WebAssembly module this can create a situation where there are two diverging computations for the same address: one for the address to bounds-check and one for the address to load. This difference in address being operated on means that a guest module can pass a bounds check but then load a different address. Combined together this enables an arbitrary read/write primitive for guest WebAssembly when accesssing host memory. This is a sandbox escape as guests are able to read/write arbitrary host memory. This vulnerability has a few ingredients, all of which must be met, for this situation to occur and bypass the sandbox restrictions. This miscompiled shape of load only occurs on 64-bit WebAssembly linear memories, or when Config::wasm_memory64 is enabled. 32-bit WebAssembly is not affected. Spectre mitigations or signals-based-traps must be disabled. When spectre mitigations are enabled then the offending shape of load is not generated. When signals-based-traps are disabled then spectre mitigations are also automatically disabled. The specific bug in Cranelift is a miscompile of a load of the shape load(iadd(base, ishl(index, amt))) where amt is a constant. The amt value is masked incorrectly to test if it's a certain value, and this incorrect mask means that Cranelift can pattern-match this lowering rule during instruction selection erroneously, diverging from WebAssembly's and Cranelift's semantics. This incorrect lowering would, for example, load an address much further away than intended as the correct address's computation would have wrapped around to a smaller value insetad. This vulnerability is fixed in 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-13 20:16 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-34971 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2457008 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bytecodealliance | wasmtime |
Affected:
>= 32.0.0, < 36.0.7
Affected: >= 37.0.0, < 42.0.2 Affected: >= 43.0.0, < 44.0.1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Connectivity Link 1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:connectivity_link:1
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10
|
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CVE-2026-34961 (GCVE-0-2026-34961)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 21:09 – Updated: 2026-07-18 03:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
barebox ext4 Extent Parsing Out-of-Bounds Read
Summary
barebox prior to version 2026.04.0 contains out-of-bounds read vulnerabilities in ext4 extent parsing due to missing validation of the eh_entries field against buffer capacity in fs/ext4/ext4_common.c. Attackers can supply a malicious ext4 filesystem image via USB, SD card, or network boot to trigger heap out-of-bounds reads during boot-time filesystem parsing, potentially redirecting reads to arbitrary disk offsets.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-12 13:38 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/barebox/barebox | product |
| https://github.com/barebox/barebox/releases/tag/v… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/barebox-ext4… | third-party-advisory |
| https://y637f9qq2x.com/posts/barebox-sandbox-vulns/ | technical-description |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-10 00:00
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CVE-2026-34960 (GCVE-0-2026-34960)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-11 20:49 – Updated: 2026-07-18 03:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
barebox Out-of-Bounds Read in DHCP Option Parsing
Summary
barebox prior to version 2026.04.0 contains an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in DHCP option parsing within the dhcp_message_type() function that fails to verify the options pointer remains within received packet bounds. An attacker on the same broadcast domain can send a crafted DHCP Offer or ACK packet without a proper 0xff end marker to cause the parser to read past valid packet data and potentially crash the system.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-12 13:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/barebox/barebox | product |
| https://github.com/barebox/barebox/releases/tag/v… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/barebox-out-… | third-party-advisory |
| https://y637f9qq2x.com/posts/barebox-sandbox-vulns/ | technical-description |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-05-11 00:00
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CVE-2026-34941 (GCVE-0-2026-34941)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 18:29 – Updated: 2026-04-10 14:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wasmtime has a Heap OOB read in component model UTF-16 to latin1+utf16 string transcoding
Summary
Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. Prior to 24.0.7, 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1, Wasmtime contains a vulnerability where when transcoding a UTF-16 string to the latin1+utf16 component-model encoding it would incorrectly validate the byte length of the input string when performing a bounds check. Specifically the number of code units were checked instead of the byte length, which is twice the size of the code units. This vulnerability can cause the host to read beyond the end of a WebAssembly's linear memory in an attempt to transcode nonexistent bytes. In Wasmtime's default configuration this will read unmapped memory on a guard page, terminating the process with a segfault. Wasmtime can be configured, however, without guard pages which would mean that host memory beyond the end of linear memory may be read and interpreted as UTF-16. A host segfault is a denial-of-service vulnerability in Wasmtime, and possibly being able to read beyond the end of linear memory is additionally a vulnerability. Note that reading beyond the end of linear memory requires nonstandard configuration of Wasmtime, specifically with guard pages disabled. This vulnerability is fixed in 24.0.7, 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-10 14:11 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bytecodealliance | wasmtime |
Affected:
< 24.0.7
Affected: >= 25.0.0, < 36.0.7 Affected: >= 37.0.0, < 42.0.2 Affected: >= 43.0.0, < 44.0.1 |
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CVE-2026-34824 (GCVE-0-2026-34824)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-03 22:41 – Updated: 2026-04-06 15:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Mesop: Unbounded Thread Creation in WebSocket Handler Leads to Denial of Service
Summary
Mesop is a Python-based UI framework that allows users to build web applications. From version 1.2.3 to before version 1.2.5, an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability exists in the WebSocket implementation of the Mesop framework. An unauthenticated attacker can send a rapid succession of WebSocket messages, forcing the server to spawn an unbounded number of operating system threads. This leads to thread exhaustion and Out of Memory (OOM) errors, causing a complete Denial of Service (DoS) for any application built on the framework. This issue has been patched in version 1.2.5.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-06 15:36 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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| https://github.com/mesop-dev/mesop/releases/tag/v1.2.5 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-34776 (GCVE-0-2026-34776)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-03 23:56 – Updated: 2026-04-06 15:31
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Electron: Out-of-bounds read in second-instance IPC on macOS and Linux
Summary
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Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-06 15:31 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/electron/electron/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-34705 (GCVE-0-2026-34705)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 17:43 – Updated: 2026-08-27 22:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
InDesign Desktop | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Summary
InDesign Desktop versions 21.3, 20.5.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-09 18:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesig… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | InDesign Desktop |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 21.3
(semver)
Unaffected: 21.4 (semver) Affected: 0 , ≤ 20.5.3 (semver) Unaffected: 20.5.4 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-06-09 17:00
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CVE-2026-34663 (GCVE-0-2026-34663)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 17:49 – Updated: 2026-08-27 22:24
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Illustrator | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Summary
Illustrator versions 29.8.6, 30.3 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-05-12 18:30 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/illustr… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Illustrator Desktop 2026 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 30.3
(semver)
Unaffected: 30.4 (semver) |
|
| Adobe | Illustrator Desktop 2025 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 29.8.6
(semver)
Unaffected: 29.8.7 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-05-12 17:00
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CVE-2026-34616 (GCVE-0-2026-34616)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 18:33 – Updated: 2026-08-28 15:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DNG SDK | Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Summary
DNG SDK versions 1.7.1 2502 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to memory exposure. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to disclose sensitive information from memory. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-28 15:41 UTC
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/dng-sdk… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adobe | Adobe DNG Software Development Kit (SDK) |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.7.1.2502
(custom)
Unaffected: 1.7.1.2536 (custom) |
Date Public
2026-04-14 17:00
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CVE-2026-34608 (GCVE-0-2026-34608)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-02 17:52 – Updated: 2026-04-02 19:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nanomq: Heap-Buffer-Overflow in webhook_inproc.c via cJSON_Parse OOB Read
Summary
NanoMQ MQTT Broker (NanoMQ) is an all-around Edge Messaging Platform. Prior to version 0.24.10, in NanoMQ's webhook_inproc.c, the hook_work_cb() function processes nng messages by parsing the message body with cJSON_Parse(body). The body is obtained from nng_msg_body(msg), which is a binary buffer without a guaranteed null terminator. This leads to an out-of-bounds read (OOB read) as cJSON_Parse reads until it finds a \0, potentially accessing memory beyond the allocated buffer (e.g., nng_msg metadata or adjacent heap/stack). The issue is often masked by nng's allocation padding (extra 32 bytes of zeros for non-power-of-two sizes <1024 or non-aligned). The overflow is reliably triggered when the JSON payload length is a power-of-two >=1024 (no padding added). This issue has been patched in version 0.24.10.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-02 19:10 UTC
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/commit/9499a4b2c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nanomq/nanomq/releases/tag/0.24.10 | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.