CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11454 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4PPQ-669J-6F73
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-14 19:00 – Updated: 2025-05-15 18:31The HW_KEYMASTER module has an out-of-bounds access vulnerability in parameter set verification.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause malicious construction of data, which results in out-of-bounds access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46840"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The HW_KEYMASTER module has an out-of-bounds access vulnerability in parameter set verification.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may cause malicious construction of data, which results in out-of-bounds access.",
"id": "GHSA-4ppq-669j-6f73",
"modified": "2025-05-15T18:31:33Z",
"published": "2022-10-14T19:00:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://consumer.huawei.com/en/support/bulletin/2022/10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://device.harmonyos.com/en/docs/security/update/security-bulletins-phones-202210-0000001416095697"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PPR-X3RG-CCJ6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-08 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:37Information disclosure in Network Services due to buffer over-read while the device receives DNS response.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-21625"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-126"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-08T10:15:13Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Information disclosure in Network Services due to buffer over-read while the device receives DNS response.",
"id": "GHSA-4ppr-x3rg-ccj6",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:37:57Z",
"published": "2023-08-08T12:30:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-21625"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.qualcomm.com/company/product-security/bulletins/august-2023-bulletin"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PQ2-JH73-G3HW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-04 12:30 – Updated: 2026-07-18 09:32In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: SEV: Require in-GHCB scratch area if GHCB v2+ is in use
As per the GHCB spec, when using GHCB v2+ require the software scratch area to reside in the GHCB's shared buffer. Note, things like Page State Change (PSC) requests rely on this behavior, as the guest can't provide a length when making the request, i.e. the size of the guest payload is bounded by the size of the shared buffer.
Failure to force usage of the GHCB, and a slew of other flaws, lets a malicious SNP guest corrupt host kernel heap memory, and leak host heap layout information.
setup_vmgexit_scratch() allocates a buffer via kvzalloc(exit_info_2), where exit_info_2 is guest-controlled. With exit_info_2=24, this yields a 24-byte allocation in kmalloc-cg-32 (32-byte slab objects). The buffer holds an 8-byte psc_hdr followed by 8-byte psc_entry structs, so only entries[0] and entries[1] are in-bounds.
snp_begin_psc() validates end_entry against VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT (253) but NOT against the actual buffer size:
idx_end = hdr->end_entry;
if (idx_end >= VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT) { // checks 253, not buffer
snp_complete_psc(svm, ...);
return 1;
}
for (idx = idx_start; idx <= idx_end; idx++) {
entry_start = entries[idx]; // OOB when idx >= 2
The guest sets end_entry=10+, causing the host to iterate entries[2+] which are OOB into adjacent slab objects. For each OOB entry:
- The host reads 8 bytes (OOB READ / info leak oracle)
- If the data passes PSC validation, __snp_complete_one_psc() writes cur_page = 1 or 512 into the entry (OOB WRITE, sev.c:3806)
- If validation fails, the error response reveals whether adjacent memory is zero vs non-zero (information disclosure to guest)
The guest controls allocation size (exit_info_2), entry range (cur_entry/end_entry), and can fire unlimited VMGEXITs to repeatedly hit different slab positions.
By exploiting the variety of bugs, a malicious SEV-SNP guest can: - OOB read adjacent kmalloc-cg-32 objects (heap layout disclosure) - OOB write cur_page bits into adjacent objects (heap corruption) - Trigger use-after-free conditions across VMGEXITs
E.g. with KASAN enabled, a single insmod of the PoC guest module produces 73 KASAN reports:
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x126/0x890
Read of size 8 at addr ffff888219ffb5e0 by task qemu-system-x86/2199
BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x468/0x890
Write of size 8 at addr ffff888351566648 by task qemu-system-x86/2199
The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888XXXXXXXXX
which belongs to the cache kmalloc-cg-32 of size 32
The buggy address is located N bytes to the right of
allocated 32-byte region [ffff888XXXXXXXXX, ffff888XXXXXXXXX)
Breakdown: 62 slab-out-of-bounds (reads + writes past allocation) 7 slab-use-after-free 4 use-after-free
All credit to Stan for the wonderful description and reproducer!
[sean: write changelog]
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-53360"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-04T12:17:01Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: SEV: Require in-GHCB scratch area if GHCB v2+ is in use\n\nAs per the GHCB spec, when using GHCB v2+ require the software scratch area\nto reside in the GHCB\u0027s shared buffer. Note, things like Page State Change\n(PSC) requests _rely_ on this behavior, as the guest can\u0027t provide a length\nwhen making the request, i.e. the size of the guest payload is bounded by\nthe size of the shared buffer.\n\nFailure to force usage of the GHCB, and a slew of other flaws, lets a\nmalicious SNP guest corrupt host kernel heap memory, and leak host heap\nlayout information.\n\nsetup_vmgexit_scratch() allocates a buffer via kvzalloc(exit_info_2),\nwhere exit_info_2 is guest-controlled. With exit_info_2=24, this yields\na 24-byte allocation in kmalloc-cg-32 (32-byte slab objects). The buffer\nholds an 8-byte psc_hdr followed by 8-byte psc_entry structs, so only\nentries[0] and entries[1] are in-bounds.\n\nsnp_begin_psc() validates end_entry against VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT (253)\nbut NOT against the actual buffer size:\n\n idx_end = hdr-\u003eend_entry;\n\n if (idx_end \u003e= VMGEXIT_PSC_MAX_COUNT) { // checks 253, not buffer\n snp_complete_psc(svm, ...);\n return 1;\n }\n\n for (idx = idx_start; idx \u003c= idx_end; idx++) {\n entry_start = entries[idx]; // OOB when idx \u003e= 2\n\nThe guest sets end_entry=10+, causing the host to iterate entries[2+]\nwhich are OOB into adjacent slab objects. For each OOB entry:\n\n - The host reads 8 bytes (OOB READ / info leak oracle)\n - If the data passes PSC validation, __snp_complete_one_psc() writes\n cur_page = 1 or 512 into the entry (OOB WRITE, sev.c:3806)\n - If validation fails, the error response reveals whether adjacent\n memory is zero vs non-zero (information disclosure to guest)\n\nThe guest controls allocation size (exit_info_2), entry range\n(cur_entry/end_entry), and can fire unlimited VMGEXITs to repeatedly\nhit different slab positions.\n\nBy exploiting the variety of bugs, a malicious SEV-SNP guest can:\n - OOB read adjacent kmalloc-cg-32 objects (heap layout disclosure)\n - OOB write cur_page bits into adjacent objects (heap corruption)\n - Trigger use-after-free conditions across VMGEXITs\n\nE.g. with KASAN enabled, a single insmod of the PoC guest module\nproduces 73 KASAN reports:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x126/0x890\n Read of size 8 at addr ffff888219ffb5e0 by task qemu-system-x86/2199\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in snp_begin_psc+0x468/0x890\n Write of size 8 at addr ffff888351566648 by task qemu-system-x86/2199\n\n The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888XXXXXXXXX\n which belongs to the cache kmalloc-cg-32 of size 32\n The buggy address is located N bytes to the right of\n allocated 32-byte region [ffff888XXXXXXXXX, ffff888XXXXXXXXX)\n\n Breakdown:\n 62 slab-out-of-bounds (reads + writes past allocation)\n 7 slab-use-after-free\n 4 use-after-free\n\nAll credit to Stan for the wonderful description and reproducer!\n\n[sean: write changelog]",
"id": "GHSA-4pq2-jh73-g3hw",
"modified": "2026-07-18T09:32:16Z",
"published": "2026-07-04T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b328ede59ac34e7998e1eee5e5f0cc26c2a91846"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf9ba093fbb83c0c9a3dedd50efec29424eca2fc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9b4198fbc6ed99a9da4bee9f74bb730f926c9ae"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db3f2195d29344a3cf1e9dd9ab7f21ced7308cf7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PR5-4PPP-C4V6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-21 21:33 – Updated: 2025-10-21 21:33Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology). Supported versions that are affected are 8.60, 8.61 and 8.62. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-53065"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-21T20:20:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools product of Oracle PeopleSoft (component: PIA Core Technology). Supported versions that are affected are 8.60, 8.61 and 8.62. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools accessible data. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.4 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).",
"id": "GHSA-4pr5-4ppp-c4v6",
"modified": "2025-10-21T21:33:42Z",
"published": "2025-10-21T21:33:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53065"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2025.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PRV-95GP-PQ3P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-09-09 09:31A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 (All versions), User Management Component (UMC) (All versions < V2.15.1.3). Affected products contain a out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the integrated UMC component. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-40798"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-09T09:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SIMATIC PCS neo V4.1 (All versions), SIMATIC PCS neo V5.0 (All versions), User Management Component (UMC) (All versions \u003c V2.15.1.3). Affected products contain a out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the integrated UMC component. This could allow an unauthenticated remote attacker to cause a denial of service condition.",
"id": "GHSA-4prv-95gp-pq3p",
"modified": "2025-09-09T09:31:12Z",
"published": "2025-09-09T09:31:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40798"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-722410.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PVP-5874-59C5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-21 09:32 – Updated: 2026-05-21 09:32An out-of-bounds read in ASP session ID handling in Netatalk 1.3 through 4.4.2 allows an adjacent network attacker to obtain limited information or cause a denial of service via a crafted ASP request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44064"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T08:16:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An out-of-bounds read in ASP session ID handling in Netatalk 1.3 through 4.4.2 allows an adjacent network attacker to obtain limited information or cause a denial of service via a crafted ASP request.",
"id": "GHSA-4pvp-5874-59c5",
"modified": "2026-05-21T09:32:10Z",
"published": "2026-05-21T09:32:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44064"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://netatalk.io/security/CVE-2026-44064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PW6-3V2R-W2CQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-04 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-13 00:00Buffer Over-read in GitHub repository bfabiszewski/libmobi prior to 0.11.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1987"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-06-03T08:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer Over-read in GitHub repository bfabiszewski/libmobi prior to 0.11.",
"id": "GHSA-4pw6-3v2r-w2cq",
"modified": "2022-06-13T00:00:20Z",
"published": "2022-06-04T00:00:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1987"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bfabiszewski/libmobi/commit/612562bc1ea38f1708b044e7a079c47a05b1291d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/e8197737-7557-443e-a59f-2a86e8dda75f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PX2-X6RX-GVX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:04In NFC, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-120274615
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-9251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-27T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In NFC, there is a possible out of bounds read due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation. Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10Android ID: A-120274615",
"id": "GHSA-4px2-x6rx-gvx2",
"modified": "2024-04-04T02:04:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:57:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/android-10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4PXW-3PX9-5FG9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:18 – Updated: 2023-01-27 21:31An issue was discovered in libexif before 0.6.22. Several buffer over-reads in EXIF MakerNote handling could lead to information disclosure and crashes. This is different from CVE-2020-0093.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-13112"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-21T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in libexif before 0.6.22. Several buffer over-reads in EXIF MakerNote handling could lead to information disclosure and crashes. This is different from CVE-2020-0093.",
"id": "GHSA-4pxw-3px9-5fg9",
"modified": "2023-01-27T21:31:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:18:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-13112"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/libexif/libexif/commit/435e21f05001fb03f9f186fa7cbc69454afd00d1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/05/msg00025.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202007-05"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4396-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-06/msg00017.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4Q2C-CJX7-RC9R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:16Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds Read vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to locally escalate privileges in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-30T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Acrobat Reader DC versions versions 2020.013.20074 (and earlier), 2020.001.30018 (and earlier) and 2017.011.30188 (and earlier) are affected by an out-of-bounds Read vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this vulnerability to locally escalate privileges in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-4q2c-cjx7-rc9r",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:16:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb21-09.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.