CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11432 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4HG3-PC9R-PP32
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-28 09:30 – Updated: 2024-12-24 15:30In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
netfilter: nftables: avoid overflows in nft_hash_buckets()
Number of buckets being stored in 32bit variables, we have to ensure that no overflows occur in nft_hash_buckets()
syzbot injected a size == 0x40000000 and reported:
UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in ./include/linux/log2.h:57:13 shift exponent 64 is too large for 64-bit type 'long unsigned int' CPU: 1 PID: 29539 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 5.12.0-rc7-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 Call Trace: __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:79 [inline] dump_stack+0x141/0x1d7 lib/dump_stack.c:120 ubsan_epilogue+0xb/0x5a lib/ubsan.c:148 __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds.cold+0xb1/0x181 lib/ubsan.c:327 __roundup_pow_of_two include/linux/log2.h:57 [inline] nft_hash_buckets net/netfilter/nft_set_hash.c:411 [inline] nft_hash_estimate.cold+0x19/0x1e net/netfilter/nft_set_hash.c:652 nft_select_set_ops net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:3586 [inline] nf_tables_newset+0xe62/0x3110 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:4322 nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0xa09/0x24b0 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:488 nfnetlink_rcv_skb_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:612 [inline] nfnetlink_rcv+0x3af/0x420 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:630 netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1312 [inline] netlink_unicast+0x533/0x7d0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1338 netlink_sendmsg+0x856/0xd90 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1927 sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:654 [inline] sock_sendmsg+0xcf/0x120 net/socket.c:674 _syssendmsg+0x6e8/0x810 net/socket.c:2350 _sys_sendmsg+0xf3/0x170 net/socket.c:2404 __sys_sendmsg+0xe5/0x1b0 net/socket.c:2433 do_syscall_64+0x2d/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-46992"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-28T09:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnetfilter: nftables: avoid overflows in nft_hash_buckets()\n\nNumber of buckets being stored in 32bit variables, we have to\nensure that no overflows occur in nft_hash_buckets()\n\nsyzbot injected a size == 0x40000000 and reported:\n\nUBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in ./include/linux/log2.h:57:13\nshift exponent 64 is too large for 64-bit type \u0027long unsigned int\u0027\nCPU: 1 PID: 29539 Comm: syz-executor.4 Not tainted 5.12.0-rc7-syzkaller #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011\nCall Trace:\n __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:79 [inline]\n dump_stack+0x141/0x1d7 lib/dump_stack.c:120\n ubsan_epilogue+0xb/0x5a lib/ubsan.c:148\n __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds.cold+0xb1/0x181 lib/ubsan.c:327\n __roundup_pow_of_two include/linux/log2.h:57 [inline]\n nft_hash_buckets net/netfilter/nft_set_hash.c:411 [inline]\n nft_hash_estimate.cold+0x19/0x1e net/netfilter/nft_set_hash.c:652\n nft_select_set_ops net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:3586 [inline]\n nf_tables_newset+0xe62/0x3110 net/netfilter/nf_tables_api.c:4322\n nfnetlink_rcv_batch+0xa09/0x24b0 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:488\n nfnetlink_rcv_skb_batch net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:612 [inline]\n nfnetlink_rcv+0x3af/0x420 net/netfilter/nfnetlink.c:630\n netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1312 [inline]\n netlink_unicast+0x533/0x7d0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1338\n netlink_sendmsg+0x856/0xd90 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1927\n sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:654 [inline]\n sock_sendmsg+0xcf/0x120 net/socket.c:674\n ____sys_sendmsg+0x6e8/0x810 net/socket.c:2350\n ___sys_sendmsg+0xf3/0x170 net/socket.c:2404\n __sys_sendmsg+0xe5/0x1b0 net/socket.c:2433\n do_syscall_64+0x2d/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:46",
"id": "GHSA-4hg3-pc9r-pp32",
"modified": "2024-12-24T15:30:31Z",
"published": "2024-02-28T09:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-46992"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1e8ab479cfbe5751efccedb95afb9b112a5ba475"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2824cafc6a93792d9ad85939c499161214d84c4b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/72b49dd116ca00a46a11d5a4d8d7987f05ed9cd7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a388d10961ff8578b1a6691945d406c0f33aa71b"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a54754ec9891830ba548e2010c889e3c8146e449"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c77e2ef18167ad334e27610ced9a7f6af5ec1787"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efcd730ddd6f25578bd31bfe703e593e2421d708"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HJ7-QG65-92FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:01 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:01** DISPUTED ** The libfsntfs_attribute_read_from_mft function in libfsntfs_attribute.c in libfsntfs through 2018-04-20 allows remote attackers to cause an information disclosure (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted ntfs file. NOTE: the vendor has disputed this as described in libyal/libfsntfs issue 8 on GitHub.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11727"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-200"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-06-19T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** The libfsntfs_attribute_read_from_mft function in libfsntfs_attribute.c in libfsntfs through 2018-04-20 allows remote attackers to cause an information disclosure (heap-based buffer over-read) via a crafted ntfs file. NOTE: the vendor has disputed this as described in libyal/libfsntfs issue 8 on GitHub.",
"id": "GHSA-4hj7-qg65-92fp",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:01:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:01:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/148115/libfsntfs-20180420-Information-Disclosure.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Jun/17"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HJQ-W453-32W2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-10 00:01 – Updated: 2022-09-20 00:00An issue was discovered in the DNS proxy in Connman through 1.40. forward_dns_reply mishandles a strnlen call, leading to an out-of-bounds read.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-23097"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-28T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in the DNS proxy in Connman through 1.40. forward_dns_reply mishandles a strnlen call, leading to an out-of-bounds read.",
"id": "GHSA-4hjq-w453-32w2",
"modified": "2022-09-20T00:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-02-10T00:01:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-23097"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/network/connman/connman.git/log"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/02/msg00009.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202310-21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/01/25/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HMJ-W57G-W6RX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:45 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:45Adobe Digital Editions versions 4.5.3 and earlier have an exploitable buffer over-read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-2978"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-15T06:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Adobe Digital Editions versions 4.5.3 and earlier have an exploitable buffer over-read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-4hmj-w57g-w6rx",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:45:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:45:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/Digital-Editions/apsb17-05.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037816"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HMR-4VJC-3RG2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-28 21:32 – Updated: 2026-05-28 21:32Ubuntu Linux 6.8, 6.17 and 7.0 contain AppArmor SAUCE patches which incorrectly validate the size of an internal structure, leading to an out-of-bounds read in notification handling code. The bug can be triggered by an unprivileged local user and can result in information disclosure from adjacent slab objects.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-47332"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-28T19:16:41Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Ubuntu Linux 6.8, 6.17 and 7.0 contain AppArmor SAUCE patches which incorrectly validate the size of an internal structure, leading to an out-of-bounds read in notification handling code. The bug can be triggered by an unprivileged local user and can result in information disclosure from adjacent slab objects.",
"id": "GHSA-4hmr-4vjc-3rg2",
"modified": "2026-05-28T21:32:02Z",
"published": "2026-05-28T21:32:02Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-47332"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.launchpad.net/~ubuntu-kernel/ubuntu/+source/linux/+git/noble/commit/?id=0418e5f61b55465f19245705bce6590c807fc9f2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HP4-6MC7-468V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 21:30 – Updated: 2024-12-10 21:30InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-49548"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T21:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "InDesign Desktop versions ID19.5, ID18.5.4 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds read vulnerability that could lead to disclosure of sensitive memory. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass mitigations such as ASLR. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must open a malicious file.",
"id": "GHSA-4hp4-6mc7-468v",
"modified": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
"published": "2024-12-10T21:30:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49548"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/indesign/apsb24-97.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HP9-GM7V-RQ3H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50422"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T18:17:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
"id": "GHSA-4hp9-gm7v-rq3h",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:22Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50422"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50422"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HQ8-F3MJ-M9WC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:14 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:14Linux kernel ext4 filesystem is vulnerable to an out-of-bound access in the ext4_ext_drop_refs() function when operating on a crafted ext4 filesystem image.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-10877"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-18T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Linux kernel ext4 filesystem is vulnerable to an out-of-bound access in the ext4_ext_drop_refs() function when operating on a crafted ext4 filesystem image.",
"id": "GHSA-4hq8-f3mj-m9wc",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:14:26Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:14:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2948"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-10877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1596795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2018-10877"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/07/msg00020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3753-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3753-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3754-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-3"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3871-5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106503"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HRG-CVR4-FF8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-29 12:30 – Updated: 2025-01-09 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
x86/CPU/AMD: Terminate the erratum_1386_microcode array
The erratum_1386_microcode array requires an empty entry at the end. Otherwise x86_match_cpu_with_stepping() will continue iterate the array after it ended.
Add an empty entry to erratum_1386_microcode to its end.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56721"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-29T12:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nx86/CPU/AMD: Terminate the erratum_1386_microcode array\n\nThe erratum_1386_microcode array requires an empty entry at the end.\nOtherwise x86_match_cpu_with_stepping() will continue iterate the array after\nit ended.\n\nAdd an empty entry to erratum_1386_microcode to its end.",
"id": "GHSA-4hrg-cvr4-ff8f",
"modified": "2025-01-09T21:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-12-29T12:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56721"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82d6b82cf89d950982ac240ba068c3a7e1f23b0a"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ccfee14f08b8699132b87bc6d78e0fa75bf094dd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff6cdc407f4179748f4673c39b0921503199a0ad"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HV5-RH3V-RR4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:13 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:43The _WM_SetupMidiEvent function in internal_midi.c:2122 in WildMIDI 0.4.2 can cause a denial of service (invalid memory read and application crash) via a crafted mid file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-11664"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-08-17T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The _WM_SetupMidiEvent function in internal_midi.c:2122 in WildMIDI 0.4.2 can cause a denial of service (invalid memory read and application crash) via a crafted mid file.",
"id": "GHSA-4hv5-rh3v-rr4g",
"modified": "2025-04-20T03:43:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:13:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-11664"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Mindwerks/wildmidi/commit/ad6d7cf88d6673167ca1f517248af9409a9f1be1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/42433"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Aug/12"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.