CWE-125
AllowedOut-of-bounds Read
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
11343 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-VJMJ-84V8-M369
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-23 03:31 – Updated: 2024-11-23 03:31Foxit PDF Reader AcroForm Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the handling of AcroForms. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24492.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-9253"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-22T22:15:21Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Foxit PDF Reader AcroForm Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Foxit PDF Reader. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the handling of AcroForms. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-24492.",
"id": "GHSA-vjmj-84v8-m369",
"modified": "2024-11-23T03:31:59Z",
"published": "2024-11-23T03:31:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-9253"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-24-1305"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJMM-FHHJ-H8JW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:53 – Updated: 2022-05-14 00:53Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-4972"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-09T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Adobe Acrobat and Reader versions 2018.011.20038 and earlier, 2017.011.30079 and earlier, and 2015.006.30417 and earlier have an Out-of-bounds read vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to information disclosure.",
"id": "GHSA-vjmm-fhhj-h8jw",
"modified": "2022-05-14T00:53:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:53:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-4972"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/acrobat/apsb18-09.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-18-456"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1040920"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJQ5-PFRC-9VJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-16 12:30 – Updated: 2025-03-06 15:34In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: usb: ax88179_178a: Fix out-of-bounds accesses in RX fixup
ax88179_rx_fixup() contains several out-of-bounds accesses that can be triggered by a malicious (or defective) USB device, in particular:
- The metadata array (hdr_off..hdr_off+2*pkt_cnt) can be out of bounds, causing OOB reads and (on big-endian systems) OOB endianness flips.
- A packet can overlap the metadata array, causing a later OOB endianness flip to corrupt data used by a cloned SKB that has already been handed off into the network stack.
- A packet SKB can be constructed whose tail is far beyond its end, causing out-of-bounds heap data to be considered part of the SKB's data.
I have tested that this can be used by a malicious USB device to send a bogus ICMPv6 Echo Request and receive an ICMPv6 Echo Reply in response that contains random kernel heap data. It's probably also possible to get OOB writes from this on a little-endian system somehow - maybe by triggering skb_cow() via IP options processing -, but I haven't tested that.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-48805"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-16T12:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: usb: ax88179_178a: Fix out-of-bounds accesses in RX fixup\n\nax88179_rx_fixup() contains several out-of-bounds accesses that can be\ntriggered by a malicious (or defective) USB device, in particular:\n\n - The metadata array (hdr_off..hdr_off+2*pkt_cnt) can be out of bounds,\n causing OOB reads and (on big-endian systems) OOB endianness flips.\n - A packet can overlap the metadata array, causing a later OOB\n endianness flip to corrupt data used by a cloned SKB that has already\n been handed off into the network stack.\n - A packet SKB can be constructed whose tail is far beyond its end,\n causing out-of-bounds heap data to be considered part of the SKB\u0027s\n data.\n\nI have tested that this can be used by a malicious USB device to send a\nbogus ICMPv6 Echo Request and receive an ICMPv6 Echo Reply in response\nthat contains random kernel heap data.\nIt\u0027s probably also possible to get OOB writes from this on a\nlittle-endian system somehow - maybe by triggering skb_cow() via IP\noptions processing -, but I haven\u0027t tested that.",
"id": "GHSA-vjq5-pfrc-9vjr",
"modified": "2025-03-06T15:34:37Z",
"published": "2024-07-16T12:30:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-48805"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1668781ed24da43498799aa4f65714a7de201930"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57bc3d3ae8c14df3ceb4e17d26ddf9eeab304581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/63f0cfb36c1f1964a59ce544156677601e2d8740"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/711b6bf3fb052f0a6b5b3205d50e30c0c2980382"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/758290defe93a865a2880d10c5d5abd288b64b5d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9681823f96a811268265f35307072ad80713c274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0fd5492ee769029a636f1fb521716b022b1423d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ffd0393adcdcefab7e131488e10dcfde5e02d6eb"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJV3-8WRV-HH93
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-11 21:32 – Updated: 2025-02-11 21:32PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.
The specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25957.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0911"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-11T20:15:35Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "PDF-XChange Editor U3D File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of PDF-XChange Editor. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file.\n\nThe specific flaw exists within the parsing of U3D files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-25957.",
"id": "GHSA-vjv3-8wrv-hh93",
"modified": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
"published": "2025-02-11T21:32:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0911"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-066"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJVR-327F-FVP5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:16 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:16This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 9.1.0.5096. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Calculate events. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-6354.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-17622"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-29T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on vulnerable installations of Foxit Reader 9.1.0.5096. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of Calculate events. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-6354.",
"id": "GHSA-vjvr-327f-fvp5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:16:09Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:16:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-17622"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.foxitsoftware.com/support/security-bulletins.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-18-1103"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJW4-HV65-7VHQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-25 21:31In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ext4: fix bounds check in check_xattrs() to prevent out-of-bounds access
The bounds check for the next xattr entry in check_xattrs() uses (void )next >= end, which allows next to point within sizeof(u32) bytes of end. On the next loop iteration, IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4 bytes via (__u32 *)(entry), which can overrun the valid xattr region.
For example, if next lands at end - 1, the check passes since next < end, but IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4 bytes starting at end - 1, accessing 3 bytes beyond the valid region.
Fix this by changing the check to (void *)next + sizeof(u32) > end, ensuring there is always enough space for the IS_LAST_ENTRY() read on the subsequent iteration.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46094"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T14:17:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\next4: fix bounds check in check_xattrs() to prevent out-of-bounds access\n\nThe bounds check for the next xattr entry in check_xattrs() uses\n(void *)next \u003e= end, which allows next to point within sizeof(u32)\nbytes of end. On the next loop iteration, IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4\nbytes via *(__u32 *)(entry), which can overrun the valid xattr region.\n\nFor example, if next lands at end - 1, the check passes since\nnext \u003c end, but IS_LAST_ENTRY() reads 4 bytes starting at end - 1,\naccessing 3 bytes beyond the valid region.\n\nFix this by changing the check to (void *)next + sizeof(u32) \u003e end,\nensuring there is always enough space for the IS_LAST_ENTRY() read\non the subsequent iteration.",
"id": "GHSA-vjw4-hv65-7vhq",
"modified": "2026-06-25T21:31:21Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T15:33:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46094"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/520986722dbf869c122252123fc161c7302eab7d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/537e065977022aa22f2c2503e8accaf16622e0fd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a5314d2387633a272a04d1bd8727f99058e4e68"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ab6da97bc310db35d4e4ef5354bc3ff626b0698c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eceafc31ea7b42c984ece10d79d505c0bb6615d5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VJWX-3HF8-WP7W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:25 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:25An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the function Splash::blitTransparent at splash/Splash.cc.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-10872"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-05T04:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. There is a heap-based buffer over-read in the function Splash::blitTransparent at splash/Splash.cc.",
"id": "GHSA-vjwx-3hf8-wp7w",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:25:12Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:25:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10872"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/issues/750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/06/msg00002.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/07/msg00018.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/7MAWV24KRXTFODLVT46RXI27XIQFX2QR"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/YWS7NVFFCUY3YSTMEKZEJEU6JVUUBKHB"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4042-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/107862"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VM2F-46XC-5JC3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-07 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-07 20:50AstrBot Project v3.5.22 has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64. Since the _encode_image_bs64 function defined in entities.py opens the image specified by the user in the request body and returns the image content as a base64-encoded string without checking the legitimacy of the image path, attackers can construct a series of malicious URLs to read any specified file, resulting in sensitive data leakage.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "AstrBot"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "3.5.22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-57697"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-22"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-07T20:50:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-07T18:15:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "AstrBot Project v3.5.22 has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64. Since the _encode_image_bs64 function defined in entities.py opens the image specified by the user in the request body and returns the image content as a base64-encoded string without checking the legitimacy of the image path, attackers can construct a series of malicious URLs to read any specified file, resulting in sensitive data leakage.",
"id": "GHSA-vm2f-46xc-5jc3",
"modified": "2025-11-07T20:50:54Z",
"published": "2025-11-07T18:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-57697"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/AstrBotDevs/AstrBot"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DYX217/vulnerability-explore/blob/main/1/README.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "AstrBot has an arbitrary file read vulnerability in function _encode_image_bs64"
}
GHSA-VM3P-HCG2-MR89
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 18:32 – Updated: 2025-06-10 18:32Out-of-bounds read in Windows Storage Management Provider allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-33062"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T17:22:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds read in Windows Storage Management Provider allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-vm3p-hcg2-mr89",
"modified": "2025-06-10T18:32:29Z",
"published": "2025-06-10T18:32:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33062"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-33062"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-VM47-PW3H-2QGG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-18 15:30 – Updated: 2024-09-20 21:31Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Open Networking Foundation (ONF) libfluid (libfluid_msg module). This vulnerability is associated with program routine fluid_msg::of13::GroupDesc::unpack.
This issue affects libfluid: 0.1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-31180"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-18T14:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in Open Networking Foundation (ONF) libfluid (libfluid_msg module). This vulnerability is associated with program routine\u00a0fluid_msg::of13::GroupDesc::unpack.\n\nThis issue affects libfluid: 0.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-vm47-pw3h-2qgg",
"modified": "2024-09-20T21:31:39Z",
"published": "2024-09-18T15:30:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31180"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.nozominetworks.com/labs/vulnerability-advisories-cve-2024-31180"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Strategy: Language Selection
Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers
An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.