Vulnerability-Lookup

UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959 (CVE-2025-24959)

Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu – Published: 2025-02-03 21:15 – Updated: 2026-10-17 09:31 – Source website

Details

zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into process.env. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through dotenv.stringify are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to dotenv.stringify. Specifically, avoid using ", ', and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.

Severity

1.0 (Low)


                    
                      CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

N/A (UNKNOWN)


                    
                      medium

References

URL

Type

	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-24959	REPORT
	https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24959	REPORT
	https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094	REPORT
	https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/…	REPORT

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "zx",
            "binary_version": "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
        "name": "node-zx",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-zx@7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-2",
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "zx",
            "binary_version": "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:25.10",
        "name": "node-zx",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-zx@7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3?arch=source\u0026distro=questing"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "zx",
            "binary_version": "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-4"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.10",
        "name": "node-zx",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-zx@7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-4?arch=source\u0026distro=stonking"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3",
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-4"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "binaries": [
          {
            "binary_name": "zx",
            "binary_version": "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
          }
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Ubuntu:26.04:LTS",
        "name": "node-zx",
        "purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/node-zx@7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3?arch=source\u0026distro=resolute"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "7.1.1+~cs6.7.23-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "details": "zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `\"`, `\u0027`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.",
  "id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2025-24959",
  "modified": "2026-10-17T09:31:44Z",
  "published": "2025-02-03T21:15:00Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-24959"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24959"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094"
    },
    {
      "type": "REPORT",
      "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87"
    }
  ],
  "related": [],
  "schema_version": "1.7.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    },
    {
      "score": "medium",
      "type": "Ubuntu"
    }
  ],
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-24959"
  ]
}

CVE-2025-24959 (GCVE-0-2025-24959)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-03 20:48 – Updated: 2025-02-12 20:51

Title

Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API in zx

Summary

zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `"`, `'`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage.

Severity

1 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-02-03 21:06 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7751 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
google	zx	Affected: >= 8.3.0, < 8.3.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-24959",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-03T21:06:43.415122Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
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        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-02-12T20:51:25.848Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "zx",
          "vendor": "google",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 8.3.0, \u003c 8.3.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "zx is a tool for writing better scripts. An attacker with control over environment variable values can inject unintended environment variables into `process.env`. This can lead to arbitrary command execution or unexpected behavior in applications that rely on environment variables for security-sensitive operations. Applications that process untrusted input and pass it through `dotenv.stringify` are particularly vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 8.3.2. Users should immediately upgrade to this version to mitigate the vulnerability. If upgrading is not feasible, users can mitigate the vulnerability by sanitizing user-controlled environment variable values before passing them to `dotenv.stringify`. Specifically, avoid using `\"`, `\u0027`, and backticks in values, or enforce strict validation of environment variables before usage."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "baseScore": 1,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-02-03T20:48:16.507Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/security/advisories/GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/google/zx/pull/1094"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-qwp8-x4ff-5h87",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Environment Variable Injection for dotenv API in zx"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-24959",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-03T20:48:16.507Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-01-29T15:18:03.208Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-12T20:51:25.848Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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