Vulnerability-Lookup

PYSEC-2026-4249

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-10-15 10:22 - Updated: 2026-10-15 14:38

Details

Summary

PraisonAI's Async Jobs API enables its API-key middleware only when PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY is set, so by default every endpoint is unauthenticated. An unauthenticated POST /api/v1/runs accepts an attacker-controlled webhook_url; on job completion the server POSTs the job payload to it via httpx. The webhook_url has an SSRF validator (gethostbyname + private-IP check), but it validates at request time while httpx re-resolves at connection time — a DNS-rebinding TOCTOU that reaches internal services. Runtime-confirmed as an unauthenticated, blind SSRF (the internal canary received the POST; the internal response is not returned to the attacker). Severity Medium.

Details

Affected component

Package: praisonai 4.6.63. Files: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py, jobs/router.py, jobs/executor.py, jobs/models.py.

Vulnerable code / root cause

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py

Function: create_app

Snippet:

jobs_api_key = os.environ.get("PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY")
# ...
if jobs_api_key:
    app.add_middleware(JobsAPIKeyMiddleware)   # auth ONLY when env var is set

Issue: with the env var unset (default), no auth middleware is added → all endpoints unauthenticated. Default bind is 127.0.0.1.

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/router.py

Function: submit_job

Snippet:

@router.post("", response_model=JobSubmitResponse, status_code=202)
async def submit_job(request, response, body: JobSubmitRequest, ...):
    # no auth dependency; body.webhook_url is attacker-controlled
    job = Job(prompt=body.prompt, webhook_url=body.webhook_url, ...)
    await executor.submit(job)

Issue: attacker-controlled webhook_url flows into the job with no authentication on the endpoint.

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/models.py (validator) and src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/executor.py (sink)

Function: validate_webhook_url → _send_webhook

Snippet:

# models.py validate_webhook_url (CHECK time)
ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
if ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_private or ...:
    raise ValueError("Webhook URL resolves to a private or restricted network address")

# executor.py _send_webhook (CONNECT time, re-resolves, no pinning)
async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:
    response = await client.post(job.webhook_url, json=payload, ...)

Issue: the validator resolves the hostname at validation time but does not pin the IP for the httpx.post connection → DNS rebinding (independent resolution at check vs connect) bypasses it and reaches internal services.

Attack flow

Operator runs the Jobs API without PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY (default → unauth).
Attacker POST /api/v1/runs with webhook_url = a rebinding domain.
The validator(s) see a public IP (pass); on completion httpx.post re-resolves to an internal IP and connects → SSRF to internal.

Why existing protection is bypassed

Auth is opt-in (only when the env var is set). The webhook_url validator resolves at check time but does not pin the IP for the connection → DNS-rebinding TOCTOU. (Correction to an earlier static note: the guard exists but is bypassable.)

Security boundary

Unauthenticated network peer → server-side request to internal services (Scope: Changed). Default bind 127.0.0.1 limits remote reach unless the operator binds non-loopback.

Proof of Concept

Environment

Real Jobs API (python -m praisonai.jobs.server, no API key) in a local runtime (127.0.0.1:18085), resolver pointed at the controlled rebinding DNS, internal canary Docker-internal only. Runnable assets: PraisonAI-Runtime-Repro\runtime-files\ (docker-compose.jobs.yml).

Steps to reproduce

PRAI-04-01-Jobs-Submit-NoAuth: POST /api/v1/runs {"prompt":"hello"} → 202 (no auth).
PRAI-04-02-Jobs-Webhook-SSRF-Blind: POST /api/v1/runs {"prompt":"hello","webhook_url":"http://rebind.lab:8081/secret"} → 202.

Expected result

Unauthenticated job submission should be rejected; the webhook SSRF guard should prevent reaching internal services regardless of DNS timing.

Impact

Unauthenticated job submission (LLM cost abuse); SSRF to internal services (blind, DNS-rebinding); exfiltration of the job result to an attacker-controlled webhook.

Suggested remediation

Authenticate the Jobs API by default (auto-generate a token / fail closed when binding non-loopback), like the gateway.
For webhook_url: resolve once, reject private/loopback/CGNAT/metadata, then pin and connect to the validated IP; disable redirects.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Impacted products

Name	purl
praisonai	pkg:pypi/praisonai

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

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        "name": "praisonai",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/praisonai"
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60091",
    "GHSA-4w49-gwv8-fpjg"
  ],
  "details": "## Summary\n\nPraisonAI\u0027s Async Jobs API enables its API-key middleware **only when `PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY` is set**, so by default every endpoint is unauthenticated. An unauthenticated `POST /api/v1/runs` accepts an attacker-controlled `webhook_url`; on job completion the server POSTs the job payload to it via `httpx`. The `webhook_url` has an SSRF validator (`gethostbyname` + private-IP check), but it validates at request time while `httpx` re-resolves at connection time \u2014 a DNS-rebinding TOCTOU that reaches internal services. Runtime-confirmed as an **unauthenticated, blind** SSRF (the internal canary received the POST; the internal response is not returned to the attacker). Severity Medium.\n\n## Details\n\n### Affected component\n- Package: `praisonai` 4.6.63. Files: `src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py`, `jobs/router.py`, `jobs/executor.py`, `jobs/models.py`.\n\n### Vulnerable code / root cause\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py`\n\nFunction:\n`create_app`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\njobs_api_key = os.environ.get(\"PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY\")\n# ...\nif jobs_api_key:\n    app.add_middleware(JobsAPIKeyMiddleware)   # auth ONLY when env var is set\n```\nIssue: with the env var unset (default), no auth middleware is added \u2192 all endpoints unauthenticated. Default bind is `127.0.0.1`.\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/router.py`\n\nFunction:\n`submit_job`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\n@router.post(\"\", response_model=JobSubmitResponse, status_code=202)\nasync def submit_job(request, response, body: JobSubmitRequest, ...):\n    # no auth dependency; body.webhook_url is attacker-controlled\n    job = Job(prompt=body.prompt, webhook_url=body.webhook_url, ...)\n    await executor.submit(job)\n```\nIssue: attacker-controlled `webhook_url` flows into the job with no authentication on the endpoint.\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/models.py` (validator) and `src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/executor.py` (sink)\n\nFunction:\n`validate_webhook_url` \u2192 `_send_webhook`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\n# models.py validate_webhook_url (CHECK time)\nip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)\nif ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_private or ...:\n    raise ValueError(\"Webhook URL resolves to a private or restricted network address\")\n\n# executor.py _send_webhook (CONNECT time, re-resolves, no pinning)\nasync with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:\n    response = await client.post(job.webhook_url, json=payload, ...)\n```\nIssue: the validator resolves the hostname at validation time but does not pin the IP for the `httpx.post` connection \u2192 DNS rebinding (independent resolution at check vs connect) bypasses it and reaches internal services.\n\n### Attack flow\n1. Operator runs the Jobs API without `PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY` (default \u2192 unauth).\n2. Attacker `POST /api/v1/runs` with `webhook_url` = a rebinding domain.\n3. The validator(s) see a public IP (pass); on completion `httpx.post` re-resolves to an internal IP and connects \u2192 SSRF to internal.\n\n### Why existing protection is bypassed\nAuth is opt-in (only when the env var is set). The `webhook_url` validator resolves at check time but does not pin the IP for the connection \u2192 DNS-rebinding TOCTOU. (Correction to an earlier static note: the guard exists but is bypassable.)\n\n### Security boundary\nUnauthenticated network peer \u2192 server-side request to internal services (Scope: Changed). Default bind `127.0.0.1` limits remote reach unless the operator binds non-loopback.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n### Environment\nReal Jobs API (`python -m praisonai.jobs.server`, no API key) in a local runtime (`127.0.0.1:18085`), resolver pointed at the controlled rebinding DNS, internal canary Docker-internal only. Runnable assets: `PraisonAI-Runtime-Repro\\runtime-files\\` (`docker-compose.jobs.yml`).\n\n### Steps to reproduce\n1. `PRAI-04-01-Jobs-Submit-NoAuth`: `POST /api/v1/runs {\"prompt\":\"hello\"}` \u2192 `202` (no auth).\n2. `PRAI-04-02-Jobs-Webhook-SSRF-Blind`: `POST /api/v1/runs {\"prompt\":\"hello\",\"webhook_url\":\"http://rebind.lab:8081/secret\"}` \u2192 `202`.\n\n### Expected result\nUnauthenticated job submission should be rejected; the webhook SSRF guard should prevent reaching internal services regardless of DNS timing.\n\n## Impact\nUnauthenticated job submission (LLM cost abuse); SSRF to internal services (blind, DNS-rebinding); exfiltration of the job result to an attacker-controlled webhook.\n\n## Suggested remediation\n- Authenticate the Jobs API by default (auto-generate a token / fail closed when binding non-loopback), like the gateway.\n- For `webhook_url`: resolve once, reject private/loopback/CGNAT/metadata, then pin and connect to the validated IP; disable redirects.",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-4249",
  "modified": "2026-10-15T14:38:01.172355Z",
  "published": "2026-10-15T10:22:53.067666Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-4w49-gwv8-fpjg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60091"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62175"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-before-unauthenticated-ssrf-via-webhook-url"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/praisonai"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-4w49-gwv8-fpjg"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI: Jobs API is unauthenticated by default and allows attacker-controlled webhook SSRF"
}

CVE-2026-60091 (GCVE-0-2026-60091)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 13:58 – Updated: 2026-07-10 17:00

Title

PraisonAI before 4.6.78 Unauthenticated SSRF via webhook_url

Summary

PraisonAI before 4.6.78 contains an unauthenticated server-side request forgery vulnerability in the Jobs API /api/v1/runs endpoint. The webhook_url parameter is validated at request time but re-resolved at connection time, allowing attackers to use DNS rebinding to reach internal services with a blind SSRF attack.

Severity

6.9 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-10 16:39 UTC

CWE

CWE-918 - Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7160 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/securi…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-be…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MervinPraison	PraisonAI	Affected: 0 , < 4.6.78 (semver) Unaffected: 4.6.78 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:praison:praisonai::::::::

Date Public

2026-06-25 00:00

Credits

dinhvaren

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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GHSA-4W49-GWV8-FPJG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-08 21:57 – Updated: 2026-10-08 21:57

Summary

PraisonAI: Jobs API is unauthenticated by default and allows attacker-controlled webhook SSRF

Details

Summary

Details

Affected component

Package: praisonai 4.6.63. Files: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py, jobs/router.py, jobs/executor.py, jobs/models.py.

Vulnerable code / root cause

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py

Function: create_app

Snippet:

jobs_api_key = os.environ.get("PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY")
# ...
if jobs_api_key:
    app.add_middleware(JobsAPIKeyMiddleware)   # auth ONLY when env var is set

Issue: with the env var unset (default), no auth middleware is added → all endpoints unauthenticated. Default bind is 127.0.0.1.

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/router.py

Function: submit_job

Snippet:

@router.post("", response_model=JobSubmitResponse, status_code=202)
async def submit_job(request, response, body: JobSubmitRequest, ...):
    # no auth dependency; body.webhook_url is attacker-controlled
    job = Job(prompt=body.prompt, webhook_url=body.webhook_url, ...)
    await executor.submit(job)

Issue: attacker-controlled webhook_url flows into the job with no authentication on the endpoint.

Path: src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/models.py (validator) and src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/executor.py (sink)

Function: validate_webhook_url → _send_webhook

Snippet:

# models.py validate_webhook_url (CHECK time)
ip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)
if ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_private or ...:
    raise ValueError("Webhook URL resolves to a private or restricted network address")

# executor.py _send_webhook (CONNECT time, re-resolves, no pinning)
async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:
    response = await client.post(job.webhook_url, json=payload, ...)

Attack flow

Operator runs the Jobs API without PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY (default → unauth).
Attacker POST /api/v1/runs with webhook_url = a rebinding domain.
The validator(s) see a public IP (pass); on completion httpx.post re-resolves to an internal IP and connects → SSRF to internal.

Why existing protection is bypassed

Security boundary

Unauthenticated network peer → server-side request to internal services (Scope: Changed). Default bind 127.0.0.1 limits remote reach unless the operator binds non-loopback.

Proof of Concept

Environment

Steps to reproduce

PRAI-04-01-Jobs-Submit-NoAuth: POST /api/v1/runs {"prompt":"hello"} → 202 (no auth).
PRAI-04-02-Jobs-Webhook-SSRF-Blind: POST /api/v1/runs {"prompt":"hello","webhook_url":"http://rebind.lab:8081/secret"} → 202.

Expected result

Unauthenticated job submission should be rejected; the webhook SSRF guard should prevent reaching internal services regardless of DNS timing.

Impact

Unauthenticated job submission (LLM cost abuse); SSRF to internal services (blind, DNS-rebinding); exfiltration of the job result to an attacker-controlled webhook.

Suggested remediation

Authenticate the Jobs API by default (auto-generate a token / fail closed when binding non-loopback), like the gateway.
For webhook_url: resolve once, reject private/loopback/CGNAT/metadata, then pin and connect to the validated IP; disable redirects.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.6.77"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "praisonai"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.6.78"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-60091"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-367",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-08T21:57:57Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-15T14:18:35Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nPraisonAI\u0027s Async Jobs API enables its API-key middleware **only when `PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY` is set**, so by default every endpoint is unauthenticated. An unauthenticated `POST /api/v1/runs` accepts an attacker-controlled `webhook_url`; on job completion the server POSTs the job payload to it via `httpx`. The `webhook_url` has an SSRF validator (`gethostbyname` + private-IP check), but it validates at request time while `httpx` re-resolves at connection time \u2014 a DNS-rebinding TOCTOU that reaches internal services. Runtime-confirmed as an **unauthenticated, blind** SSRF (the internal canary received the POST; the internal response is not returned to the attacker). Severity Medium.\n\n## Details\n\n### Affected component\n- Package: `praisonai` 4.6.63. Files: `src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py`, `jobs/router.py`, `jobs/executor.py`, `jobs/models.py`.\n\n### Vulnerable code / root cause\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/server.py`\n\nFunction:\n`create_app`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\njobs_api_key = os.environ.get(\"PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY\")\n# ...\nif jobs_api_key:\n    app.add_middleware(JobsAPIKeyMiddleware)   # auth ONLY when env var is set\n```\nIssue: with the env var unset (default), no auth middleware is added \u2192 all endpoints unauthenticated. Default bind is `127.0.0.1`.\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/router.py`\n\nFunction:\n`submit_job`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\n@router.post(\"\", response_model=JobSubmitResponse, status_code=202)\nasync def submit_job(request, response, body: JobSubmitRequest, ...):\n    # no auth dependency; body.webhook_url is attacker-controlled\n    job = Job(prompt=body.prompt, webhook_url=body.webhook_url, ...)\n    await executor.submit(job)\n```\nIssue: attacker-controlled `webhook_url` flows into the job with no authentication on the endpoint.\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/models.py` (validator) and `src/praisonai/praisonai/jobs/executor.py` (sink)\n\nFunction:\n`validate_webhook_url` \u2192 `_send_webhook`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\n# models.py validate_webhook_url (CHECK time)\nip = socket.gethostbyname(hostname)\nif ipaddress.ip_address(ip).is_private or ...:\n    raise ValueError(\"Webhook URL resolves to a private or restricted network address\")\n\n# executor.py _send_webhook (CONNECT time, re-resolves, no pinning)\nasync with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=30.0) as client:\n    response = await client.post(job.webhook_url, json=payload, ...)\n```\nIssue: the validator resolves the hostname at validation time but does not pin the IP for the `httpx.post` connection \u2192 DNS rebinding (independent resolution at check vs connect) bypasses it and reaches internal services.\n\n### Attack flow\n1. Operator runs the Jobs API without `PRAISONAI_JOBS_API_KEY` (default \u2192 unauth).\n2. Attacker `POST /api/v1/runs` with `webhook_url` = a rebinding domain.\n3. The validator(s) see a public IP (pass); on completion `httpx.post` re-resolves to an internal IP and connects \u2192 SSRF to internal.\n\n### Why existing protection is bypassed\nAuth is opt-in (only when the env var is set). The `webhook_url` validator resolves at check time but does not pin the IP for the connection \u2192 DNS-rebinding TOCTOU. (Correction to an earlier static note: the guard exists but is bypassable.)\n\n### Security boundary\nUnauthenticated network peer \u2192 server-side request to internal services (Scope: Changed). Default bind `127.0.0.1` limits remote reach unless the operator binds non-loopback.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n### Environment\nReal Jobs API (`python -m praisonai.jobs.server`, no API key) in a local runtime (`127.0.0.1:18085`), resolver pointed at the controlled rebinding DNS, internal canary Docker-internal only. Runnable assets: `PraisonAI-Runtime-Repro\\runtime-files\\` (`docker-compose.jobs.yml`).\n\n### Steps to reproduce\n1. `PRAI-04-01-Jobs-Submit-NoAuth`: `POST /api/v1/runs {\"prompt\":\"hello\"}` \u2192 `202` (no auth).\n2. `PRAI-04-02-Jobs-Webhook-SSRF-Blind`: `POST /api/v1/runs {\"prompt\":\"hello\",\"webhook_url\":\"http://rebind.lab:8081/secret\"}` \u2192 `202`.\n\n### Expected result\nUnauthenticated job submission should be rejected; the webhook SSRF guard should prevent reaching internal services regardless of DNS timing.\n\n## Impact\nUnauthenticated job submission (LLM cost abuse); SSRF to internal services (blind, DNS-rebinding); exfiltration of the job result to an attacker-controlled webhook.\n\n## Suggested remediation\n- Authenticate the Jobs API by default (auto-generate a token / fail closed when binding non-loopback), like the gateway.\n- For `webhook_url`: resolve once, reject private/loopback/CGNAT/metadata, then pin and connect to the validated IP; disable redirects.",
  "id": "GHSA-4w49-gwv8-fpjg",
  "modified": "2026-10-08T21:57:57Z",
  "published": "2026-10-08T21:57:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-4w49-gwv8-fpjg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-60091"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62175"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-before-unauthenticated-ssrf-via-webhook-url"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI: Jobs API is unauthenticated by default and allows attacker-controlled webhook SSRF"
}

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PYSEC-2026-4249

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CVE-2026-60091 (GCVE-0-2026-60091)

GHSA-4W49-GWV8-FPJG

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