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PYSEC-2021-141
Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2021-03-17 13:15 - Updated: 2021-08-27 03:22In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| Name | purl | pygments | pkg:pypi/pygments |
|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pygments",
"purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
}
],
"repo": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments",
"type": "GIT"
},
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.1",
"1.1.1",
"1.2",
"1.2.1",
"1.2.2",
"1.3",
"1.3.1",
"1.4",
"1.5",
"1.6",
"1.6rc1",
"2.0",
"2.0.1",
"2.0.2",
"2.0rc1",
"2.1",
"2.1.1",
"2.1.2",
"2.1.3",
"2.2.0",
"2.3.0",
"2.3.1",
"2.4.0",
"2.4.1",
"2.4.2",
"2.5.1",
"2.5.2",
"2.6.0",
"2.6.1",
"2.7.0",
"2.7.1",
"2.7.2",
"2.7.3"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27291",
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"
],
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "PYSEC-2021-141",
"modified": "2021-08-27T03:22:17.331175Z",
"published": "2021-03-17T13:15:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ/"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55/"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"
}
]
}
BREW-HARLEQUIN-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:55 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:07 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "harlequin",
"purl": "pkg:brew/harlequin"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-harlequin-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:07:19Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:55:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HATCH-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:56 – Updated: 2026-09-10 19:26 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "hatch",
"purl": "pkg:brew/hatch"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.18.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-hatch-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T19:26:02Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:56:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HERMES-AGENT-CVE-20… (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:56 – Updated: 2026-09-10 19:27 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "hermes-agent",
"purl": "pkg:brew/hermes-agent"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2026.8.3_1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-hermes-agent-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T19:27:17Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:56:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HOWDOI-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:56 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:08 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "howdoi",
"purl": "pkg:brew/howdoi"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.20_22"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-howdoi-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:08:26Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:56:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HTTP-PROMPT-CVE-202… (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:56 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:08 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "http-prompt",
"purl": "pkg:brew/http-prompt"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.0_20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-http-prompt-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:08:27Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:56:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HTTPIE-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:57 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:09 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "httpie",
"purl": "pkg:brew/httpie"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.2.4_11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-httpie-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:09:10Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:57:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HTTPTAP-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:57 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:09 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "httptap",
"purl": "pkg:brew/httptap"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.5.3_1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-httptap-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:09:10Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:57:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HTTPX2-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:57 – Updated: 2026-09-10 19:29 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "httpx2",
"purl": "pkg:brew/httpx2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.10.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-httpx2-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T19:29:23Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:57:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-HUMANBOUND-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:57 – Updated: 2026-09-10 00:09 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "humanbound",
"purl": "pkg:brew/humanbound"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-humanbound-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T00:09:59Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:57:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-IPYTHON-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 17:00 – Updated: 2026-09-17 17:44 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "ipython",
"purl": "pkg:brew/ipython"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.20.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-ipython-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-17T17:44:50Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T17:00:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.