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PYSEC-2021-141
Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2021-03-17 13:15 - Updated: 2021-08-27 03:22In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| Name | purl | pygments | pkg:pypi/pygments |
|---|
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pygments",
"purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
}
],
"repo": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments",
"type": "GIT"
},
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.1"
},
{
"fixed": "2.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.1",
"1.1.1",
"1.2",
"1.2.1",
"1.2.2",
"1.3",
"1.3.1",
"1.4",
"1.5",
"1.6",
"1.6rc1",
"2.0",
"2.0.1",
"2.0.2",
"2.0rc1",
"2.1",
"2.1.1",
"2.1.2",
"2.1.3",
"2.2.0",
"2.3.0",
"2.3.1",
"2.4.0",
"2.4.1",
"2.4.2",
"2.5.1",
"2.5.2",
"2.6.0",
"2.6.1",
"2.7.0",
"2.7.1",
"2.7.2",
"2.7.3"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27291",
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"
],
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "PYSEC-2021-141",
"modified": "2021-08-27T03:22:17.331175Z",
"published": "2021-03-17T13:15:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "FIX",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ/"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55/"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8"
}
]
}
BREW-AWS-SAM-CLI-CVE-202… (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-10 18:54 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "aws-sam-cli",
"purl": "pkg:brew/aws-sam-cli"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.165.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-aws-sam-cli-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T18:54:05Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-AWS-SHELL-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:42 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "aws-shell",
"purl": "pkg:brew/aws-shell"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.2.2_15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-aws-shell-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:42:43Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-AZURE-CLI-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-17 20:03 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "Pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "azure-cli",
"purl": "pkg:brew/azure-cli"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.17"
},
{
"fixed": "2.18.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "Pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-azure-cli-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-17T20:03:39Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BAGELS-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:43 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bagels",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bagels"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.3.12_14"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bagels-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:43:06Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BANDIT-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:43 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bandit",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bandit"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.9.4_1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bandit-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:43:07Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BBOT-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:43 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bbot",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bbot"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.21.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.21.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bbot-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:43:32Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BILIX-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:37 – Updated: 2026-09-10 18:55 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bilix",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bilix"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.18.9_10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bilix-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-10T18:55:49Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:37:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BITTENSOR-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:38 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:44 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bittensor",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bittensor"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.0.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bittensor-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:44:25Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:38:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BPYTHON-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:38 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:44 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "bpython",
"purl": "pkg:brew/bpython"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.26_6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-bpython-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:44:38Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:38:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
BREW-BTCLI-CVE-2021-27291 (GHSA-PQ64-V7F5-GQH8)
Vulnerability from osv_homebrew – Published: 2026-08-13 16:38 – Updated: 2026-09-09 23:44 – Source websiteIn pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.
| URL | Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"fix": "bump",
"range_state": "fixed",
"resource": "pygments",
"resource_purl": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"upstream_fixed_in": "2.7.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Homebrew",
"name": "btcli",
"purl": "pkg:brew/btcli"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "9.23.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"database_specific": {
"confidence": "high",
"source": "matched",
"strategy": "registry",
"upstream_evidence": [
{
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"key": "pkg:pypi/pygments@2.20.0",
"name": "pygments",
"resource": "pygments",
"strategy": "registry",
"subject_version": "2.20.0"
}
]
},
"details": "In pygments 1.1+, fixed in 2.7.4, the lexers used to parse programming languages rely heavily on regular expressions. Some of the regular expressions have exponential or cubic worst-case complexity and are vulnerable to ReDoS. By crafting malicious input, an attacker can cause a denial of service.",
"id": "BREW-btcli-CVE-2021-27291",
"modified": "2026-09-09T23:44:39Z",
"published": "2026-08-13T16:38:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27291"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments/commit/2e7e8c4a7b318f4032493773732754e418279a14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/b-c-ds/b1a2cc0c68a35c57188575eb496de5ce"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pygments/pygments"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/pygments/PYSEC-2021-141.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/03/msg00024.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00003.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/05/msg00006.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/GSJRFHALQ7E3UV4FFMFU2YQ6LUDHAI55"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/WSLD67LFGXOX2K5YNESSWAS4AGZIJTUQ"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4878"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4889"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.7.3",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Pygments vulnerable to Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS)",
"upstream": [
"GHSA-pq64-v7f5-gqh8",
"CVE-2021-27291",
"PYSEC-2021-141"
]
}
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.