Vulnerability-Lookup

OESA-2025-2449 (CVE-2025-40928)

Vulnerability from osv_openeuler – Published: 2025-10-17 11:09 – Updated: 2026-08-06 11:09 – Source website

Summary

perl-JSON-XS security update

Details

This module converts Perl data structures to JSON and vice versa. Its primary goal is to be correct and its secondary goal is to be fast. To reach the latter goal it was written in C.

Security Fix(es):

JSON::XS before version 4.04 for Perl has an integer buffer overflow causing a segfault when parsing crafted JSON, enabling denial-of-service attacks or other unspecified impact(CVE-2025-40928)

Severity

7.5 (High)


                    
                      CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

References

URL

Type

	https://www.openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bu…	ADVISORY
	https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40928	ADVISORY

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "ecosystem_specific": {
        "aarch64": [
          "perl-JSON-XS-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.aarch64.rpm",
          "perl-JSON-XS-debuginfo-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.aarch64.rpm",
          "perl-JSON-XS-debugsource-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.aarch64.rpm"
        ],
        "noarch": [
          "perl-JSON-XS-help-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.noarch.rpm"
        ],
        "src": [
          "perl-JSON-XS-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.src.rpm"
        ],
        "x86_64": [
          "perl-JSON-XS-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.x86_64.rpm",
          "perl-JSON-XS-debuginfo-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.x86_64.rpm",
          "perl-JSON-XS-debugsource-4.03-2.oe2203sp3.x86_64.rpm"
        ]
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "openEuler:22.03-LTS-SP3",
        "name": "perl-JSON-XS",
        "purl": "pkg:rpm/openEuler/perl-JSON-XS\u0026distro=openEuler-22.03-LTS-SP3"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.03-2.oe2203sp3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "This module converts Perl data structures to JSON and vice versa. Its primary goal is to be correct and its secondary goal is to be fast. To reach the latter goal it was written in C.\r\n\r\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\nJSON::XS before version 4.04 for Perl has an integer buffer overflow causing a segfault when parsing crafted JSON, enabling denial-of-service attacks or other unspecified impact(CVE-2025-40928)",
  "id": "OESA-2025-2449",
  "modified": "2026-08-06T11:09:32Z",
  "published": "2025-10-17T11:09:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://www.openeuler.org/zh/security/security-bulletins/detail/?id=openEuler-SA-2025-2449"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-40928"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.7.2",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "perl-JSON-XS security update",
  "upstream": [
    "CVE-2025-40928"
  ]
}

CVE-2025-40928 (GCVE-0-2025-40928)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-08 15:08 – Updated: 2025-11-04 21:10

Title

JSON::XS before version 4.04 for Perl has an integer buffer overflow causing a segfault when parsing crafted JSON, enabling denial-of-service attacks or other unspecified impact

Summary

JSON::XS before version 4.04 for Perl has an integer buffer overflow causing a segfault when parsing crafted JSON, enabling denial-of-service attacks or other unspecified impact

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-09-08 15:52 UTC

CWE

CWE-122 - Heap-based Buffer Overflow

Assigner

CPANSec CNA under the redhat root

CNA scorecard C 62/100 over 342 records in the last 180 days details

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://metacpan.org/release/MLEHMANN/JSON-XS-4.0…	related
https://security.metacpan.org/patches/J/JSON-XS/4…	patch
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/08/2

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
MLEHMANN	JSON::XS	Affected: 0 , < 4.04 (custom)

Credits

Michael Hudak of rasotec

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.5,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "NONE",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-40928",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-09-08T15:52:04.063980Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-08T18:47:47.992Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:10:22.058Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/09/msg00033.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/08/2"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://cpan.org/modules",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "JSON-XS",
          "product": "JSON::XS",
          "programFiles": [
            "XS.xs"
          ],
          "repo": "https://cvs.schmorp.de/JSON-XS/",
          "vendor": "MLEHMANN",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.04",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
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        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "Michael Hudak of rasotec"
        }
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          "descriptions": [
            {
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              "lang": "en",
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-09-08T15:08:21.860Z",
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      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "related"
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          "url": "https://metacpan.org/release/MLEHMANN/JSON-XS-4.03/source/XS.xs#L256"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.metacpan.org/patches/J/JSON-XS/4.03/CVE-2025-40928-r1.patch"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Update to 4.04, or apply the provided patch"
            }
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          "value": "Update to 4.04, or apply the provided patch"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "9b29abf9-4ab0-4765-b253-1875cd9b441e",
    "assignerShortName": "CPANSec",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-40928",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-08T15:08:21.860Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T09:05:34.363Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-11-04T21:10:22.058Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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