{
  "document": {
    "category": "csaf_vex",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Public",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en-US",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "To determine the support lifecycle for your software, see the Microsoft Support Lifecycle: https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle",
        "title": "Additional Resources"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "The information provided in the Microsoft Knowledge Base is provided \\\"as is\\\" without warranty of any kind. Microsoft disclaims all warranties, either express or implied, including the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. In no event shall Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers be liable for any damages whatsoever including direct, indirect, incidental, consequential, loss of business profits or special damages, even if Microsoft Corporation or its suppliers have been advised of the possibility of such damages. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages so the foregoing limitation may not apply.",
        "title": "Disclaimer"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "vendor",
      "contact_details": "secure@microsoft.com",
      "name": "Microsoft Security Response Center",
      "namespace": "https://msrc.microsoft.com"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "CVE-2025-23166 The C++ method SignTraits::DeriveBits() may incorrectly call ThrowException() based on user-supplied inputs when executing in a background thread, crashing the Node.js process. Such cryptographic operations are commonly applied to untrusted inputs. Thus, this mechanism potentially allows an adversary to remotely crash a Node.js runtime. - VEX",
        "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-23166.json"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Microsoft Support Lifecycle",
        "url": "https://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "Common Vulnerability Scoring System",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/cvss"
      }
    ],
    "title": "The C++ method SignTraits::DeriveBits() may incorrectly call ThrowException() based on user-supplied inputs when executing in a background thread, crashing the Node.js process. Such cryptographic operations are commonly applied to untrusted inputs. Thus, this mechanism potentially allows an adversary to remotely crash a Node.js runtime.",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-02-21T02:59:41.000Z",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2026-05-22T08:16:17.880Z",
        "engine": {
          "name": "MSRC Generator",
          "version": "1.0"
        }
      },
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2025-23166",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-05-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2025-07-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "1",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Information published."
        },
        {
          "date": "2025-07-18T00:00:00.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "2",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Added nodejs18 to CBL-Mariner 2.0\nAdded nodejs to Azure Linux 3.0"
        },
        {
          "date": "2026-02-21T02:59:41.000Z",
          "legacy_version": "2.1",
          "number": "3",
          "summary": "Information published."
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "3"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "3.0",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Azure Linux 3.0",
                  "product_id": "17084"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "2.0",
                "product": {
                  "name": "CBL Mariner 2.0",
                  "product_id": "17086"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "Azure Linux"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003cazl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "\u003cazl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3",
                  "product_id": "1"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "azl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3",
                "product": {
                  "name": "azl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3",
                  "product_id": "19904"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "nodejs"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version_range",
                "name": "\u003ccbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2",
                "product": {
                  "name": "\u003ccbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2",
                  "product_id": "2"
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "cbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2",
                "product": {
                  "name": "cbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2",
                  "product_id": "19873"
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_name",
            "name": "nodejs18"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Microsoft"
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "\u003cazl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "17084-1"
        },
        "product_reference": "1",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "azl3 nodejs 0:20.14.0-9.azl3 as a component of Azure Linux 3.0",
          "product_id": "19904-17084"
        },
        "product_reference": "19904",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17084"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "\u003ccbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2 as a component of CBL Mariner 2.0",
          "product_id": "17086-2"
        },
        "product_reference": "2",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17086"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "cbl2 nodejs18 0:18.20.3-6.cbl2 as a component of CBL Mariner 2.0",
          "product_id": "19873-17086"
        },
        "product_reference": "19873",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "17086"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-23166",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-248",
        "name": "Uncaught Exception"
      },
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "hackerone",
          "title": "Assigning CNA"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "19904-17084",
          "19873-17086"
        ],
        "known_affected": [
          "17084-1",
          "17086-2"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "CVE-2025-23166 The C++ method SignTraits::DeriveBits() may incorrectly call ThrowException() based on user-supplied inputs when executing in a background thread, crashing the Node.js process. Such cryptographic operations are commonly applied to untrusted inputs. Thus, this mechanism potentially allows an adversary to remotely crash a Node.js runtime. - VEX",
          "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-23166.json"
        }
      ],
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2025-07-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "details": "0:20.14.0-9.azl3:Security Update:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade",
          "product_ids": [
            "17084-1"
          ],
          "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade"
        },
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2025-07-11T00:00:00.000Z",
          "details": "0:18.20.3-7.cbl2:Security Update:https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade",
          "product_ids": [
            "17086-2"
          ],
          "url": "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-linux/tutorial-azure-linux-upgrade"
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "environmentalsScore": 0.0,
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "temporalScore": 7.5,
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "17084-1",
            "17086-2"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "title": "The C++ method SignTraits::DeriveBits() may incorrectly call ThrowException() based on user-supplied inputs when executing in a background thread, crashing the Node.js process. Such cryptographic operations are commonly applied to untrusted inputs. Thus, this mechanism potentially allows an adversary to remotely crash a Node.js runtime."
    }
  ]
}