GSD-2021-22942
Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2021-08-19 00:00Details
There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization
middleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE
identifier CVE-2021-22942.
Versions Affected: >= 6.0.0.
Not affected: < 6.0.0
Fixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1
Impact
------
Specially crafted “X-Forwarded-Host” headers in combination with certain
“allowed host” formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in
Action Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.
Impacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.
For example, configuration files that look like this:
```ruby
config.hosts << '.EXAMPLE.com'
```
When an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted
Host header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.
This vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not
take in to account domain name case sensitivity.
Releases
--------
The fixed releases are available at the normal locations.
Workarounds
-----------
In the case a patch can’t be applied, the following monkey patch can be
used in an initializer:
```ruby
module ActionDispatch
class HostAuthorization
HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\]/i
VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/
VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\d+)?\z/
private
def authorized?(request)
origin_host =
request.get_header("HTTP_HOST")&.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || ""
forwarded_host =
request.x_forwarded_host&.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || ""
@permissions.allows?(origin_host) &&
(forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))
end
end
end
```
Aliases
Aliases
{
"GSD": {
"alias": "CVE-2021-22942",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"id": "GSD-2021-22942",
"references": [
"https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2021-22942.html",
"https://security.archlinux.org/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
]
},
"gsd": {
"metadata": {
"exploitCode": "unknown",
"remediation": "unknown",
"reportConfidence": "confirmed",
"type": "vulnerability"
},
"osvSchema": {
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "actionpack",
"purl": "pkg:gem/actionpack"
}
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22942",
"GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c"
],
"details": "There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization\nmiddleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE\nidentifier CVE-2021-22942.\n\nVersions Affected: \u003e= 6.0.0.\nNot affected: \u003c 6.0.0\nFixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1\n\nImpact\n------\n\nSpecially crafted \u201cX-Forwarded-Host\u201d headers in combination with certain\n\u201callowed host\u201d formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in\nAction Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.\n\nImpacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.\nFor example, configuration files that look like this:\n\n```ruby\nconfig.hosts \u003c\u003c \u0027.EXAMPLE.com\u0027\n```\n\nWhen an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted\nHost header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.\n\nThis vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not\ntake in to account domain name case sensitivity.\n\nReleases\n--------\n\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nIn the case a patch can\u2019t be applied, the following monkey patch can be\nused in an initializer:\n\n```ruby\nmodule ActionDispatch\n class HostAuthorization\n HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\\]/i\n VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n\n private\n def authorized?(request)\n origin_host =\n request.get_header(\"HTTP_HOST\")\u0026.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n forwarded_host =\n request.x_forwarded_host\u0026.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n @permissions.allows?(origin_host) \u0026\u0026\n (forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))\n end\n end\nend\n```\n",
"id": "GSD-2021-22942",
"modified": "2021-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
"published": "2021-08-19T00:00:00.000Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c"
}
],
"related": [
"CVE-2021-22881"
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": 7.6,
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware"
}
},
"namespaces": {
"cve.org": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "support@hackerone.com",
"ID": "CVE-2021-22942",
"STATE": "PUBLIC"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "https://github.com/rails/rails",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"version_value": "6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "n/a"
}
]
}
},
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website."
}
]
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "Open Redirect (CWE-601)"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
},
{
"name": "[oss-security] 20211214 [CVE-2021-44528] Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware",
"refsource": "MLIST",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5"
},
{
"name": "DSA-5372",
"refsource": "DEBIAN",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
},
{
"name": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/",
"refsource": "CONFIRM",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/"
}
]
}
},
"github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db": {
"cve": "2021-22942",
"cvss_v3": 7.6,
"date": "2021-08-19",
"description": "There is a possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization\nmiddleware in Action Pack. This vulnerability has been assigned the CVE\nidentifier CVE-2021-22942.\n\nVersions Affected: \u003e= 6.0.0.\nNot affected: \u003c 6.0.0\nFixed Versions: 6.1.4.1, 6.0.4.1\n\nImpact\n------\n\nSpecially crafted \u201cX-Forwarded-Host\u201d headers in combination with certain\n\u201callowed host\u201d formats can cause the Host Authorization middleware in\nAction Pack to redirect users to a malicious website.\n\nImpacted applications will have allowed hosts with a leading dot.\nFor example, configuration files that look like this:\n\n```ruby\nconfig.hosts \u003c\u003c \u0027.EXAMPLE.com\u0027\n```\n\nWhen an allowed host contains a leading dot, a specially crafted\nHost header can be used to redirect to a malicious website.\n\nThis vulnerability is similar to CVE-2021-22881, but CVE-2021-22881 did not\ntake in to account domain name case sensitivity.\n\nReleases\n--------\n\nThe fixed releases are available at the normal locations.\n\nWorkarounds\n-----------\n\nIn the case a patch can\u2019t be applied, the following monkey patch can be\nused in an initializer:\n\n```ruby\nmodule ActionDispatch\n class HostAuthorization\n HOSTNAME = /[a-z0-9.-]+|\\[[a-f0-9]*:[a-f0-9.:]+\\]/i\n VALID_ORIGIN_HOST = /\\A(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n VALID_FORWARDED_HOST = /(?:\\A|,[]?)(#{HOSTNAME})(?::\\d+)?\\z/\n\n private\n def authorized?(request)\n origin_host =\n request.get_header(\"HTTP_HOST\")\u0026.slice(VALID_ORIGIN_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n forwarded_host =\n request.x_forwarded_host\u0026.slice(VALID_FORWARDED_HOST, 1) || \"\"\n @permissions.allows?(origin_host) \u0026\u0026\n (forwarded_host.blank? || @permissions.allows?(forwarded_host))\n end\n end\nend\n```\n",
"framework": "rails",
"gem": "actionpack",
"ghsa": "2rqw-v265-jf8c",
"patched_versions": [
"~\u003e 6.0.4, \u003e= 6.0.4.1",
"\u003e= 6.1.4.1"
],
"related": {
"cve": [
"2021-22881"
]
},
"title": "Possible Open Redirect in Host Authorization Middleware",
"unaffected_versions": [
"\u003c 6.0.0"
],
"url": "https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c"
},
"gitlab.com": {
"advisories": [
{
"affected_range": "\u003e=6.0.0 \u003c=6.0.4||\u003e=6.1.0 \u003c=6.1.4",
"affected_versions": "All versions starting from 6.0.0 up to 6.0.4, all versions starting from 6.1.0 up to 6.1.4",
"cvss_v2": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1035",
"CWE-601",
"CWE-937"
],
"date": "2021-12-15",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"fixed_versions": [
"6.0.4.1",
"6.1.4.1"
],
"identifier": "CVE-2021-22942",
"identifiers": [
"GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c",
"CVE-2021-22942"
],
"not_impacted": "All versions before 6.0.0, all versions after 6.0.4 before 6.1.0, all versions after 6.1.4",
"package_slug": "gem/actionpack",
"pubdate": "2021-08-26",
"solution": "Upgrade to versions 6.0.4.1, 6.1.4.1 or above.",
"title": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"urls": [
"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-22942",
"https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/actionpack/CVE-2021-22942.yml",
"https://groups.google.com/g/rubyonrails-security/c/wB5tRn7h36c",
"https://rubygems.org/gems/actionpack",
"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/",
"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5",
"https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-2rqw-v265-jf8c"
],
"uuid": "38e3f4f9-ca8c-4d72-974a-d8e9904bb847"
},
{
"affected_range": "\u003e=6.0.0 \u003c6.0.4.1||\u003e=6.1.0 \u003c6.1.4.1",
"affected_versions": "All versions starting from 6.0.0 before 6.0.4.1, all versions starting from 6.1.0 before 6.1.4.1",
"cvss_v2": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"cvss_v3": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1035",
"CWE-601",
"CWE-937"
],
"date": "2023-03-14",
"description": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website.",
"fixed_versions": [
"6.0.4.1",
"6.1.4.1"
],
"identifier": "CVE-2021-22942",
"identifiers": [
"CVE-2021-22942"
],
"not_impacted": "All versions before 6.0.0, all versions starting from 6.0.4.1 before 6.1.0, all versions starting from 6.1.4.1",
"package_slug": "gem/rails",
"pubdate": "2021-10-18",
"solution": "Upgrade to versions 6.0.4.1, 6.1.4.1 or above.",
"title": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
"urls": [
"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22942",
"https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
],
"uuid": "e453405c-629c-4052-99c3-d335c8790563"
}
]
},
"nvd.nist.gov": {
"cve": {
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "8AB5441B-36FB-4F96-B958-E36F4A15E510",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.0.4.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.0.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rubyonrails:rails:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "9D495715-8C1F-4734-AA73-A6F82E181AF2",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.1.4.1",
"versionStartIncluding": "6.1.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A possible open redirect vulnerability in the Host Authorization middleware in Action Pack \u003e= 6.0.0 that could allow attackers to redirect users to a malicious website."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Se presenta una posible vulnerabilidad de redireccionamiento abierto en el middleware Host Authorization de Action Pack versiones posteriores a 6.0.0 incluy\u00e9ndola, que podr\u00eda permitir a atacantes redirigir a usuarios a un sitio web malicioso"
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-22942",
"lastModified": "2024-02-02T14:15:53.073",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV2": [
{
"acInsufInfo": false,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"cvssData": {
"accessComplexity": "MEDIUM",
"accessVector": "NETWORK",
"authentication": "NONE",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.8,
"confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 8.6,
"impactScore": 4.9,
"obtainAllPrivilege": false,
"obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
"obtainUserPrivilege": false,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary",
"userInteractionRequired": true
}
],
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 2.7,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2021-10-18T13:15:09.323",
"references": [
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Mailing List",
"Patch",
"Third Party Advisory"
],
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2021/12/14/5"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20240202-0005/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"tags": [
"Mitigation",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2021/8/19/Rails-6-0-4-1-and-6-1-4-1-have-been-released/"
},
{
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5372"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "support@hackerone.com",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-601"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-601"
}
],
"source": "support@hackerone.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.