Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-V4CQ-578J-QHHM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-25 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-19 21:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

optee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context

The OP-TEE driver registers the function notif_callback() for FF-A notifications. However, this function is called in an atomic context leading to errors like this when processing asynchronous notifications:

Fix this by adding work queue to process the notification in a non-atomic context.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-38374"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-25T13:15:26Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\noptee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context\n\nThe OP-TEE driver registers the function notif_callback() for FF-A\nnotifications. However, this function is called in an atomic context\nleading to errors like this when processing asynchronous notifications:\n\n | BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/mutex.c:258\n | in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 9, name: kworker/0:0\n | preempt_count: 1, expected: 0\n | RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0\n | CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.14.0-00019-g657536ebe0aa #13\n | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n | Workqueue: ffa_pcpu_irq_notification notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn\n | Call trace:\n |  show_stack+0x18/0x24 (C)\n |  dump_stack_lvl+0x78/0x90\n |  dump_stack+0x18/0x24\n |  __might_resched+0x114/0x170\n |  __might_sleep+0x48/0x98\n |  mutex_lock+0x24/0x80\n |  optee_get_msg_arg+0x7c/0x21c\n |  simple_call_with_arg+0x50/0xc0\n |  optee_do_bottom_half+0x14/0x20\n |  notif_callback+0x3c/0x48\n |  handle_notif_callbacks+0x9c/0xe0\n |  notif_get_and_handle+0x40/0x88\n |  generic_exec_single+0x80/0xc0\n |  smp_call_function_single+0xfc/0x1a0\n |  notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn+0x2c/0x38\n |  process_one_work+0x14c/0x2b4\n |  worker_thread+0x2e4/0x3e0\n |  kthread+0x13c/0x210\n |  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\nFix this by adding work queue to process the notification in a\nnon-atomic context.",
  "id": "GHSA-v4cq-578j-qhhm",
  "modified": "2025-11-19T21:31:16Z",
  "published": "2025-07-25T15:30:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-38374"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/312d02adb959ea199372f375ada06e0186f651e4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f28563f0c6862c99eb115c918421d9b73f137ad"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f27cf15783bd60063c6c97434cbd67ebd91d8db5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-38374 (GCVE-0-2025-38374)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-25 12:53 – Updated: 2026-05-11 21:26

Title

optee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: optee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context The OP-TEE driver registers the function notif_callback() for FF-A notifications. However, this function is called in an atomic context leading to errors like this when processing asynchronous notifications: | BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/mutex.c:258 | in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 9, name: kworker/0:0 | preempt_count: 1, expected: 0 | RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0 | CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.14.0-00019-g657536ebe0aa #13 | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) | Workqueue: ffa_pcpu_irq_notification notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn | Call trace: | show_stack+0x18/0x24 (C) | dump_stack_lvl+0x78/0x90 | dump_stack+0x18/0x24 | __might_resched+0x114/0x170 | __might_sleep+0x48/0x98 | mutex_lock+0x24/0x80 | optee_get_msg_arg+0x7c/0x21c | simple_call_with_arg+0x50/0xc0 | optee_do_bottom_half+0x14/0x20 | notif_callback+0x3c/0x48 | handle_notif_callbacks+0x9c/0xe0 | notif_get_and_handle+0x40/0x88 | generic_exec_single+0x80/0xc0 | smp_call_function_single+0xfc/0x1a0 | notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn+0x2c/0x38 | process_one_work+0x14c/0x2b4 | worker_thread+0x2e4/0x3e0 | kthread+0x13c/0x210 | ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 Fix this by adding work queue to process the notification in a non-atomic context.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5f28563f0c6862c99…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f27cf15783bd60063…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/312d02adb959ea199…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: d0476a59de064205f4aaa8f7c6d6f32bc28a44d4 , < 5f28563f0c6862c99eb115c918421d9b73f137ad (git) Affected: d0476a59de064205f4aaa8f7c6d6f32bc28a44d4 , < f27cf15783bd60063c6c97434cbd67ebd91d8db5 (git) Affected: d0476a59de064205f4aaa8f7c6d6f32bc28a44d4 , < 312d02adb959ea199372f375ada06e0186f651e4 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.8 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.8 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.37 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.15.6 , ≤ 6.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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JSON

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{
  "containers": {
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      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/tee/optee/ffa_abi.c",
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          "versions": [
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "f27cf15783bd60063c6c97434cbd67ebd91d8db5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d0476a59de064205f4aaa8f7c6d6f32bc28a44d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "312d02adb959ea199372f375ada06e0186f651e4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d0476a59de064205f4aaa8f7c6d6f32bc28a44d4",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
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        },
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          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.8"
            },
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
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            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.16",
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            }
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        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
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          "nodes": [
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              "cpeMatch": [
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.8",
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                }
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              "operator": "OR"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\noptee: ffa: fix sleep in atomic context\n\nThe OP-TEE driver registers the function notif_callback() for FF-A\nnotifications. However, this function is called in an atomic context\nleading to errors like this when processing asynchronous notifications:\n\n | BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/locking/mutex.c:258\n | in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 1, non_block: 0, pid: 9, name: kworker/0:0\n | preempt_count: 1, expected: 0\n | RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0\n | CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 9 Comm: kworker/0:0 Not tainted 6.14.0-00019-g657536ebe0aa #13\n | Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n | Workqueue: ffa_pcpu_irq_notification notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn\n | Call trace:\n |  show_stack+0x18/0x24 (C)\n |  dump_stack_lvl+0x78/0x90\n |  dump_stack+0x18/0x24\n |  __might_resched+0x114/0x170\n |  __might_sleep+0x48/0x98\n |  mutex_lock+0x24/0x80\n |  optee_get_msg_arg+0x7c/0x21c\n |  simple_call_with_arg+0x50/0xc0\n |  optee_do_bottom_half+0x14/0x20\n |  notif_callback+0x3c/0x48\n |  handle_notif_callbacks+0x9c/0xe0\n |  notif_get_and_handle+0x40/0x88\n |  generic_exec_single+0x80/0xc0\n |  smp_call_function_single+0xfc/0x1a0\n |  notif_pcpu_irq_work_fn+0x2c/0x38\n |  process_one_work+0x14c/0x2b4\n |  worker_thread+0x2e4/0x3e0\n |  kthread+0x13c/0x210\n |  ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\nFix this by adding work queue to process the notification in a\nnon-atomic context."
        }
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/312d02adb959ea199372f375ada06e0186f651e4"
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-38374",
    "datePublished": "2025-07-25T12:53:16.785Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:24.009Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T21:26:45.292Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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