Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-V39P-WRRC-5J75

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-07-19 18:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow

tcf_mirred_act() checks sched_mirred_nest against MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT (4) to prevent deep recursion. However, when the action uses blockcast (tcfm_blockid != 0), the function returns at the tcf_blockcast() call BEFORE reaching the counter increment. As a result, the recursion counter never advances and the limit check is entirely bypassed.

When two devices share a TC egress block with a mirred blockcast rule, a packet egressing on device A is mirrored to device B via blockcast; device B's egress TC re-enters tcf_mirred_act() via blockcast and mirrors back to A, creating an unbounded recursion loop:

tcf_mirred_act -> tcf_blockcast -> tcf_mirred_to_dev -> dev_queue_xmit -> sch_handle_egress -> tcf_classify -> tcf_mirred_act -> (repeat)

This recursion continues until the kernel stack overflows.

The bug is reachable from an unprivileged user via unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET): user namespaces grant CAP_NET_ADMIN in the new network namespace, which is sufficient to create dummy devices, attach clsact qdiscs with shared blocks, and install mirred blockcast filters.

BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at ffffc90000b7fff8 Oops: stack guard page: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 2 UID: 1000 PID: 169 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-next-20260410 RIP: 0010:xas_find+0x17/0x480 Call Trace: xa_find+0x17b/0x1d0 tcf_mirred_act+0x640/0x1060 tcf_action_exec+0x400/0x530 basic_classify+0x128/0x1d0 tcf_classify+0xd83/0x1150 tc_run+0x328/0x620 __dev_queue_xmit+0x797/0x3100 tcf_mirred_to_dev+0x7b1/0xf70 tcf_mirred_act+0x68a/0x1060 [repeating ~30+ times until stack overflow] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt

Fix this by incrementing sched_mirred_nest before calling tcf_blockcast() and decrementing it on return, mirroring the non-blockcast path. This ensures subsequent recursive entries see the updated counter and are correctly limited by MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-63981"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-19T16:17:17Z",
    "severity": null
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow\n\ntcf_mirred_act() checks sched_mirred_nest against MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT (4)\nto prevent deep recursion.  However, when the action uses blockcast\n(tcfm_blockid != 0), the function returns at the tcf_blockcast() call\nBEFORE reaching the counter increment.  As a result, the recursion\ncounter never advances and the limit check is entirely bypassed.\n\nWhen two devices share a TC egress block with a mirred blockcast rule,\na packet egressing on device A is mirrored to device B via blockcast;\ndevice B\u0027s egress TC re-enters tcf_mirred_act() via blockcast and\nmirrors back to A, creating an unbounded recursion loop:\n\n  tcf_mirred_act -\u003e tcf_blockcast -\u003e tcf_mirred_to_dev -\u003e dev_queue_xmit\n  -\u003e sch_handle_egress -\u003e tcf_classify -\u003e tcf_mirred_act -\u003e (repeat)\n\nThis recursion continues until the kernel stack overflows.\n\nThe bug is reachable from an unprivileged user via\nunshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET): user namespaces grant\nCAP_NET_ADMIN in the new network namespace, which is sufficient to\ncreate dummy devices, attach clsact qdiscs with shared blocks, and\ninstall mirred blockcast filters.\n\n BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at ffffc90000b7fff8\n Oops: stack guard page: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 2 UID: 1000 PID: 169 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-next-20260410\n RIP: 0010:xas_find+0x17/0x480\n Call Trace:\n  xa_find+0x17b/0x1d0\n  tcf_mirred_act+0x640/0x1060\n  tcf_action_exec+0x400/0x530\n  basic_classify+0x128/0x1d0\n  tcf_classify+0xd83/0x1150\n  tc_run+0x328/0x620\n  __dev_queue_xmit+0x797/0x3100\n  tcf_mirred_to_dev+0x7b1/0xf70\n  tcf_mirred_act+0x68a/0x1060\n  [repeating ~30+ times until stack overflow]\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt\n\nFix this by incrementing sched_mirred_nest before calling\ntcf_blockcast() and decrementing it on return, mirroring the\nnon-blockcast path.  This ensures subsequent recursive entries see the\nupdated counter and are correctly limited by MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT.",
  "id": "GHSA-v39p-wrrc-5j75",
  "modified": "2026-07-19T18:31:48Z",
  "published": "2026-07-19T18:31:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-63981"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25fc9352590f5ef21ebf290432bd768b336693bc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34457de389fb64a01fdcc71177dfebe65fd2d362"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a005fa5d7502eefec7ee6e1c01adadc06de2f9ad"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

CVE-2026-63981 (GCVE-0-2026-63981)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 14:56 – Updated: 2026-07-19 14:56

Title

net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow tcf_mirred_act() checks sched_mirred_nest against MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT (4) to prevent deep recursion. However, when the action uses blockcast (tcfm_blockid != 0), the function returns at the tcf_blockcast() call BEFORE reaching the counter increment. As a result, the recursion counter never advances and the limit check is entirely bypassed. When two devices share a TC egress block with a mirred blockcast rule, a packet egressing on device A is mirrored to device B via blockcast; device B's egress TC re-enters tcf_mirred_act() via blockcast and mirrors back to A, creating an unbounded recursion loop: tcf_mirred_act -> tcf_blockcast -> tcf_mirred_to_dev -> dev_queue_xmit -> sch_handle_egress -> tcf_classify -> tcf_mirred_act -> (repeat) This recursion continues until the kernel stack overflows. The bug is reachable from an unprivileged user via unshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET): user namespaces grant CAP_NET_ADMIN in the new network namespace, which is sufficient to create dummy devices, attach clsact qdiscs with shared blocks, and install mirred blockcast filters. BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at ffffc90000b7fff8 Oops: stack guard page: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 2 UID: 1000 PID: 169 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-next-20260410 RIP: 0010:xas_find+0x17/0x480 Call Trace: xa_find+0x17b/0x1d0 tcf_mirred_act+0x640/0x1060 tcf_action_exec+0x400/0x530 basic_classify+0x128/0x1d0 tcf_classify+0xd83/0x1150 tc_run+0x328/0x620 __dev_queue_xmit+0x797/0x3100 tcf_mirred_to_dev+0x7b1/0xf70 tcf_mirred_act+0x68a/0x1060 [repeating ~30+ times until stack overflow] Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt Fix this by incrementing sched_mirred_nest before calling tcf_blockcast() and decrementing it on return, mirroring the non-blockcast path. This ensures subsequent recursive entries see the updated counter and are correctly limited by MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT.

Severity

No CVSS data available.

Assigner

Linux

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25fc9352590f5ef21…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34457de389fb64a01…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a005fa5d7502eefec…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 906736728cea480a85803c67fafb1b0e78491922 , < 25fc9352590f5ef21ebf290432bd768b336693bc (git) Affected: fe946a751d9b52b7c45ca34899723b314b79b249 , < 34457de389fb64a01fdcc71177dfebe65fd2d362 (git) Affected: fe946a751d9b52b7c45ca34899723b314b79b249 , < a005fa5d7502eefec7ee6e1c01adadc06de2f9ad (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.19 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.19 (semver) Unaffected: 7.0.12 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/act_mirred.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "25fc9352590f5ef21ebf290432bd768b336693bc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "906736728cea480a85803c67fafb1b0e78491922",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "34457de389fb64a01fdcc71177dfebe65fd2d362",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "fe946a751d9b52b7c45ca34899723b314b79b249",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a005fa5d7502eefec7ee6e1c01adadc06de2f9ad",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "fe946a751d9b52b7c45ca34899723b314b79b249",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/sched/act_mirred.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.19"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.19",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0.12",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0.12",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.1",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow\n\ntcf_mirred_act() checks sched_mirred_nest against MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT (4)\nto prevent deep recursion.  However, when the action uses blockcast\n(tcfm_blockid != 0), the function returns at the tcf_blockcast() call\nBEFORE reaching the counter increment.  As a result, the recursion\ncounter never advances and the limit check is entirely bypassed.\n\nWhen two devices share a TC egress block with a mirred blockcast rule,\na packet egressing on device A is mirrored to device B via blockcast;\ndevice B\u0027s egress TC re-enters tcf_mirred_act() via blockcast and\nmirrors back to A, creating an unbounded recursion loop:\n\n  tcf_mirred_act -\u003e tcf_blockcast -\u003e tcf_mirred_to_dev -\u003e dev_queue_xmit\n  -\u003e sch_handle_egress -\u003e tcf_classify -\u003e tcf_mirred_act -\u003e (repeat)\n\nThis recursion continues until the kernel stack overflows.\n\nThe bug is reachable from an unprivileged user via\nunshare(CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET): user namespaces grant\nCAP_NET_ADMIN in the new network namespace, which is sufficient to\ncreate dummy devices, attach clsact qdiscs with shared blocks, and\ninstall mirred blockcast filters.\n\n BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit at ffffc90000b7fff8\n Oops: stack guard page: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 2 UID: 1000 PID: 169 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc7-next-20260410\n RIP: 0010:xas_find+0x17/0x480\n Call Trace:\n  xa_find+0x17b/0x1d0\n  tcf_mirred_act+0x640/0x1060\n  tcf_action_exec+0x400/0x530\n  basic_classify+0x128/0x1d0\n  tcf_classify+0xd83/0x1150\n  tc_run+0x328/0x620\n  __dev_queue_xmit+0x797/0x3100\n  tcf_mirred_to_dev+0x7b1/0xf70\n  tcf_mirred_act+0x68a/0x1060\n  [repeating ~30+ times until stack overflow]\n Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception in interrupt\n\nFix this by incrementing sched_mirred_nest before calling\ntcf_blockcast() and decrementing it on return, mirroring the\nnon-blockcast path.  This ensures subsequent recursive entries see the\nupdated counter and are correctly limited by MIRRED_NEST_LIMIT."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-19T14:56:04.580Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/25fc9352590f5ef21ebf290432bd768b336693bc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/34457de389fb64a01fdcc71177dfebe65fd2d362"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a005fa5d7502eefec7ee6e1c01adadc06de2f9ad"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net/sched: act_mirred: Fix blockcast recursion bypass leading to stack overflow",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63981",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T14:56:04.580Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.025Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-19T14:56:04.580Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

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GHSA-V39P-WRRC-5J75

CVE-2026-63981 (GCVE-0-2026-63981)

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature