Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-GGXQ-2MG9-8966

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-21 06:30 – Updated: 2026-02-25 15:52

Summary

Moodle has a Remote Code Execution risk via file restore

Details

A flaw was identified in Moodle’s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server.

Severity

7.2 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.1.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0-beta"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.0.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "moodle/moodle"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-26045"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-25T15:52:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-21T06:16:58Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was identified in Moodle\u2019s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server.",
  "id": "GHSA-ggxq-2mg9-8966",
  "modified": "2026-02-25T15:52:47Z",
  "published": "2026-02-21T06:30:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-26045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle/commit/566054ba11f609a6d48d09b32e85d435d49927da"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-26045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2440901"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=473314"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Moodle has a Remote Code Execution risk via file restore"
}

CVE-2026-26045 (GCVE-0-2026-26045)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-21 05:40 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44

Title

Moodle: moodle: improper validation in file restore functionality leading to remote code execution

Summary

Severity

7.2 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-24 04:56 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

fedora CNA under the redhat root

CNA scorecard C 69/100 over 34 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-26045	vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2440901	issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
		Affected: 0 , < 4.5.9 (semver) Affected: 5.0.0 , < 5.0.5 (semver) Affected: 5.1.0 , < 5.1.2 (semver)

Date Public

2026-02-19 00:00

Credits

Red Hat would like to thank Dinhnhi (VNPT-VCI) for reporting this issue.

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-26045",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-02-24T04:56:33.151617Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T14:44:11.999Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "moodle",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4.5.9",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.0.5",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.0.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.1.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.1.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Red Hat would like to thank Dinhnhi (VNPT-VCI) for reporting this issue."
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2026-02-19T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A flaw was identified in Moodle\u2019s backup restore functionality where specially crafted backup files were not properly validated during processing. If a malicious backup file is restored, it could lead to unintended execution of server-side code. Since restore capabilities are typically available to privileged users, exploitation requires authenticated access. Successful exploitation could result in full compromise of the Moodle server."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
              "value": "Important"
            },
            "type": "Red Hat severity rating"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-21T05:40:05.763Z",
        "orgId": "92fb86c3-55a5-4fb5-9c3f-4757b9e96dc5",
        "shortName": "fedora"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-26045"
        },
        {
          "name": "RHBZ#2440901",
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking",
            "x_refsource_REDHAT"
          ],
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2440901"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-02-19T08:41:14.981Z",
          "value": "Reported to Red Hat."
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-02-19T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Made public."
        }
      ],
      "title": "Moodle: moodle: improper validation in file restore functionality leading to remote code execution",
      "x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "92fb86c3-55a5-4fb5-9c3f-4757b9e96dc5",
    "assignerShortName": "fedora",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-26045",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-21T05:40:05.763Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-02-10T13:30:03.985Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T14:44:11.999Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

Publication & reservation Sightings KEV catalogs Other timestamps

Loading timeline…

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted