Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-F86F-GM48-J2G3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-27 03:34 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:32

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

OPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()

Pass the freq index to the assert function to make sure we do not read a freq out of the opp->rates[] table when called from the indexed variants: dev_pm_opp_find_freq_exact_indexed() or dev_pm_opp_find_freq_ceil/floor_indexed().

Add a secondary parameter to the assert function, unused for assert_single_clk() then add assert_clk_index() which will check for the clock index when called from the _indexed() find functions.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-57998"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-125"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-27T02:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nOPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()\n\nPass the freq index to the assert function to make sure\nwe do not read a freq out of the opp-\u003erates[] table when called\nfrom the indexed variants:\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_exact_indexed() or\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_ceil/floor_indexed().\n\nAdd a secondary parameter to the assert function, unused\nfor assert_single_clk() then add assert_clk_index() which\nwill check for the clock index when called from the _indexed()\nfind functions.",
  "id": "GHSA-f86f-gm48-j2g3",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:32:53Z",
  "published": "2025-02-27T03:34:01Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57998"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/774dd6f0f0a61c9c3848e025d7d9eeed1a7ca4cd"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d68c20638e50d5eb4576492a7958328ae445248"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d659bc68ed489022ea33342cfbda2911a81e7a0d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da2a6acc73933b7812c94794726e438cde39e037"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb6ffa0192ba83ece1a318b956265519c5c7dcec"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2024-57998 (GCVE-0-2024-57998)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 02:07 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:47

Title

OPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: OPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq() Pass the freq index to the assert function to make sure we do not read a freq out of the opp->rates[] table when called from the indexed variants: dev_pm_opp_find_freq_exact_indexed() or dev_pm_opp_find_freq_ceil/floor_indexed(). Add a secondary parameter to the assert function, unused for assert_single_clk() then add assert_clk_index() which will check for the clock index when called from the _indexed() find functions.

Severity

7.3 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/774dd6f0f0a61c9c3…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb6ffa0192ba83ece…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d68c20638e50d5eb…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da2a6acc73933b781…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d659bc68ed489022e…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 92fcb46659d5dbfdad0422a503e289085990a5d0 , < 774dd6f0f0a61c9c3848e025d7d9eeed1a7ca4cd (git) Affected: 142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694 , < eb6ffa0192ba83ece1a318b956265519c5c7dcec (git) Affected: 142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694 , < 7d68c20638e50d5eb4576492a7958328ae445248 (git) Affected: 142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694 , < da2a6acc73933b7812c94794726e438cde39e037 (git) Affected: 142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694 , < d659bc68ed489022ea33342cfbda2911a81e7a0d (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.6 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.6 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.76 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.13 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.2 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:33:10.348Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
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      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/opp/core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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            {
              "lessThan": "7d68c20638e50d5eb4576492a7958328ae445248",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "da2a6acc73933b7812c94794726e438cde39e037",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "142e17c1c2b48e3fb4f024e62ab6dee18f268694",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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          "product": "Linux",
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              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.76",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.13",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.13.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13.2",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.6",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                {
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                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nOPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()\n\nPass the freq index to the assert function to make sure\nwe do not read a freq out of the opp-\u003erates[] table when called\nfrom the indexed variants:\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_exact_indexed() or\ndev_pm_opp_find_freq_ceil/floor_indexed().\n\nAdd a secondary parameter to the assert function, unused\nfor assert_single_clk() then add assert_clk_index() which\nwill check for the clock index when called from the _indexed()\nfind functions."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
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            "baseScore": 7.3,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The OPP core is a kernel-internal DVFS framework reached only from the local system \u2014 driver probe, devfreq governor transitions driven by local workload, and the devfreq/UFS sysfs frequency attributes. No network, adjacent-network, or removable-device input reaches `_read_freq()`.\nAC:L - On an affected platform the missing bound check is on a straight-line path with no race, no timing window, and no memory-layout precondition \u2014 every OPP lookup through the `_indexed()` variants deterministically reads `opp-\u003erates[index]` past the array. Repeating the read is as simple as generating I/O or GPU load to force a DVFS transition.\nPR:L - An ordinary unprivileged process can drive devfreq/UFS clock-scaling transitions simply by generating storage or GPU load, which sends the governor through `devfreq_recommended_opp()` and `ufshcd_opp_set_rate()` into the unchecked lookup \u2014 no capability, user namespace, or sysfs write privilege is needed to reach the code.\nUI:N - The overread happens autonomously in probe context and in governor-driven DVFS work, with no victim required to open a device node, mount a filesystem, or take any other action.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access stays within the kernel\u0027s own slab allocations and the affected device\u0027s power-management state, under the same security authority. No hypervisor, IOMMU, container, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The out-of-bounds word read from beyond `opp-\u003erates[]` is not merely compared \u2014 `_opp_table_find_key()` assigns it back through `*key`, so adjacent kernel heap contents (potentially slab metadata or pointers) escape into a caller-visible frequency value that is reported through devfreq/UFS frequency interfaces and tracepoints, and the read is freely repeatable as a heap-content oracle.\nI:L - The garbage key corrupts the ceil/floor/exact comparison, causing selection of the wrong operating point, so an out-of-spec clock rate and voltage are programmed into hardware and bogus `min_freq`/`max_freq` values are stored in the UFS clock descriptors. This is unintended but bounded modification of system state, not an attacker-directed arbitrary write.\nA:H - The slab out-of-bounds read is fatal on the KASAN/`panic_on_warn` configurations common in Android, automotive, and hardened embedded builds, and even on production builds a garbage frequency makes `ufshcd_parse_clock_min_max_freq()` fail probe or leaves the UFS controller and GPU clocked at an invalid rate, producing I/O timeouts, hangs, or a device left without working storage."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:18.059Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/774dd6f0f0a61c9c3848e025d7d9eeed1a7ca4cd"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eb6ffa0192ba83ece1a318b956265519c5c7dcec"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7d68c20638e50d5eb4576492a7958328ae445248"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da2a6acc73933b7812c94794726e438cde39e037"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d659bc68ed489022ea33342cfbda2911a81e7a0d"
        }
      ],
      "title": "OPP: add index check to assert to avoid buffer overflow in _read_freq()",
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-57998",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:07:17.965Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-27T02:04:28.915Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:47:18.059Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-F86F-GM48-J2G3

CVE-2024-57998 (GCVE-0-2024-57998)

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