Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-983J-F2FQ-2775

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-01-14 18:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

binder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work()

When a binder reference is cleaned up, any freeze work queued in the associated process should also be removed. Otherwise, the reference is freed while its ref->freeze.work is still queued in proc->work leading to a use-after-free issue as shown by the following KASAN report:

================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff31600ee91488 by task kworker/5:1/211

CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 211 Comm: kworker/5:1 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-00382-gfc6c92196396 #22 Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Workqueue: events binder_deferred_func Call trace: binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0 binder_deferred_func+0xb60/0x109c process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4 worker_thread+0x608/0xee8

Allocated by task 703: __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x130/0x280 binder_thread_write+0xdb4/0x42a0 binder_ioctl+0x18f0/0x25ac __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190 invoke_syscall+0x6c/0x254

Freed by task 211: kfree+0xc4/0x230 binder_deferred_func+0xae8/0x109c process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4 worker_thread+0x608/0xee8 ==================================================================

This commit fixes the issue by ensuring any queued freeze work is removed when cleaning up a binder reference.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56554"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-416"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-27T15:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbinder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work()\n\nWhen a binder reference is cleaned up, any freeze work queued in the\nassociated process should also be removed. Otherwise, the reference is\nfreed while its ref-\u003efreeze.work is still queued in proc-\u003ework leading\nto a use-after-free issue as shown by the following KASAN report:\n\n  ==================================================================\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff31600ee91488 by task kworker/5:1/211\n\n  CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 211 Comm: kworker/5:1 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-00382-gfc6c92196396 #22\n  Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n  Workqueue: events binder_deferred_func\n  Call trace:\n   binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0\n   binder_deferred_func+0xb60/0x109c\n   process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4\n   worker_thread+0x608/0xee8\n\n  Allocated by task 703:\n   __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x130/0x280\n   binder_thread_write+0xdb4/0x42a0\n   binder_ioctl+0x18f0/0x25ac\n   __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190\n   invoke_syscall+0x6c/0x254\n\n  Freed by task 211:\n   kfree+0xc4/0x230\n   binder_deferred_func+0xae8/0x109c\n   process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4\n   worker_thread+0x608/0xee8\n  ==================================================================\n\nThis commit fixes the issue by ensuring any queued freeze work is removed\nwhen cleaning up a binder reference.",
  "id": "GHSA-983j-f2fq-2775",
  "modified": "2025-01-14T18:31:54Z",
  "published": "2024-12-27T15:31:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56554"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e20434cbca814cb91a0a261ca0106815ef48e5f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe39e0ea2d0ba7f508ff453c4c9a44a95ec0de29"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2024-56554 (GCVE-0-2024-56554)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-27 14:22 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:45

Title

binder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work()

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: binder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work() When a binder reference is cleaned up, any freeze work queued in the associated process should also be removed. Otherwise, the reference is freed while its ref->freeze.work is still queued in proc->work leading to a use-after-free issue as shown by the following KASAN report: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0 Read of size 8 at addr ffff31600ee91488 by task kworker/5:1/211 CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 211 Comm: kworker/5:1 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-00382-gfc6c92196396 #22 Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) Workqueue: events binder_deferred_func Call trace: binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0 binder_deferred_func+0xb60/0x109c process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4 worker_thread+0x608/0xee8 Allocated by task 703: __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x130/0x280 binder_thread_write+0xdb4/0x42a0 binder_ioctl+0x18f0/0x25ac __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190 invoke_syscall+0x6c/0x254 Freed by task 211: kfree+0xc4/0x230 binder_deferred_func+0xae8/0x109c process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4 worker_thread+0x608/0xee8 ================================================================== This commit fixes the issue by ensuring any queued freeze work is removed when cleaning up a binder reference.

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-02-10 17:12 UTC

CWE

CWE-416 - Use After Free

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe39e0ea2d0ba7f50…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e20434cbca814cb9…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: d579b04a52a183db47dfcb7a44304d7747d551e1 , < fe39e0ea2d0ba7f508ff453c4c9a44a95ec0de29 (git) Affected: d579b04a52a183db47dfcb7a44304d7747d551e1 , < 7e20434cbca814cb91a0a261ca0106815ef48e5f (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.12 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.4 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-56554",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
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                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-10T17:12:48.386933Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
                "description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-02-10T17:21:08.609Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/android/binder.c"
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          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "lessThan": "fe39e0ea2d0ba7f508ff453c4c9a44a95ec0de29",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d579b04a52a183db47dfcb7a44304d7747d551e1",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7e20434cbca814cb91a0a261ca0106815ef48e5f",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "d579b04a52a183db47dfcb7a44304d7747d551e1",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/android/binder.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.12"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.12",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.13",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.13",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.12",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
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      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbinder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work()\n\nWhen a binder reference is cleaned up, any freeze work queued in the\nassociated process should also be removed. Otherwise, the reference is\nfreed while its ref-\u003efreeze.work is still queued in proc-\u003ework leading\nto a use-after-free issue as shown by the following KASAN report:\n\n  ==================================================================\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff31600ee91488 by task kworker/5:1/211\n\n  CPU: 5 UID: 0 PID: 211 Comm: kworker/5:1 Not tainted 6.11.0-rc7-00382-gfc6c92196396 #22\n  Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT)\n  Workqueue: events binder_deferred_func\n  Call trace:\n   binder_release_work+0x398/0x3d0\n   binder_deferred_func+0xb60/0x109c\n   process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4\n   worker_thread+0x608/0xee8\n\n  Allocated by task 703:\n   __kmalloc_cache_noprof+0x130/0x280\n   binder_thread_write+0xdb4/0x42a0\n   binder_ioctl+0x18f0/0x25ac\n   __arm64_sys_ioctl+0x124/0x190\n   invoke_syscall+0x6c/0x254\n\n  Freed by task 211:\n   kfree+0xc4/0x230\n   binder_deferred_func+0xae8/0x109c\n   process_one_work+0x51c/0xbd4\n   worker_thread+0x608/0xee8\n  ==================================================================\n\nThis commit fixes the issue by ensuring any queued freeze work is removed\nwhen cleaning up a binder reference."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached only through ioctl(BINDER_WRITE_READ) on the local /dev/binder device file; there is no network-facing path, so the attacker needs local system access.\nAC:L - This is a missing-dequeue logic error where the attacker fully controls both the freeze-notification registration and the ref teardown, allowing the freed-while-queued condition to be set up reliably without winning any uncontrollable race.\nPR:L - Triggering requires only opening the binder device and issuing standard binder commands, which any unprivileged local app can do on Android; no elevated capability gates the freeze-notification path.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs the registration, ref drop, and work processing itself; no action from any other user is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free is confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; exploitation yields standard local kernel compromise without crossing a VM/IOMMU boundary.\nC:H - The freed binder_ref_freeze object can be reallocated with attacker-controlled data before the stale pointer is read in binder_release_work(), enabling disclosure of kernel memory.\nI:H - The freed object remains linked on proc-\u003etodo and is manipulated as list-work after reallocation, so heap spraying of the reclaimed slot provides a write/control-flow primitive typical of exploitable UAFs.\nA:H - The use-after-free reliably corrupts kernel state and causes an oops/panic, producing a kernel crash and denial of service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:45:01.708Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe39e0ea2d0ba7f508ff453c4c9a44a95ec0de29"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e20434cbca814cb91a0a261ca0106815ef48e5f"
        }
      ],
      "title": "binder: fix freeze UAF in binder_release_work()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-56554",
    "datePublished": "2024-12-27T14:22:55.764Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-27T14:03:05.990Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:45:01.708Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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