Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-95QG-QJX7-9H4R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-18 18:31 – Updated: 2026-10-24 15:32

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

RISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration

KVM device ioctls are not serialized against KVM_RUN. As a result, kvm_riscv_aia_imsic_rw_attr() can snapshot the physical CPU and HGEI of an IMSIC VS-file before a concurrent vCPU migration releases it.

The HGEI can then be allocated to another vCPU before imsic_vsfile_rw() uses the stale tuple. A GET or SET attribute may consequently access the new owner's interrupt file.

Serialize the entire IMSIC attribute operation with the target vCPU mutex. This prevents the VS-file from being migrated and recycled until the attribute access completes. Acquire the mutex killably so that the device ioctl remains interruptible while waiting for KVM_RUN to finish.

Severity

7.0 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-98465"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-18T16:16:56Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration\n\nKVM device ioctls are not serialized against KVM_RUN. As a result,\nkvm_riscv_aia_imsic_rw_attr() can snapshot the physical CPU and HGEI of\nan IMSIC VS-file before a concurrent vCPU migration releases it.\n\nThe HGEI can then be allocated to another vCPU before imsic_vsfile_rw()\nuses the stale tuple. A GET or SET attribute may consequently access the\nnew owner\u0027s interrupt file.\n\nSerialize the entire IMSIC attribute operation with the target vCPU\nmutex. This prevents the VS-file from being migrated and recycled until\nthe attribute access completes. Acquire the mutex killably so that the\ndevice ioctl remains interruptible while waiting for KVM_RUN to finish.",
  "id": "GHSA-95qg-qjx7-9h4r",
  "modified": "2026-10-24T15:32:46Z",
  "published": "2026-10-18T18:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-98465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c2bcf6b173d4afed883cceea9d47f2c5194161d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71acbea44e78665ea90e3c310fca6bbdcc0252db"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ae12ccaec6ec74945d8c1ef39f2c1b8df779abc"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a29c5d2dd2ef9a8617a9a6d5585696d5f149cd98"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c525772c304c971b0d3a1f2898dedbae653efe90"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2026-98465 (GCVE-0-2026-98465)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-18 15:15 – Updated: 2026-10-24 14:08

Title

RISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration KVM device ioctls are not serialized against KVM_RUN. As a result, kvm_riscv_aia_imsic_rw_attr() can snapshot the physical CPU and HGEI of an IMSIC VS-file before a concurrent vCPU migration releases it. The HGEI can then be allocated to another vCPU before imsic_vsfile_rw() uses the stale tuple. A GET or SET attribute may consequently access the new owner's interrupt file. Serialize the entire IMSIC attribute operation with the target vCPU mutex. This prevents the VS-file from being migrated and recycled until the attribute access completes. Acquire the mutex killably so that the device ioctl remains interruptible while waiting for KVM_RUN to finish.

Severity

7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6794 records in the last 180 days details

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c2bcf6b173d4afed…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a29c5d2dd2ef9a861…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c525772c304c971b0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71acbea44e78665ea…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ae12ccaec6ec7494…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36 , < 6c2bcf6b173d4afed883cceea9d47f2c5194161d (git) Affected: db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36 , < a29c5d2dd2ef9a8617a9a6d5585696d5f149cd98 (git) Affected: db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36 , < c525772c304c971b0d3a1f2898dedbae653efe90 (git) Affected: db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36 , < 71acbea44e78665ea90e3c310fca6bbdcc0252db (git) Affected: db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36 , < 8ae12ccaec6ec74945d8c1ef39f2c1b8df779abc (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.5 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.5 (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.160 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.55 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2.9 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/kvm/aia_imsic.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "6c2bcf6b173d4afed883cceea9d47f2c5194161d",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "a29c5d2dd2ef9a8617a9a6d5585696d5f149cd98",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "c525772c304c971b0d3a1f2898dedbae653efe90",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "8ae12ccaec6ec74945d8c1ef39f2c1b8df779abc",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "db8b7e97d6137a28b2bfc07e591d54da268f0c36",
              "versionType": "git"
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          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/riscv/kvm/aia_imsic.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.5"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.5",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.160",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.55",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.160",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.55",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.9",
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.5",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nRISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration\n\nKVM device ioctls are not serialized against KVM_RUN. As a result,\nkvm_riscv_aia_imsic_rw_attr() can snapshot the physical CPU and HGEI of\nan IMSIC VS-file before a concurrent vCPU migration releases it.\n\nThe HGEI can then be allocated to another vCPU before imsic_vsfile_rw()\nuses the stale tuple. A GET or SET attribute may consequently access the\nnew owner\u0027s interrupt file.\n\nSerialize the entire IMSIC attribute operation with the target vCPU\nmutex. This prevents the VS-file from being migrated and recycled until\nthe attribute access completes. Acquire the mutex killably so that the\ndevice ioctl remains interruptible while waiting for KVM_RUN to finish."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - A local process reaches the patched kvm_riscv_aia_imsic_rw_attr() through kvm_device_ioctl() and aia_get_attr()/aia_set_attr() using KVM_GET_DEVICE_ATTR or KVM_SET_DEVICE_ATTR; no network or guest-protocol input reaches it.\nAC:H - The attacker can race its attribute ioctl against KVM_RUN, but cross-owner impact also requires kvm_riscv_aia_alloc_hgei() to reassign the freed per-CPU HGEI to a victim vCPU before imsic_vsfile_rw() runs, which the attacker cannot ensure.\nPR:L - No capable() check guards this path, but the caller must have opened /dev/kvm and created and retained the VM, vCPU, and RISC-V AIA device fds; ordinary authorized KVM-user access suffices without init-namespace administration.\nUI:N - The attacking process itself issues the concurrent KVM_RUN and KVM_GET_DEVICE_ATTR or KVM_SET_DEVICE_ATTR operations; no victim user must mount, open, or approve anything.\nS:C - kvm_riscv_aia_alloc_hgei() uses the global per-CPU aia_hgei owners array rather than a per-VM pool, so the recycled interrupt file can belong to a vCPU in a different VM security boundary.\nC:L - A stale GET makes imsic_vsfile_local_rw() disclose one selected EIDELIVERY, EITHRESHOLD, EIP*, or EIE* word from the new owner\u0027s interrupt file, exposing bounded interrupt state rather than arbitrary guest or host memory.\nI:L - A stale SET makes imsic_vsfile_local_rw() write attacker-chosen values to the new owner\u0027s delivery, threshold, pending, or enable register, but it provides no arbitrary memory write or demonstrated control-flow primitive.\nA:H - imsic_vsfile_local_rw() can write EIDELIVERY=0 or clear EIE* in the new owner\u0027s file; for a single-vCPU victim this suppresses all external-interrupt delivery and can leave guest I/O persistently hung."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-24T14:08:57.467Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c2bcf6b173d4afed883cceea9d47f2c5194161d"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71acbea44e78665ea90e3c310fca6bbdcc0252db"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8ae12ccaec6ec74945d8c1ef39f2c1b8df779abc"
        }
      ],
      "title": "RISC-V: KVM: Serialize IMSIC attributes with vCPU migration",
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98465",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-18T15:15:17.498Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.350Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-24T14:08:57.467Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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